November 2015 Paris attacks Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ==Attacks== {{quote box | title = Timeline of attacks | align = right | width = 25% | quote = 13 November: * '''21:16'''<ref group=note name="time discrepancy" /> – First suicide bombing near the {{lang|fr|Stade de France}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline">{{cite news|title=Timeline of Paris attacks according to public prosecutor|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-shooting-timeline-idUSKCN0T31BS20151114#h8KRqimXftutLeR3.97|access-date=15 November 2015 |publisher=[[Reuters]] |first1=Sybille|last1=de la Hamaide|date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122215622/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/14/us-france-shooting-timeline-idUSKCN0T31BS20151114#h8KRqimXftutLeR3.97|archive-date=22 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> * '''21:19'''<ref group=note name="time discrepancy" /> – Second suicide bombing near the {{lang|fr|Stade de France}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:25''' – Shooting at the {{lang|fr|rue Bichat}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:32''' – Shooting at the {{lang|fr|rue de la Fontaine-au-Roi}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:36''' – Shooting at the {{lang|fr|rue de Charonne}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:40''' – Suicide bombing on {{lang|fr|boulevard Voltaire}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:40''' – Three men enter the Bataclan theatre and begin shooting.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''21:53''' – Third suicide bombing near the {{lang|fr|Stade de France}}.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''22:00''' – Hostages are taken at the Bataclan.<ref name="LeFigaro">{{cite web|title=Hollande : "Un acte de guerre commis par une armée terroriste"|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualites/2015/11/13/01001-20151113LIVWWW00406-fusillade-paris-explosions-stade-de-france.php|website=Le Figaro|date=13 November 2015 |access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114040639/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualites/2015/11/13/01001-20151113LIVWWW00406-fusillade-paris-explosions-stade-de-france.php|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> 14 November: * '''00:20''' – Security forces enter the Bataclan.<ref name="reuterstimeline"/> * '''00:58''' – French police end the siege on the Bataclan.<ref name="LeFigaro"/> {{align|right|<small>All times are CET (UTC+1).</small>}} }} Three groups of men<ref name="CoordinatedAttacks"/><ref name="Nossiter Breeden Bennhold 2015">{{cite news|last1=Nossiter|first1=Adam|last2=Breeden|first2=Aurelien|last3=Bennhold|first3=Katrin|title=Three Teams of Coordinated Attackers Carried Out Assault on Paris, Officials Say; Hollande Blames ISIS|website=The New York Times|date=14 November 2015|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/paris-terrorist-attacks.html|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115003141/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/paris-terrorist-attacks.html|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> launched six distinct attacks:<ref>{{cite web|title=EN DIRECT. Fusillades à Paris : assaut terminé au Bataclan|url=http://www.lepoint.fr/une-fusillade-en-plein-paris-plusieurs-morts-13-11-2015-1981515_19.php|website=Le Point|date=13 November 2015|access-date=14 November 2015|language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114001755/http://www.lepoint.fr/une-fusillade-en-plein-paris-plusieurs-morts-13-11-2015-1981515_19.php|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> three suicide bombings in one attack, a fourth suicide bombing in another attack, and shootings at four locations.<ref name="Ing Fieldstadt Press 2015">{{cite news|last1=Ing|first1=Nancy|last2=Fieldstadt|first2=Elisha|agency=Associated Press|title=Dozens Dead, Hostages Held in Multiple Paris Attacks|publisher=NBC News|date=13 November 2015|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/french-police-report-paris-shootout-explosion-n463186|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119060438/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/french-police-report-paris-shootout-explosion-n463186|archive-date=19 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Shapiro 2015">{{cite web|last=Shapiro|first=Emily|title=Several Dead After Explosions and Shootings in Paris|website=ABC News|date=13 November 2015|url=http://abcnews.com/International/paris-shootings-explosions-leave-dead-source/story?id=35186222|access-date=13 November 2015}}</ref> The shootings were in the vicinity of the {{lang|fr|[[rue Alibert]]}}, the {{lang|fr|rue de la Fontaine-au-Roi}}, the {{lang|fr|rue de Charonne}}, the Bataclan theatre, and {{lang|fr|avenue de la République}}.<ref name="Goldstein 2015">{{cite web|last=Goldstein|first=Sasha|title=At least 26 dead after explosion, shooting reported in Paris|website=Daily News|location=New York|date=13 November 2015|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/dead-explosions-shooting-reported-paris-article-1.2434381|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113215207/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/dead-explosions-shooting-reported-paris-article-1.2434381|archive-date=13 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=As It Happened|url=http://www.thelocal.fr/20151113/several-dead-in-paris-shootings|website=thelocal.fr|access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116150501/http://www.thelocal.fr/20151113/several-dead-in-paris-shootings|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Three explosions occurred near the {{lang|fr|Stade de France}}, another on {{lang|fr|[[boulevard Voltaire]]}}, and two of the Bataclan shooters also detonated their suicide vests as police ended the standoff.