Codex Sinaiticus Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! == Text == === Contents === [[File:Codex sinaticus (The S.S. Teacher's Edition-The Holy Bible - Plate XXII).jpg|thumb|A portion of Codex Sinaiticus, containing [[Book of Esther|Esther]]<ref>{{bibleverse||Esther|2:3–8|31}}</ref>]] The text of the Old Testament contains the following passages in order:<ref>{{Cite book | first=Ernst | last=Würthwein | title=Der Text des Alten Testaments | edition=2nd | page=85 | year=1988 | publisher=[[Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft]] | location=Stuttgart | isbn=3-438-06006-X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | first=Henry Barclay | last=Swete | author-link=Henry Barclay Swete | title=An Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek | pages=129–130 | year=1902 | publisher=Macmillan and Co. | location=Cambridge | url=https://archive.org/stream/anintrotooldtes00swetuoft#page/128/mode/2up}}</ref><ref name="sinai-online">{{cite web | url=http://www.codex-sinaiticus.net/en/manuscript.aspx | title=Codex Sinaiticus - See the Manuscript | Genesis | access-date=17 April 2022 | archive-date=22 November 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122104648/http://www.codex-sinaiticus.net/en/manuscript.aspx | url-status=dead }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- |1 |[[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 23:19 – Genesis 24:46 – fragments |13 |[[4 Maccabees]] |- |2 |[[Book of Leviticus|Leviticus]] 20:27 – Leviticus 22:30 |14 |[[Book of Isaiah]] |- |3 |[[Book of Numbers|Numbers]] 5:26–Numbers 7:20 – fragments |15 |[[Book of Jeremiah]] |- |4 |[[Book of Deuteronomy]] - fragments |16 |[[Book of Lamentations]] |- |5 |[[Book of Joshua]] - fragments |17 |[[Minor Prophets]] (omitting [[Book of Hosea]]) |- |6 |[[Book of Judges]] 5:7 - 11:2 + fragments |18 |[[Book of Psalms]] |- |7 |[[1 Chronicles]] 9:27–1 Chronicles 19:17 |19 |[[Book of Proverbs]] |- |8 |[[Ezra–Nehemiah]] (from Esdr. 9:9). |20 |[[Ecclesiastes]] |- |9 |[[Book of Esther]] |21 |[[Song of Songs]] |- |10 |[[Book of Tobit]] |22 |[[Wisdom of Solomon]] |- |11 |[[Book of Judith]] |23 |[[Wisdom of Sirach]] |- |12 |[[1 Maccabees]] |24 |[[Book of Job]] |} The text of the New Testament is arranged in the following order:{{r|sinai-online}} {| class="wikitable" |- |1 |[[Gospel of Matthew]] |10 |[[Epistle to the Philippians|Philippians]] |19 |[[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]] |- |2 |[[Gospel of Mark]] |11 |[[Epistle to the Colossians|Colossians]] |20 |[[Epistle of James|James]] |- |3 |[[Gospel of Luke]] |12 |[[First Epistle to the Thessalonians|1 Thessalonians]] |21 |[[First Epistle of Peter|1 Peter]] |- |4 |[[Gospel of John]] |13 |[[Second Epistle to the Thessalonians|2 Thessalonians]] |22 |[[Second Epistle of Peter|2 Peter]] |- |5 |[[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] |14 |[[Epistle to Hebrews|Hebrews]] |23 |[[First Epistle of John|1 John]] |- |6 |[[First Epistle to the Corinthians|1 Corinthians]] |15 |[[First Epistle to Timothy|1 Timothy]] |24 |[[Second Epistle of John|2 John]] |- |7 |[[Second Epistle to the Corinthians|2 Corinthians]] |16 |[[Second Epistle to Timothy|2 Timothy]] |25 |[[Third Epistle of John|3 John]] |- |8 |[[Epistle to the Galatians|Galatians]] |17 |[[Epistle to Titus|Titus]] |26 |[[Epistle of Jude|Jude]] |- |9 |[[Epistle to the Ephesians|Ephesians]] |18 |[[Epistle to Philemon|Philemon]] |27 |[[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] |} The codex includes two other books as part of the New Testament: :* [[Epistle of Barnabas]] :* [[Shepherd of Hermas]] === Text-type and relationship to other manuscripts === For most of the New Testament, Codex Sinaiticus is in general agreement with ''[[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|Codex Vaticanus (B)]]'' and ''[[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (C)]]'', attesting the [[Alexandrian text-type]]. A notable example of an agreement between the text in Sinaiticus and Vaticanus is they both omit the word εικη ('without cause', 'without reason', 'in vain') from {{bibleref|Matthew|5:22}}: "''But I say unto you, that whosoever is angry with his brother '''without a cause''' shall be in danger of the judgement''".<ref group="n">The same variant is present in the Greek manuscript {{Papyrus link|64}}, noted in the margin of [[Minuscule 1424]], present in manuscripts of the [[Latin]] [[Vulgate]], the Ethiopic version, and attested by the early church fathers [[Origen]] and Jerome - NA27 p. 10.