Rockabilly

===Tennessee===
Sharecroppers' sons [[Carl Perkins]] and his brothers Jay and Clayton, along with drummer [[W. S. Holland]], had established themselves as one of the hottest bands on the [[honky-tonk]] circuit around [[Jackson, Tennessee]]. Most of the songs they played were country standards with a faster rhythm.<ref>''The Rockabilly Legends: They Called It Rockabilly Long Before They Called It Rock and Roll'' by Jerry Naylor and Steve Halliday {{ISBN|978-1-4234-2042-2}}</ref> It was here that Carl started composing his first songs. While playing, he would watch the dance floor to see what the audience preferred and adjust his compositions to suit, writing them down only when he was sure they were finished. Carl sent numerous demos to New York record companies with no success; the producers believed the Perkins' style of rhythmically-driven country was not commercially viable. That would change in 1955<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/carlperkins/biography|title=Rolling Stone : Carl Perkins: Biography|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=April 9, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070409051922/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/carlperkins/biography|archive-date=April 9, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockabillyhall.com/CarlPerkins.html|title=RAB Hall of Fame: Carl Perkins|website=Rockabillyhall.com|access-date=January 8, 2018}}</ref> after recording the song "[[Blue Suede Shoes]]" (recorded December 19, 1955) on [[Sam Phillips]]' Memphis-based [[Sun Records]]. Later made more famous by [[Elvis Presley]], Perkins' original version was an early rock 'n' roll standard.<ref name="pc8">{{Gilliland |url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19756/ |title=Show 8 - The All American Boy: Enter Elvis and the rock-a-billies. [Part 2] |show=8}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.macca-central.com/macca-news/morenews.php?id=1157|title=List new stories MACCA-Central, The Paul McCartney FUNsite|website=Macca-central.com|access-date=August 22, 2015|archive-date=February 13, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090213055837/http://www.macca-central.com/macca-news/morenews.php?id=1157|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In the early 1950s, there was heavy competition among [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]] area bands playing an audience-savvy mix of covers, original songs, and hillbilly flavored blues. One source mentions both local disc jockey [[Dewey Phillips]] and producer Sam Phillips as being influential.<ref>''The Blue Moon Boys: The Story of Elvis Presley's Band''. Ken Burke and Dan Griffin. 2006. Chicago Review Press. Pages 8, 9. {{ISBN|1-55652-614-8}}</ref> An early radio show on [[KWEM-LP|KWEM]] in [[West Memphis, Arkansas]] quickly became a mix of blues, country and early rockabilly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Paul Burlison|url=http://www.rockabillyhall.com/PaulBurlison.html|access-date=June 27, 2021|website=www.rockabillyhall.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">Billboard April 3, 1999. "Modern Rockabilly Reaches Back Decades for Its Roots". Page 89.</ref> The Saturday Night Jamboree was a Memphis stage show held every Saturday night at the Goodwyn Institute Auditorium in downtown Memphis, Tennessee from 1953–1954. The Jamboree shows were sometimes broadcast live on KWEM. A number of future notables performed there, including Elvis Presley.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kwemradio.com |title=KWEM Radio |publisher=KWEM Radio |access-date=May 22, 2014}}</ref> The performers often experimented with new sounds in their dressing rooms, incorporating the best ones into their shows.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockabillyhall.com/satnightjamboree.html|title=Saturday Night Jamboree - Memphis|website=Rockabillyhall.com|access-date=January 8, 2018|archive-date=December 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221071111/http://www.rockabillyhall.com/satnightjamboree.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1951 and 1952, brothers [[Johnny Burnette|Johnny]] and [[Dorsey Burnette]], as well as [[Paul Burlison]], played a blend of blues, country, and rockabilly at live shows in and around the Memphis area.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> in 1953, they played with Doc McQueen's [[Swing (music)|swing]] band at the Hideaway Club for a time. While there, they wrote a song called "Rock Billy Boogie", named after the Burnette brothers' sons Rocky and Billy ([[Rocky Burnette]] later became a rock and roll star in his own right), although they did not record the song until 1957.<ref name="rockabillyhall:PB">{{cite web|title=Paul Burlison|url=http://www.rockabillyhall.com/PaulBurlison.html|access-date=January 8, 2018|website=Rockabillyhall.com}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|title=Burnettes page on RCS|url=http://rcs-discography.com/rcs/artists/b/burn4200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120713011044/http://rcs-discography.com/rcs/artists/b/burn4200.htm|archive-date=July 13, 2012}}</ref> The Burnettes disliked the popular music McQueen played, so they began playing smaller shows on their own, focusing on their budding rockabilly sound.<ref name="rockabillyhall:PB" /> The trio released "[[Train Kept A-Rollin']]" in 1956, listed by [[Rolling Stone (magazine)|''Rolling Stone'']] magazine as one of the [[The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time|top 500 rock songs of all time]]. Many consider this 1956 recording to be the first intentional use of a [[Distortion (music)|distortion]] effect on a rock song, which was played by lead guitarist Paul Burlison.{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}
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