<ref>{{cite web|title=Paris Attacks|url=http://abcnews.com/International/paris-attacks-raid-ends-bataclan-concert-hall-hostages/story?id=35190509|website=ABC News}}</ref> According to the Paris prosecutor, the attackers wore suicide vests that used [[acetone peroxide]] as an explosive.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Mike|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/what-tatp-paris-attackers-used-unstable-hydrogen-peroxide-based-explosive-detonations-2184934|title=What Is TATP? Paris Attackers Used Unstable Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Explosive For Detonations|work=International Business Times|date=14 November 2015|access-date=20 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120012007/http://www.ibtimes.com/what-tatp-paris-attackers-used-unstable-hydrogen-peroxide-based-explosive-detonations-2184934|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> French police reports on cellphones recovered from crime scenes showed that the attacks were being coordinated in real time from [[Brussels]], Belgium, the location of origin of [[Brussels ISIL terror cell|the terrorist cell]] that the Paris attackers were members of.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/30/europe/inside-paris-brussels-terror-attacks/index.html|title=The inside story of the Paris and Brussels attacks|publisher=CNN|last=Cruickshank|first=Paul|date=30 October 2017|access-date=19 November 2020}}</ref> [[File:V.Dombrovskis tiekas ar Francijas prezidentu (8662380787).jpg|thumb|left|President [[François Hollande]] (pictured in 2013) was at the [[Stade de France]] during the attacks]] Three explosions occurred near the country's national sports stadium, the [[Stade de France]], in the suburb of Saint-Denis, resulting in four deaths, including the three suicide bombers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/11/13/fusillade-meurtriere-a-paris_4809485_3224.html|title=Attaques à Paris : le point sur l'enquête et le déroulé des attaques|newspaper=Le Monde|date=15 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115010645/http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/11/13/fusillade-meurtriere-a-paris_4809485_3224.html|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The explosions happened at 21:16, 21:19,<ref group="note" name="time discrepancy">The times for the first two bombings originally given at a press conference by the prosecutor of Paris [[François Molins]] on 14 November 2015 were [https://web.archive.org/web/20151114230804/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2015/11/14/01016-20151114ARTFIG00228-attentats-de-paris-le-point-sur-l-enquete-24-heures-apres-les-faits.php 21:20 and 21:30]. However, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgOjxCPU3HY video recording of the match] shows that the gap between the first and the second explosion was around 3 minutes and 10 seconds, the first explosion being heard at 16:24 after the start of the match, and the second at 19:34. These correspond to 21:16 and 21:19 local time, the game having started at 21:00.</ref> and 21:53.<ref name="françois molins">{{cite news|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2015/11/14/01016-20151114ARTFIG00228-attentats-de-paris-le-point-sur-l-enquete-24-heures-apres-les-faits.php|title=Attentats de Paris: le point sur l'enquête 24 heures après les faits|newspaper=Le Figaro|date=14 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114230804/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2015/11/14/01016-20151114ARTFIG00228-attentats-de-paris-le-point-sur-l-enquete-24-heures-apres-les-faits.php|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> At the time, the stadium was hosting an international friendly football match between [[France national football team|France]] and [[Germany national football team|Germany]], which President Hollande was attending.<ref name="BBCNov15">{{cite news|title=Paris shootings: Casualties in city centre and explosion at the Stade de France|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34814203|access-date=13 November 2015|publisher=BBC News|date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113215309/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34814203|archive-date=13 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Alter 2015">{{cite magazine|last=Alter|first=Charlotte|title=Dozens Feared Dead in Night of Violence in Paris|magazine=Time|date=13 November 2015|url=http://time.com/4112277/shootings-explosion-reported-in-paris/|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113223348/http://time.com/4112277/shootings-explosion-reported-in-paris/|archive-date=13 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The suicide bombers arrived slightly late for the game, and eyewitness reports indicated they did not have tickets, resulting in them being turned away by security guards several times.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> The first explosion near the stadium occurred about 20 minutes after the start of the game.<ref name="BBCNov15"/><ref name="Alter 2015"/> The first bomber was prevented from entering the stadium after a security guard patted him down and found the explosive vest.