</ref> In [[Gospel of John|John]] 1:1–8:38, Codex Sinaiticus differs from [[Codex Vaticanus|Vaticanus (B)]] and all other Alexandrian manuscripts. It is in closer agreement with ''[[Codex Bezae|Codex Bezae (D)]]'' in support of the [[Western text-type]]. For example, in {{bibleref|John|1:4}} Sinaiticus and Codex Bezae are the only Greek manuscripts with textual variant {{lang|el|ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἐστίν}} (''in him is life'') instead of {{lang|el|ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ᾓν}} (''in him was life''). This variant is supported by [[Vetus Latina]] and some [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|Sahidic]] manuscripts. This portion has a large number of corrections.<ref>{{Cite book | contributor-first1=Gordon D. | contributor-last=Fee | contributor-link=Gordon Fee | first1=Eldon J. | last1=Epp | first2=Gordon D. | last2=Fee | contribution=Codex Sinaiticus in the Gospel of John | title=Studies in the Theory and Method of New Testament Textual Criticism | pages=22–44 | year=1993 | publisher=Eerdmans | location=Michigan | isbn=9780802824301}}</ref> There are a number of differences between Sinaiticus and Vaticanus; Textual critic [[Herman C. Hoskier]] enumerated 3036 differences : ::::Matt: 656 ::::Mark: 567 ::::Luke: 791 ::::John: 1022 ::::Total — 3036.<ref>{{Cite book | first=Herman C. | last=Hoskier | title=Codex B and Its Allies, a Study and an Indictment - Part II | page=1 | year=1914 | publisher=Bernard Quaritch | location=London | isbn=978-1375984683 | url=https://archive.org/details/codexbanditsalli02hoskuoft/page/n7/mode/2up}}</ref> According to textual critic [[Fenton Hort]], ''Sinaiticus'' and ''Vaticanus'' were derived from a much older common source, "the date of which cannot be later than the early part of the second century, and may well be yet earlier".<ref>{{Cite book | first1= Brooke Foss | last1=Westcott | first2=Fenton John Anthony | last2=Hort | title=The New Testament in the Original Greek, Introduction and Appendix | page=223 | year=1881 | publisher=Macmillan and Co. | location=Cambridge | url=https://archive.org/details/newtestamentinor82west/page/222/mode/2up }}</ref> Example of differences between Sinaiticus and Vaticanus in Matt 1:18–19 (one transposition difference; two spelling differences; one word substitution difference): {| class="wikitable" |- ! Codex Sinaiticus ! Codex Vaticanus |- | {{lang|grc|Του δε '''{{overline|ΙΥ}} {{overline|ΧΥ}}''' η γενεσις ουτως ην <br /> μνηστευθισης της μητρος αυτου <br /> Μαριας τω Ιωσηφ πριν ην συνελθιν αυτους <br /> ευρεθη εν γαστρι εχουσα εκ {{overline|ΠΝΣ}} αγιου <br /> Ιωσηφ δε ο ανηρ αυτης δικαιος ων <br /> και μη θελων αυτην '''παρα'''διγματισαι <br /> εβουληθη λαθρα απολυσαι αυτην}} | {{lang|grc|Του δε '''{{overline|ΧΥ}} {{overline|ΙΥ}}''' η γενεσις ουτως ην <br /> μνηστευθ'''ε'''ισης της μητρος αυτου <br /> Μαριας τω Ιωσηφ πριν ην συνελθ'''ε'''ιν αυτους <br /> ευρεθη εν γαστρι εχουσα εκ {{overline|ΠΝΣ}} αγιου <br /> Ιωσηφ δε ο ανηρ αυτης δικαιος ων <br /> και μη θελων αυτην δ'''ε'''ιγματισαι <br /> εβουληθη λαθρα απολυσαι αυτην}} |- ! English Translation ! English Translation |- |Now the birth of '''Jesus Christ''' was as follows: <br />was betrothed His mother <br />Mary to Joseph. Before they had sexual intercourse, <br />she was found to be pregnant by the Holy Spirit. <br />As Joseph her husband was righteous <br />and did not want '''to publicly shame''' her, <br />he planned to divorce her quietly. |Now the birth of '''Christ Jesus''' was as follows: <br />'''was betrothed''' His mother <br />Mary to Joseph. Before they had sexual intercourse, <br />she was found to be pregnant by the Holy Spirit. <br />As Joseph her husband was righteous <br />and did not want '''to make a show''' of her, <br />he planned to divorce her quietly. |} Biblical scholar [[Burnett Hillman Streeter|B. H. Streeter]] remarked there was a great agreement between the codex and the [[Vulgate]] of [[Jerome]]. According to him, [[Origen]] brought the [[Alexandrian text-type]] that was used in this codex to [[Caesarea Maritima|Caesarea]], and it was subsequently employed by Jerome for his Latin revision.<ref name="Streeter">{{Cite book | first=Burnett Hillman | last=Streeter | author-link=Burnett Hillman Streeter | title=The Four Gospels: a Study of Origins treating of the Manuscript Tradition, Sources, Authorship, & Dates | pages=590–597 | year=1924 | publisher=Macmillan and Co. | location=London| url=https://archive.org/details/fourgospelsstudy0000stre }}</ref> Between the 4th and 12th centuries, seven or more correctors worked on this codex, making it one of the most corrected manuscripts in existence.