Urbana (conference)

==History==

=== 1940s ===
The first Urbana was held in 1946<ref name=LWP>{{cite web|last1=Whitnable|first1=Kristine|title=Urbana and Short-term Missions|url=http://www.lausanneworldpulse.com/themedarticles-php/269/03-2006|website=Lausanne World Pulse|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref> at the [[University of Toronto]] in [[Toronto, Ontario]], Canada. 151 colleges, universities, and seminaries from across North America were represented, along with 100 missionaries.<ref name=Christ>{{cite book|last1=Hunt|first1=Keith Hunt & Gladys|title=For Christ and the university : the story of Intervarsity Christian Fellowship-USA, 1940-1990|date=1992|publisher=InterVarsity Press|location=Downers Grove, Ill.|isbn=0830849963|pages=127–129, 172–175, 217–218, 303–305, 356–358}}</ref> [[L. E. Maxwell]], president of [[Prairie Bible Institute]], and other noted Christian leaders in academia spoke at the December event.<ref name=MF>{{cite web|last1=Hoke|first1=Steve|title=The Impact of an Urbana Decision Card on One Life|url=http://www.missionfrontiers.org/issue/article/the-impact-of-an-urbana-decision-card-on-one-life|website=Mission Frontiers|access-date=8 March 2015}}</ref> The second Urbana was held in 1948, this time at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign|University of Illinois]] at [[Champaign-Urbana]]. [[Jim Elliot]], known for his missionary work and martyrdom in Ecuador, attended this Urbana as a student.<ref name=GOC>{{cite book|last1=Sheppard|first1=Trent|title=God on Campus: Sacred Causes and Global Effects|date=2010|publisher=ReadHowYouWant.com|isbn=9781459602366|page=148|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a1RmlboGsz4C&q=urbana+1946+toronto&pg=PA148|access-date=10 March 2015}}</ref> The slogan for this Urbana was "From Every Campus to Every Country." 1,300 students from 154 campuses participated. Speakers included [[Frank Houghton]], [[V. Raymond Edman]], and [[Billy Graham]].<ref name="Christ" />

=== 1950s ===
The 1954 Urbana had the theme "Changing World; Changeless Christ" and hosted 2,000 students from 263 schools. [[A. W. Tozer]] preached on Bible characters, and [[Alan Redpath]] and [[Paul White (missionary)| ]] were among others who also spoke at this Urbana. The number of students attending Urbana grew to 3,500 in 1957, and the theme that year was "One Lord&mdash;One Church&mdash;One World." Billy Graham returned to speak at this conference, and was joined by the likes of [[Donald Barnhouse]] and [[Harold Ockenga]]. Urbana 57 was held in a gymnasium with poor acoustics, and with the University of Illinois set to finish building a new assembly room by 1961, the next Urbana was postponed until then.<ref name="Christ" />

=== 1960s ===
Urbana 61 had a change in format from previous conferences. It featured a "plenary panel" about mission work, a "plenary forum" that involved a question-and-answer time with various Christian leaders, elective courses on specific topics related to missions, missionary sessions, and a pastoral group. The theme was "Commission&mdash;Conflict&mdash;Commitment." 5,400 students participated in this conference. [[Eugene Nida]], [[Arthur Glasser]], and Urbana veterans David Howard Adeney and Billy Graham were speakers. [[Festo Kivengere]] preached on [[Jacob and Esau]].<ref name="Christ" />

=== 1970s ===
Urbana 76 was themed "Declare His Glory Among the Nations." [[John Stott]] spoke on the biblical basis for mission, [[Elisabeth Elliot]] on the will of God, and [[Helen Roseveare]] on Declaring His Glory in Suffering. 17,000 students participated in 1,700 small groups, meeting each morning for Bible study and every evening for prayer. "That All Nations Might Believe and Obey Jesus Christ" was the theme for Urbana 79. Many speakers made repeat appearances, including John Stott, Billy Graham, and Elisabeth Elliot. Joining them were [[Luis Palau]], [[David Howard Adeney]], and others. Urbana 79 experienced capacity issues due to so many students wanting to attend that the next conference would be held just two years later.<ref name="Christ" />

=== 1980s ===
Urbana 81 was themed "Let Every Tongue Confess That Jesus Christ Is Lord" and 14,000 attended. One unusual characteristic of this Urbana was that it came only two years after the previous one. Speakers included [[Wycliffe USA|Wycliffe Bible translator]] Ed Beach, Eric Alexander from a church in Scotland, Gordon MacDonald, [[Isabelo Magalit]], Marilyn Laszlo, Billy Graham, George McKinney, and author Rebecca Manley Pippert.<ref name="Christ" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/urbana-81 |title = Urbana 81}}</ref>

Urbana 84 attracted 18,000 participants. Eric Alexander spoke on the conference theme "Faithful in Christ Jesus" from the book of Ephesians. Other notable speakers: Ada Lum, Billy Graham, Cliffe Knechtle, David Bryant, George McKinney, Joanne Shetler, John Kyle, Luis Palau, Mariano DiGangi, Ray Bakke, and Tokunboh Adayemo.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/urbana-84 |title = Urbana 84}}</ref>

Urbana 87 took its theme from the [[Book of Jonah]]: "Should I not be concerned?" Nearly 19,000 participants came to hear [[Harvie Conn]], Ray Bakke, Floyd McClung, Billy Graham, Helen Roseveare, Rebecca Manley Pippert, Roberta Hestenes, and Tony Campolo. Nearly 6,000 attendees indicated they felt they were being called by God to serve in overseas missions.<ref name="Christ" /><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/past-urbanas/urbana-87 |title = Urbana 87}}</ref>

=== 1990s ===
Throughout the 90s, Urbana was hosted at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, but the large numbers in attendance meant that the conference was pushing that venue's capacity. In these years, the conference was updated in significant ways.