<ref name="Robinson Landauro 2015">{{cite web|last1=Robinson|first1=Joshua|last2=Landauro|first2=Inti|title=Paris Attacks: Suicide Bomber Was Blocked From Entering Stade de France|website=The Wall Street Journal|date=15 November 2015|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/attacker-tried-to-enter-paris-stadium-but-was-turned-away-1447520571|access-date=16 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116030144/http://www.wsj.com/articles/attacker-tried-to-enter-paris-stadium-but-was-turned-away-1447520571|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> A few seconds after being turned away, he detonated the vest outside the security gate, killing himself and a bystander.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/interactive/2015/11/world/map-paris-shootings|title=How attacks in Paris unfolded|publisher=CNN|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115040258/http://www.cnn.com/interactive/2015/11/world/map-paris-shootings/|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Investigators later surmised that the first bomber had planned to detonate his vest within the stadium, triggering the crowd's panicked exit onto the streets where the two other bombers were lying in wait.<ref name=Meichtry15Nov>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/behind-francois-hollandes-snap-decision-at-stade-de-france-and-the-unfolding-terror-in-paris-1447634427|title=Behind François Hollande's snap decision at Stade de France and the unfolding terror in Paris|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=15 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015|first1=Stacy|last1=Meichtry|first2=Joshua|last2=Robinson|first3=Nick|last3=Kostov|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117233448/http://www.wsj.com/articles/behind-francois-hollandes-snap-decision-at-stade-de-france-and-the-unfolding-terror-in-paris-1447634427|archive-date=17 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Three minutes after the first bombing, the second bomber blew himself up outside another security gate.<ref group=note name="time discrepancy" /><ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> Another 23 minutes after that, the third bomber's vest detonated near the stadium. According to some reports, the location of the third explosion was at a [[McDonald's]] restaurant, where over 50 people were injured, seven seriously;<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Robinson Landauro 2015"/><ref name="Telegraph What">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11995246/Paris-shooting-What-we-know-so-far.html|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|title=Paris terror attacks: Everything we know so far on Sunday morning|date=21 November 2015 |access-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180327021738/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11995246/Paris-shooting-What-we-know-so-far.html|archive-date=27 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> others state the bomb detonated some distance away from any discernible target.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/quick-thinking-averted-massacre-paris-attacks-stadium-194442761--spt.html|website=Yahoo news|publication-date=16 November 2015|title=Quick thinking may have averted massacre at Paris stadium|access-date=15 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106172510/http://news.yahoo.com/quick-thinking-averted-massacre-paris-attacks-stadium-194442761--spt.html|archive-date=6 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Hollande was evacuated from the stadium at half-time, while the German foreign minister, [[Frank-Walter Steinmeier]], remained at the stadium.<ref name=GuardNov15 /><ref name="Nossiter 2015">{{cite news|last1=Nossiter|first1=Adam|last2=Gladstone|first2=Rick|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/14/world/europe/paris-shooting-attacks.html|title=Paris Attacks Kill More Than 100, Police Say; Border Controls Tightened|website=The New York Times|date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114072709/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/14/world/europe/paris-shooting-attacks.html|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Hollande met with his interior minister [[Bernard Cazeneuve]] to co-ordinate a response to the emergency.<ref name="Haaretz story">{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/1.685943|title=At Least 35 Dead, More Than 100 Hostages Taken in Multiple Paris Attacks|work=[[Haaretz]]|date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114051652/http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/1.685943|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Two of the explosions were heard on the live televised broadcast of the match;<ref group=note name="time discrepancy" /> both football coaches were informed by French officials of a developing crisis, but players and fans were kept unaware of it until the game had finished.<ref name=SoccerCoaches>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/stade-de-france-paris-soccer.html? |title=As Paris Attacks Unfolded, Players and Fans at Soccer Stadium Remained Unaware|author=Sam Borden|newspaper=The New York Times|date=14 November 2015|access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020102952/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/stade-de-france-paris-soccer.html |archive-date=20 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Hollande, concerned that the safety of the crowd outside the stadium could not be assured if the match was immediately cancelled, decided that the game should continue without a public announcement.