TED (conference)

===1984–1999: Founding and early years===
[[File:Bill Clinton talking at TED 2007.jpg|thumb|[[Bill Clinton]] addresses TED, 2007.]]

TED was conceived in 1984 by [[Richard Saul Wurman]], FAIA '76, <ref>{{cite web|date=September 9, 2015|title=Meet the man who created TED in 1984|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ted-creator-60-minutes-overtime/|access-date=August 15, 2023|website=CBS News}}</ref> and co-founded by Emmy-winning broadcast and graphic designer [[Harry Marks (broadcast designer)|Harry Marks]] and CBS President Emeritus [[Frank Stanton (executive)|Frank Stanton]]. The conference featured demos of the [[compact disc]], co-developed by [[Philips]] and [[Sony]], and one of the first demonstrations of the [[Apple Macintosh]] computer.<ref name="addict"/><ref name="forum">{{Cite web|date=July 4, 2010|first=Carole|last=Cadwalladr|title=Ted – the ultimate forum for blue-sky thinking|author-link=Carole Cadwalladr|url=http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/jul/04/ted-conference-oxford-carole-cadwalladr|access-date=September 20, 2012|website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Presentations were given by the mathematician [[Benoit Mandelbrot]] and others such as [[Nicholas Negroponte]] and [[Stewart Brand]]. The event was financially unsuccessful; six years elapsed before a second conference was organized.<ref name="ted.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.ted.com/pages/16|title=History of TED {{!}} Our Organization {{!}} About |website=TED|access-date=June 18, 2016}}</ref>

TED2 was held at the same Monterey Conference Center in California in 1990. From 1990 onward, a growing community of "TEDsters" gathered annually with Wurman leading the conference in Monterey until 2009,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blog.ted.com/a-last-hurrah-at-the-monterey-conference-center-31-years-later/|title=A last hurrah at the Monterey Conference Center, 31 years later|date=May 27, 2015|website=TED Blog|language=en|access-date=August 12, 2019}}</ref> when it was moved to [[Long Beach, California]] due to a substantial increase in the number of those attending.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montereycountyweekly.com/news/cover/will-the-ted-conference-elite-yield-something-concrete-for-the/article_7fe99b74-56c5-55f0-93e0-973d191e3f54.html|title=Will the TED conference elite yield something concrete for the rest of us?|last=May|first=Tina|date=February 28, 2008|website=Monterey County Weekly|language=en|access-date=August 12, 2019}}</ref><ref name="LATimes">{{cite news|last=Kim|first=Victoria|title=Long Beach to host influential TED conference|date=January 16, 2008|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jan/16/business/fi-ted16|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=February 13, 2010}}</ref> Speakers were initially drawn from the fields of expertise behind the acronym TED; but during the 1990s, presenters broadened to include scientists, philosophers, musicians, religious leaders, philanthropists, and many others.<ref name="ted.com"/>
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