Eucharist

===Eucharist===
The [[New Testament]] was originally written in the [[Koine Greek|Greek]] language and the Greek noun {{lang|grc|εὐχαριστία}} ({{transliteration|grc|eucharistia}}), meaning "thanksgiving", appears a few times in it,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biblehub.com/greek/2169.htm |title=Strong's Greek: 2169. εὐχαριστία (eucharistia) – thankfulness, giving of thanks |publisher=Biblehub.com |access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref> while the related Greek verb {{lang|grc|εὐχαριστήσας}} is found several times in New Testament accounts of the Last Supper,<ref>{{cite web |title=Strong's Greek: 2168. εὐχαριστέω (eucharisteó) – to be thankful |url=https://biblehub.com/greek/2168.htm |website=biblehub.com |access-date=19 November 2020}}</ref><ref name=LaV>{{citation|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=LaVerdiere+%22oldest+attestation%22|first=Eugene|last=LaVerdiere|title=The Eucharist in the New Testament and the Early Church|publisher=Liturgical Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0814661529|pages=1–2}}</ref><ref name=Schr>[[Thomas R. Schreiner]], Matthew R. Crawford, ''[http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=Schreiner+Crawford+%22called+the+Eucharist%22&btnG= The Lord's Supper]'' (B&H Publishing Group 2011 {{ISBN|978-0805447576}}), p. 156</ref><ref>John H. Armstrong, ''[http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=%22eucharist+is+derived+from+the+words+of+institution%22&btnG= Understanding Four Views on the Lord's Supper]'' (Zondervan 2009 {{ISBN|978-0310542759}})</ref><ref>Robert Benedetto, James O. Duke, ''[http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=Benedetto+%22gospel+writers+used%22&btnG= The New Westminster Dictionary of Church History]'' (Westminster John Knox Press 2008 {{ISBN|978-0664224165}}), volume 2</ref> including the earliest such account:<ref name=LaV/>

{{blockquote|For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks ({{lang|grc|εὐχαριστήσας}}), he broke it, and said, "This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me".|1 Corinthians 11:23–24<ref>[[s:Bible (American Standard)/1 Corinthians#11:23|1 Corinthians 11:23–24]]</ref>}}

The term {{transliteration|grc|eucharistia}} (thanksgiving) is that by which the rite is referred to<ref name=LaV/> in the ''[[Didache]]'' (a late 1st or early 2nd century document),<ref name="Kodell">''Eucharist in the New Testament'' by Jerome Kodell 1988 {{ISBN|0814656633}}</ref>{{rp|51}}<ref name=textDid>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1z2lDqiMfTMC&q=concerning+the+eucharist |title='Didache' 9:1 |pages=22–23 |access-date=2019-05-16|isbn=978-0814658314 |last1=Milavec |first1=Aaron |year=2003 |publisher=Liturgical Press }}</ref><ref name=Bromiley437 >''Theological Dictionary of the New Testament'' by Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich and Geoffrey W. Bromiley 1985 {{ISBN|0802824048}}</ref>{{rp|437}}<ref>Stanley E. Porter, [http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=Porter+%22observe+the+thanksgiving%22&btnG= Dictionary of Biblical Criticism and Interpretation] (Taylor & Francis 2007 {{ISBN|978-0415201001}})</ref>{{rp|207}} by [[Ignatius of Antioch]] (who died between 98 and 117)<ref name=Bromiley437 /><ref>Epistle to the Ephesians 13:1; Epistle to the Philadelphians 4; Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 7:1, 8:1</ref> and by [[Justin Martyr]] (''[[First Apology of Justin Martyr|First Apology]]'' written between 155 and 157).<ref name="Guy196">''Introducing Early Christianity'' by Laurie Guy {{ISBN|0830839429}} p. 196</ref><ref name=Bromiley437 /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ccel.org/ccel/richardson/fathers.x.ii.iii.html |title=''First Apology'', 66 |publisher=Ccel.org |date=2005-06-01 |access-date=2019-05-16}}</ref><!-- In its instructions on the Eucharist,<ref name=LaV/> the Didache also uses {{lang|grc|εὐχαριστίζω}} (to "eucharistize"),<ref name=textDid/><ref>''The Didache: faith, hope, & life of the earliest Christian communities'' by Aaron Milavec 2003 {{ISBN|0809105373}} p. 429</ref><ref>''The Christian Sacraments of initiation: baptism, confirmation, Eucharist'' by Kenan B. Osborne 1998 {{ISBN|0809128861}} p. 176</ref> a verbal form of {{lang|grc|εὐχαριστία}},<ref name=textDid/> and, again in relation to the rite,<ref name=LaV/> Justin Martyr uses another verbal form: {{lang|grc|εὐχαριστῶ}} ("to thank"),<ref>''First Apology'', 65</ref> --> Today, "the Eucharist" is the name still used by [[Eastern Orthodox]], [[Oriental Orthodox]], [[Catholics]], [[Anglicans]], [[Presbyterians]], and [[Lutheranism|Lutherans]]. Other [[Protestant]] denominations rarely use this term, preferring "Communion", "the Lord's Supper", "Remembrance", or "the Breaking of Bread". [[Latter-day Saints]] call it "[[Sacrament (LDS Church)|the Sacrament]]".<ref name="LDS_Sacrament"/>

{{anchor|Supper}}