The New York Times

===1851–1896===
{{Main|History of The New York Times (1851–1896)}}
''The New York Times'' was established in 1851 by ''[[New-York Tribune]]'' journalists [[Henry Jarvis Raymond]] and [[George Jones (publisher)|George Jones]].{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=4-5}} The ''Times'' experienced significant circulation, particularly among conservatives; ''New-York Tribune'' publisher [[Horace Greeley]] praised the ''New-York Daily Times''.{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=7-9}} During the [[American Civil War]], ''Times'' correspondents gathered information directly from [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] states.{{Sfn|Davis|1921|p=56-57}} In 1869, Jones inherited the paper from Raymond,{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=32}} who had changed its name to ''The New-York Times''.{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=21}} Under Jones, the ''Times'' began to publish a series of articles criticizing [[Tammany Hall]] political boss [[William M. Tweed]], despite vehement opposition from other New York newspapers.{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=35}} In 1871, ''The New-York Times'' published Tammany Hall's accounting books; Tweed was tried in 1873 and sentenced to twelve years in prison. The ''Times'' earned national recognition for its coverage of Tweed.{{Sfn|Berger|1951|p=44-51}} In 1891, Jones died, creating a management imbroglio in which his children had insufficient business acumen to inherit the company and his will prevented an acquisition of the ''Times''.{{Sfn|Davis|1921|p=167-168}} Editor-in-chief [[Charles Ransom Miller]], editorial editor Edward Cary, and correspondent George F. Spinney established a company to manage ''The New-York Times'',{{Sfn|Davis|1921|p=170}} but faced financial difficulties during the [[Panic of 1893]].{{Sfn|Davis|1921|p=171}}