Urbana 90 was InterVarsity's 16th triennial student mission convention, was themed "Jesus Christ: Lord of the Universe, Hope of the World." Almost 20,000 people met December 27–31, 1990. Featured speakers included Joni Eareckson Tada, Ada Lum, Ajith Fernando, Caesar Molebatsi, George Otis, Glandion Carney, Isaac Canales, Luis Bush, M. Fisher, Paul Tokunaga, Peter Kuzmic and Philemon Choi. It was the first Urbana featuring a full 'contemporary' worship band and a prayer ministry team composed of campus staff members.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/past-urbanas/urbana-90 |title = Urbana 90}}</ref>

Urbana 93 (entitled "God So Loves the World") attracted over 17,000 attendees. Featured speakers included Neil Anderson, Lindsay Brown, Isaac Canales, Peter Cha,  Margarita Petrovna Dvorzhetskaya, Ajith Fernando, Mary Fisher, Steve Hayner, David Zac Niringiye and Ravi Zacharias. Bruce Kuhn offered dramatic presentations of Bible passages.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/past-urbanas/urbana-93 |title = Urbana 93}}</ref>

Urbana 96 (entitled "You Are My Witnesses") was the 50th anniversary of Urbana (counting back to the original InterVarsity student mission convention in Toronto in 1946). Over 19,600 were in attendance, making it the largest student missions gathering in the world. Featured speakers: Tokunboh Adeyemo, Rebecca Atallah, Jorge Atiencia, Robbie Castleman, Alex Gee, Steve Hayner, Jacqueline Huggins, Daniel Oh, Mac Pier, T.V. Thomas, and George Verwer. Bruce Kuhn returned to offer dramatic enactments of Scripture.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/past-urbanas/urbana-96 |title = Urbana 96}}</ref>

=== 2000s ===
The 2000s marked the move of Urbana from its long-time home at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and into St. Louis in 2006—a much larger venue for a conference that seemed to be maxing out every year. The new venue allowed nearly all of the convention to be held under one roof, with students staying in different hotels within the city and walking or transiting to the conference.

Urbana 2000, InterVarsity's 19th triennial student missions convention (themed "Because God First Loved Us"), was an unusual Urbana in that it was scheduled four years (vs. the traditional three) after the previous conference, to avoid possible [[Year 2000 problem|Y2K]] complications. Over 20,000 participated. Featured speakers included: Vinoth Ramachandra, Ken Fong, Steve Hayner, George Verwer, Jimmy McGee, Paul Borthwick, Marta Bennett, Barney Ford, and Alex Gee. Over 5,000 committed their lives to cross-cultural missions as their vocation.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://urbana.org/past-urbanas/urbana-2000 |title = Urbana 2000}}</ref>

The last Urbana to be held at UIUC, Urbana 2003, was also the first to offer an "International Student Track", providing special housing options and electives to international students interested in spending time with other students from their respective countries. Urbana 06 again held a track for international students, as well as tracks that focused on the global [[HIV]]–[[AIDS]] [[pandemic]], the growing business as mission movement, and the needs of the world's largest [[slum]] communities in the [[developing country|developing world]]. Major and tracks at Urbana 09 included International Students, Arts and Media, Advocacy and Poverty, Business as Mission, Evangelism, Jesus and Justice, The Mission of Healthcare, and The Church Around the World.

At Urbana 2006, nearly 22,500 participants attended. Urbana 06 speakers included [[Rick Warren]], pastor and author of ''[[The Purpose Driven Life]]''; [[Ray Bakke]], a professor and specialist in urban ministry; [[Bono]] from the band [[U2]] (via video); and Ajith Fernando, a well-respected Bible teacher who is the director of [[Youth for Christ]] in [[Sri Lanka]].

Urbana 09 speakers included Ramez Atallah, General Secretary of the Bible Society of Egypt; Shane Claiborne of The Simple Way in Philadelphia; [[Ruth Padilla DeBorst]], General Secretary of the [[Latin American Theological Fellowship]]; Sunder Krishnan, Senior Pastor of the Rexdale Alliance Church in Ontario, Canada; and Patrick Fung, General Director of OMF International. Oscar Muriu, Senior Pastor of Nairobi Chapel, Nairobi, Kenya, spoke at both Urbana 06 and Urbana 09.  Worship at Urbana 09 was led by [http://sandravanopstal.com/ Sandra Maria Van Opstal].

=== 2010s ===
Urbana 12 speakers included [[Calisto Odede]], [[David Platt (pastor)|David Platt]], [[Chai Ling]], [[Daniel Bourdanne]], [[Ziel Machado]], [[Geri Rodman]], and [[Terry LeBlanc]]. Sandra Maria Van Opstal, Executive Pastor of Grace and Peace Community in Chicago, was the Director of Worship in 2009 and 2012 with a focus on the integration of multiethnic worship and mission.  Urbana 12 also included a Caregiver Kit Build: the 15,000 attendees assembled 32,000 Caregiver Kits which were then shipped to volunteer caregivers who work with AIDS patients in Swaziland and other African countries.