<ref name=Meichtry15Nov/> Following the game, fans were brought onto the pitch to await evacuation as police monitored all the exits around the venue. Security sources said all three explosions were [[suicide bombing]]s.<ref name="AFP summary"/> The German national football team was advised not to return to their hotel, where there had been a bomb threat earlier in the day, and they spent the night in the stadium on mattresses, along with the French team, who stayed with them in a display of comradeship.<ref name="German football team">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/nov/14/france-players-praised-outstanding-camaraderie-germany-terrorist-attacks-paris|title=France players praised for staying with Germany team in Stade de France|work=The Guardian|date=14 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|author=Hills, David|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114235921/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/nov/14/france-players-praised-outstanding-camaraderie-germany-terrorist-attacks-paris|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Restaurant shootings and bombing=== The first shootings occurred around 21:25 on the {{lang|fr|rue Bichat}} and the {{lang|fr|[[rue Alibert]]}}, near the {{lang|fr|[[Canal Saint-Martin]]}} in the [[10th arrondissement of Paris|10th arrondissement]]. The three [[Moroccans in Belgium|Belgian-Moroccan]] attackers, including ringleader [[Abdelhamid Abaaoud]], Brahim Abdeslam and Chakib Akrouh emerged from a rental [[SEAT León]] before killing the driver of a car in front of them and then proceeding to shoot at people outside {{lang|fr|Le Carillon}}, a café and bar. Next, they crossed the {{lang|fr|rue Bichat}} and shot people inside the restaurant {{lang|fr|Le Petit Cambodge}}. According to French police, an eyewitness said one of the gunmen shouted "[[Allahu Akbar]]".<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="GuardNov15">{{cite news|last1=Rawlinson |first1=Kevin |title=Fatal shootings and explosion reported in Paris – live |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2015/nov/13/shootings-reported-in-eastern-paris-live |access-date=13 November 2015 |work=The Guardian |date=13 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115001422/http://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2015/nov/13/shootings-reported-in-eastern-paris-live |archive-date=15 November 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Stanglin 2015">{{cite web|last=Stanglin|first=Doug|title=At least 46 dead in attacks in central Paris|website=USA Today|date=13 November 2015|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/11/13/multiple-deaths-reported-after-shootings-explosions-paris/75727746/|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114025809/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/11/13/multiple-deaths-reported-after-shootings-explosions-paris/75727746/|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> A total of thirteen people were killed<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2016-11-13|title=Un an après, la France rend hommage aux victimes des attentats du 13 novembre 2015|url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2016/11/13/01016-20161113ARTFIG00056-un-an-apres-la-france-rend-hommage-aux-victimes-des-attentats-du-13-novembre-2015.php|access-date=2020-11-11|website=Le Figaro.fr|language=fr}}</ref> at these locations, and ten others were critically injured.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Attaques à Paris : le point sur l'enquête et le déroulé des attaques|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/11/13/fusillade-meurtriere-a-paris_4809485_3224.html|newspaper=Le Monde.fr|access-date=19 November 2015|issn=1950-6244|language=fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120003455/http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/11/13/fusillade-meurtriere-a-paris_4809485_3224.html|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Afterwards, the assailants fled in the SEAT León.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> Doctors and nurses from the nearby [[Hôpital Saint-Louis]] were in {{lang|fr|Le Carillon}} when the attacks happened and supplied emergency assistance to the wounded.<ref name="Le Monde">{{cite news|title=Rue Bichat :"On pensait que c'étaient des pétards. C'étaient des scènes de guerre "|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/attaques-a-paris/article/2015/11/14/rue-bichat-on-ecoutait-de-la-musique-quand-on-a-entendu-ce-qu-on-pensait-etre-des-petards_4809562_4809495.html|access-date=14 November 2015|work=Le Monde|date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114060957/http://www.lemonde.fr/attaques-a-paris/article/2015/11/14/rue-bichat-on-ecoutait-de-la-musique-quand-on-a-entendu-ce-qu-on-pensait-etre-des-petards_4809562_4809495.html|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> At 21:32, the attackers arrived outside {{lang|fr|Café Bonne Bière}},<ref name="françois molins" /> located close to the terrace of the Italian restaurant {{lang|it|La Casa Nostra}}, on the {{lang|fr|rue de la Fontaine-au-Roi}}.<ref name="GuardNov15" /> There, they shouted "Allahu Akbar" again and opened fire on revelers.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> The Paris prosecutor said five people were killed, and eight others were injured.<ref name="GuardNov15" /> An eyewitness reported seeing a gunman firing short bursts.