<ref name="scribes-corr">{{Cite book | first1=H. J. M. | last1=Milne | first2=Theodore Cressy | last2=Skeat | author-link2=T. C. Skeat | title=Scribes and Correctors of the Codex Sinaiticus | year=1938 | publisher=Trustees of the British Museum | location=London | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I4dbAAAAMAAJ }}</ref> During his investigation in Petersburg, Tischendorf enumerated 14,800 corrections in the portion which was only held in Petersburg (2/3 of the codex).<ref name="Metzger-Palaeo">{{Cite book | first=Bruce Manning | last=Metzger | author-link=Bruce Metzger | title=Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Palaeography | page=77 | year=1991 | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=Oxford | isbn=978-0-19-502924-6}}</ref> According to textual critic [[David C. Parker]], the full codex has about 23,000 corrections.{{r|Parker|p=3}} In addition to these corrections some letters were marked by dots as doubtful (e.g. ṪḢ). ===Notable omissions=== [[File:Adulterae.JPG|thumb|John 7:52–8:12 without the pericope 7:53–8:11 in ''Sinaiticus'']] The New Testament portion lacks the following passages: : <u>Omitted verses</u> :* [[Gospel of Matthew|Gospel of]] {{bibleref|Matthew|12:47}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Tischendorfianus IV|Γ]] [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]][[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|{{sup|, c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]]{{r|na26|p=32}} ::: {{bibleref|Matthew|16:2b-3}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]<ref name="text-com">{{Cite book | first=Bruce Manning | last=Metzger| author-link=Bruce M. Metzger | title=A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament | edition=2nd | year=1994 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft; United Bible Societies | location=Stuttgart | isbn=978-3-438-06010-5 }}</ref>{{rp|33}} ::: {{bibleref|Matthew|17:21}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Uncial 0281|0281]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 579|579]] [[Minuscule 892|892]]* e [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]][[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|{{sup|, c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=48}} ::: {{bibleref|Matthew|18:11}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]]* [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]]* [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 892|892]]* e [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=49}} ::: {{bibleref|Matthew|23:14}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 892|892]]* [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] aur e [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Codex Sangermanensis I|g{{sup|1}}]] vg{{sup|st, ww}} [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=65}} :* [[Gospel of Mark]] {{bibleref|Mark|7:16}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]]*{{r|text-com|p=81}} ::: {{bibleref|Mark|9:44}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]]{{r|text-com|p=86}} ::: {{bibleref|Mark|9:46}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]]{{r|text-com|p=87}} ::: {{bibleref|Mark|11:26}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Minuscule 565|565]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] [[Minuscule 892|892]] k l [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=128}} ::: {{bibleref|Mark|15:28}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=144}} ::: [[Mark 16|Mark 16:9–20]] (Long ending of the Gospel Mark) - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] arm{{r|text-com|pp=102–106}} :* [[Gospel of Luke]] {{bibleref|Luke|10:32}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' (Likely omitted due to [[haplography]] resulting from [[homeoteleuton]]; the verse was added by a later corrector in lower margin){{r|text-com|p=128}} ::: {{bibleref|Luke|17:36}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 28|28]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 565|565]]{{r|text-com|pp=142–143}} :* [[Gospel of John|Gospel of]] {{bibleref|John|5:4}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|66}} {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]]* [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]]{{sup|supp}} [[Minuscule 33]] d l q [[Latin Vulgate|vg]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|mss}}{{r|text-com|p=179}} ::: {{bibleref|John|7:53–8:11}} [[Jesus and the woman taken in adultery|(Pericope adulterae)]] - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|66}} {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus|N]] [[Codex Borgianus|T]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Monacensis (X 033)|X]] [[Codex Macedoniensis|Y]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Uncial 0141|0141]] [[Uncial 0211|0211]] [[Minuscule 22|22]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 