HIV/AIDS

=== Acute infection ===
[[File:Symptoms of acute HIV infection.svg|thumb|upright=1.25|alt=A diagram of a human torso labeled with the most common symptoms of an acute HIV infection|Main symptoms of acute HIV infection]]
The initial period following infection with HIV is called acute HIV, primary HIV or acute retroviral syndrome.<ref name=M121/><ref name=WHOCase2007/> Many individuals develop an [[Influenza-like illness|illness-like influenza]], [[Infectious mononucleosis|mononucleosis or glandular fever]] 2–4 weeks after exposure while others have no significant symptoms.<ref>{{cite book |title=Diseases and disorders |year=2008 |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |location=Tarrytown, NY |isbn=978-0-7614-7771-6 |page=25 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-HRJOElZch8C&pg=PA25  |access-date=June 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919012701/https://books.google.com/books?id=-HRJOElZch8C&pg=PA25 |archive-date=September 19, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=M118/> Symptoms occur in 40–90% of cases and most commonly include [[fever]], [[lymphadenopathy|large tender lymph nodes]], [[pharyngitis|throat inflammation]], a [[rash]], headache, tiredness, and/or sores of the mouth and genitals.<ref name=WHOCase2007/><ref name=M118/> The rash, which occurs in 20–50% of cases, presents itself on the trunk and is [[maculopapular]], classically.<ref name=Deut2010/> Some people also develop [[opportunistic infections]] at this stage.<ref name=WHOCase2007/> Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting or [[diarrhea]] may occur.<ref name=M118/> Neurological symptoms of [[peripheral neuropathy]] or [[Guillain–Barré syndrome]] also occur.<ref name=M118/> The duration of the symptoms varies, but is usually one or two weeks.<ref name=M118/>

These [[Signs and symptoms|symptoms]] are not often [[Medical diagnosis#Pattern recognition|recognized]] as signs of HIV infection.<!--<ref name=M118/> --> Family doctors or hospitals can misdiagnose cases as one of the many common [[infectious disease]]s with similar symptoms.<!--<ref name=M118/> --> Someone with an [[Fever of unknown origin|unexplained fever]] who may have been recently exposed to HIV should consider testing to find out if they have been infected.<ref name=M118>Mandell, Bennett, and Dolan (2010). Chapter 118.</ref>