<ref name="GuardianCasaNostra">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/paris-attack-witness-he-was-dressed-in-black-professional-shooting-and-killing|title=Paris Attack Witness|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117034918/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/paris-attack-witness-he-was-dressed-in-black-professional-shooting-and-killing|archive-date=17 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The assailants then fled again in the SEAT León.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> At 21:36, the assailants arrived at the restaurant {{lang|fr|La Belle Équipe}} on the {{lang|fr|rue de Charonne}} in the 11th arrondissement. They fired for several minutes at the outdoor terrace, before returning to the SEAT León and driving away.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="BBCNov15" /><ref name="BBC What">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34818994|title=Paris attacks: What we know|date=14 November 2015 |publisher=BBC News|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118225632/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34818994|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Twenty-one people were killed,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=à 08h23|first=Par J. M. Le 13 novembre 2016|date=2016-11-13|title=Attentats du 13-Novembre : revivez les hommages aux victimes|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/faits-divers/attentats-du-13-novembre-suivez-en-direct-les-ceremonies-en-hommage-aux-victimes-12-11-2016-6320256.php|access-date=2020-11-11|website=leparisien.fr|language=fr-FR}}</ref> and seven others were left in critical condition.<ref name="BBC What" /> Many of the deceased victims at the targeted restaurants and cafés had been sitting on the outdoor terraces when they were shot.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> At 21:40, Brahim Abdeslam was dropped off at the {{lang|fr|boulevard Voltaire}} in the 11th arrondissement, near the {{lang|fr|[[place de la Nation]]}}.<ref name="AFP summary"/><ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> He sat down at the interior terrace of the {{lang|fr|Comptoir Voltaire}} café, wearing a hooded jacket over several layers of clothing. After placing an order, he smiled at patrons and apologised for interrupting their dinner. Finally, he detonated his explosive vest, killing himself and injuring fifteen people, one of them seriously.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="BBC What"/><ref>{{cite web|title=A Nation, le kamikaze s'est fait sauter en passant la commande|work=L'Express|date=14 November 2015|url=http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/fait-divers/a-nation-le-kamikaze-s-est-fait-sauter-en-passant-la-commande_1735885.html|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119060508/http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/fait-divers/a-nation-le-kamikaze-s-est-fait-sauter-en-passant-la-commande_1735885.html|archive-date=19 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> ===Bataclan theatre massacre=== [[File:Bataclan theater, Paris 3 April 2009.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Bataclan (theatre)|Bataclan theatre]] in 2009]] Beginning at around 21:50, a [[mass shooting]] and hostage-taking occurred at the Bataclan theatre on the ''boulevard Voltaire'' in the 11th arrondissement. The American rock band [[Eagles of Death Metal]] was playing to an audience of about 1,500 people.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan">[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/20/bataclan-witnesses-recount-horror-paris-attacks "'It looked like a battlefield': the full story of what happened in the Bataclan"]. ''[[The Guardian]]'', 20 November 2015.</ref> Three dark-clad gunmen armed with [[Zastava M70]] assault rifles<ref name="AFP summary"/><ref name="bbc18nov">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34827497|title=What happened at the Bataclan?|publisher=BBC News|date=18 November 2015|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701130636/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34827497|archive-date=1 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> had been waiting in a black rental car near the venue for more than an hour.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> The terrorists were three French natives of Algerian descent: Foued Mohamed-Aggad, age 23; Ismaël Omar Mostefaï, age 29; and Samy Amimour, age 28. As the band was playing their song "Kiss the Devil", the three men got out of the car and opened fire on people outside the venue, killing three. Then, they burst into the concert hall and opened fire on the crowd.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> Witnesses heard shouts of "[[Takbir|Allahu Akbar]]" as the terrorists opened fire.<ref name="AFP summary">{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/least-120-dead-paris-attacks-investigation-source-pta-013205822.html|title=More than 120 people killed in Paris 'terror' attacks|publisher=Yahoo! News|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=13 November 2015|access-date=14 November 2015|author1=Randolph, Eric|author2=Simon Valmary|name-list-style=amp|archive-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114202028/http://news.yahoo.com/least-120-dead-paris-attacks-investigation-source-pta-013205822.html |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="bbc18nov"/><ref name=Nossiter>{{cite news|last1=Nossiter|first1=Adam|last2=Higgins|first2=Andrew|title='Scene of Carnage' Inside Sold-Out Paris Concert Hall|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/14/world/europe/paris-attacks.html|access-date=14 November 2015|work=The New York Times|date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114091210/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/14/world/europe/paris-attacks.html|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Initially, the audience mistook the gunfire for [[pyrotechnics]].<ref name="BBCNewsLive">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-europe-34815972|title=Paris attacks updates|publisher=BBC News|date=13–14 November 2015|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528191754/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-europe-34815972|archive-date=28 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/paris-terror-attacks-a-display-of-absolute-barbarity.html|title=France Confronts 'Absolute Barbarity'|author1=Andrew Higgins|author2=Milan Schreuer|name-list-style=amp|newspaper=The New York Times|date=14 November 2015|access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115035016/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/paris-terror-attacks-a-display-of-absolute-barbarity.html|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The band ran offstage and escaped with many of the crew.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://abc7.com/news/singer-for-eagles-of-death-metal-escapes-paris-attack/1083890/|title=Singer for Eagles of Death Metal escapes Paris attack|publisher=ABC 7 |location=Los Angeles|date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114123152/http://abc7.com/news/singer-for-eagles-of-death-metal-escapes-paris-attack/1083890/|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Rows of people were mowed down by gunfire or were forced to drop to the ground to avoid being shot. Survivors described hundreds of people lying beside and on top of each other in pools of blood, screaming in terror and pain. The gunmen also fired up into the balconies, and dead bodies fell down onto the stalls below. For a few minutes, the hall was plunged into darkness, with only the flashes from the assault rifles as the gunmen kept shooting. The terrorists shouted that they were there because of the French airstrikes against Islamic State.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> Another witness who was inside the Bataclan heard a gunman say, "This is because of all the harm done by Hollande to Muslims all over the world."<ref>{{cite news|last=Higgins|first=Andrew|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/this-is-because-of-all-the-harm-done-by-hollande-to-muslims|title=This Is Because of all the Harm Done by Hollande to Muslims|work=The New York Times|date=13 November 2015|access-date=13 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114093503/http://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/this-is-because-of-all-the-harm-done-by-hollande-to-muslims/|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> A radio reporter attending the concert described the terrorists as calm and determined and said they reloaded three or four times.<ref name=Nossiter/> Two gunmen attacked the concert hall; one gunman [[Suppressive fire|covered fire]] while another reloaded, to ensure maximum efficiency.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> Whenever the gunmen stopped to reload, some of the crowd ran for the emergency exits, scrambling over each other to escape.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> Some were shot from behind as they fled, and the terrorists laughed as they shot them.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.svt.se/nyheter/granskning/ug/referens/den-svenske-terroristen|title=Den svenske terroristen|last=Nyheter|first=SVT|work=SVT Nyheter|access-date=5 July 2017|language=sv|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170528173143/https://www.svt.se/nyheter/granskning/ug/referens/den-svenske-terroristen|archive-date=28 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Those who reached the emergency exit were shot by the third gunman, who positioned himself there.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> Other groups of people barricaded themselves in backstage rooms. Some smashed open the ceiling in an upstairs toilet and hid among the rafters under the roof. Those who could not run lay still on the floor pretending to be dead. According to survivors, the terrorists walked among those who were lying down, kicked them, and shot them in the head if there was any sign of life.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> An eyewitness reported hearing the gunmen ask amongst themselves where the members of the Eagles of Death Metal were once the gunfire stopped.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï then went upstairs to the balconies, while Amimour stayed downstairs and fired at people who tried to flee.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> The [[Research and Intervention Brigade|Brigade of Research and Intervention]] (BRI) arrived on the scene at 22:15, soon followed by the elite tactical unit, [[Research, Assistance, Intervention, Deterrence|RAID]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Attentat à Paris: Le récit du sauvetage des otages au Bataclan par la BRI|url=http://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1731987-20151116-attentat-paris-comment-policiers-bri-sauve-otages-bataclan|website=20 Minutes|date=16 November 2015 |access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118200534/http://www.20minutes.fr/societe/1731987-20151116-attentat-paris-comment-policiers-bri-sauve-otages-bataclan|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> At 22:15, the first two responding officers entered the building armed with handguns and encountered Amimour, who was standing on the stage. Amimour died after being shot by the officers and detonating his explosive vest. Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï then fired upon the officers, forcing them to withdraw and wait for backup.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> From this point, Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï took about twenty hostages and herded them into a room at the end of an L-shaped corridor located further in the building. They also seized the hostages' mobile phones and attempted to use them to access the Internet, but they were unable to find a signal. Some of the hostages were forced to look down into the hall and out the windows and tell the terrorists what they saw.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> During this time, Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï fired on police and other [[first responders]] arriving at the scene.<ref>{{cite web|title=Paris shooting: Several killed and injured after 'Kalashnikov and grenade attacks' across French capital |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11995227/Paris-shooting-Many-feared-dead-live.html |website=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=13 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113212158/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11995227/Paris-shooting-Many-feared-dead-live.html |archive-date=13 November 2015 }}</ref> At 23:30, an elite police squad entered the building. One unit evacuated survivors from downstairs, while another unit went upstairs. They found Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï, who had begun using hostages as human shields. They shouted out to police the number of a hostage's phone. Over the next 50 minutes, they had four phone exchanges with a police negotiator, during which they threatened to execute hostages unless they received a signed paper promising France's departure from Muslim lands.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/><ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> The police assault began at 00:20 and lasted three minutes.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Comment la BRI a mené l'assaut au Bataclan|url=http://www.francetvinfo.fr/faits-divers/terrorisme/attaques-du-13-novembre-a-paris/comment-la-bri-a-mene-l-assaut-au-bataclan_1178909.html|website=francetv info|date=17 November 2015|access-date=19 November 2015|language=fr-FR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118144156/http://www.francetvinfo.fr/faits-divers/terrorisme/attaques-du-13-novembre-a-paris/comment-la-bri-a-mene-l-assaut-au-bataclan_1178909.html|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Police launched the assault because of reports that Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï had started killing hostages.<ref name="AFP summary" /><ref name="Nossiter" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualites/2015/11/13/01001-20151113LIVWWW00406-fusillade-paris-explosions-stade-de-france.php|title=Attaques terroristes à Paris: des dizaines de morts, l'état d'urgence décrété|work=[[Le Figaro]]|date=13 November 2015 |quote=Selon plusieurs sources concordantes, l'assaut est terminé au Bataclan. Selon BFM-TV, deux terroristes auraient été tués.|access-date=14 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114040639/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualites/2015/11/13/01001-20151113LIVWWW00406-fusillade-paris-explosions-stade-de-france.php|archive-date=14 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Police using shields burst open the door to the room and exchanged fire with Mohamed-Aggad and Mostefaï while managing to pull the hostages one-by-one behind their shields. One terrorist detonated his explosive vest, and the other tried to do the same but was shot.<ref name="Guardian Bataclan"/> Ninety people were killed, and hundreds of others were wounded.<ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref name="autogenerated2"/> Almost all of the deceased victims were killed within the first 20 minutes of the attack.<ref name=CNN.InsideStory/> All of the hostages were rescued without injury.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-34889539|title=Paris attacks: Bataclan hostage held for hours by attackers|work=BBC News}}</ref> [[Police dog]] teams from the Brigade Cynophile assisted with body removal because of concerns that there could still be live explosives in the theatre.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=The Dog Lover Unit: Lessons in Courage From the World's K9 Cops|last=Rose|first=Rachel|publisher=Thomas Dunne Books|year=2017|isbn=978-1-250-11074-9|location=New York|pages=237–238|oclc=967029672}}</ref> Identification and removal of the bodies took 10 hours, a process made difficult because some audience members had left their identity papers in the theatre's cloakroom.<ref name="Fansten14Nov">{{cite news|work=Libération|title=Attentats: le pire des scénarios|url=http://www.liberation.fr/france/2015/11/14/le-pire-des-scenarios_1413500|first1=Emmanuel|last1=Fansten|first2=Willy|last2=Le Devin|date=14 November 2015|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120101310/http://www.liberation.fr/france/2015/11/14/le-pire-des-scenarios_1413500|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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