124|124]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] [[Minuscule 209|209]] [[Minuscule 788|788]] [[Minuscule 828|828]] [[Minuscule 1230|1230]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] [[Minuscule 1253|1253]] [[Minuscule 2193|2193]] (see Image "John 7:53–8:11");{{r|text-com|pp=187–189}} :* [[Acts of the Apostles|The Book of]] {{bibleref|Acts|8:37}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{Papyrus link|45}} {{Papyrus link|74}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 614|614]] [[Vulgate|vg]] [[Peshitta|sy{{sup|p}}]][[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|{{sup|, h}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]] [[Bible translations into Geʽez|eth]]{{r|text-com|p=315}} ::: {{bibleref|Acts|15:34}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|74}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Laudianus|E]] [[Codex Angelicus|L]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] [[Minuscule 1505|1505]] [[Byzantine text-type|Byz]]{{r|na26|p=387}} ::: {{bibleref|Acts|24:7}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|74}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Mutinensis|H]] [[Codex Angelicus|L]] [[Codex Porphyrianus|P]] [[Uncial 049|049]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 1175|1175]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] p* s vg{{sup|st}} [[Coptic versions of the Bible|co]]{{r|na26|p=395}} ::: {{bibleref|Acts|28:29}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{papyrus link|74}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Laudianus|E]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Uncial 048|048]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 1175|1175]] [[Minuscule 1739|1739]] [[Minuscule 2464|2464]] s vg{{sup|st}} [[Peshitta|sy{{sup|p}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible|co]]{{r|na26|p=408}} :* [[Epistle to the Romans|Epistle of Paul to the]] {{bibleref|Romans|16:24}} - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{Papyrus link|46}} {{Papyrus link|61}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 1739|1739]] [[Minuscule 2464|2464]] [[Codex Veronensis|b]] vg{{sup|st}} [[Coptic versions of the Bible|co]]{{r|na26|p=440}} [[File:Codex Sinaiticus Matthew 6,4-32.JPG|thumb|right|220px|Page of the codex with text of Matthew 6:4–32]] : <u>Omitted phrases</u> :* [[Matthew 5:44]]: {{lang|el|εὐλογεῖτε τοὺς καταρωμένους ὑμᾶς, καλῶς ποιεῖτε τοῖς μισοῦσιν ὑμᾶς}} (''bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 205|205]] k [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}<ref name="ubs3">{{Cite book| title=The Greek New Testament | editor-first1=Kurt | editor-last1=Aland | editor1-link=Kurt Aland | editor-first2=Matthew | editor-last2=Black | editor2-link=Matthew Black | editor-first3=Carlo M. | editor-last3=Martini | editor3-link=Carlo Maria Martini | editor-first4=Bruce M. | editor-last4=Metzger | editor4-link=Bruce Metzger | editor-first5=Allen | editor-last5=Wikgren | editor5-link=Allen Wikgren | publisher=United Bible Societies | edition=3rd | location=Stuttgart |year=1983}} [UBS3]</ref>{{rp|16}} :* {{bibleref|Matthew|6:13}}: {{lang|el|ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία καὶ ἡ δύναμις καὶ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. ἀμήν}} (''For Yours is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, forever. Amen.'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Dublinensis|Z]] [[Uncial 0170|0170]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 205|205]] l547 a aur [[Codex Veronensis|b]] c [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Codex Veronensis|b]] 1 [[Latin Vulgate|vg]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Middle Egypt|meg]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}} [[Diatessaron#Diatessaron in Syriac Christianity|diat{{sup|syr}}]]{{r|ubs3|p=18}} :* {{bibleref|Matthew|10:39}}: {{lang|el|ο ευρων την ψυχην αυτου απολεσει αυτην, και}} (''Ηe who finds his life will lose it, and'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' (singular reading)<ref name="na26">{{Cite book | title=Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece | editor-first1=Kurt | editor-last1=Aland | editor1-link=Kurt Aland | editor-first2=Matthew | editor-last2=Black | editor2-link=Matthew Black | editor-first3=Carlo M. | editor-last3=Martini | editor3-link=Carlo Maria Martini | editor-first4=Bruce M. | editor-last4=Metzger | editor4-link=Bruce Metzger | editor-first5=Allen | editor-last5=Wikgren | editor5-link=Allen Wikgren | year=1981 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelstiftung | location=Stuttgart | isbn=3-438-051001 | edition=26}} [NA26]</ref>{{rp|26}} :* {{bibleref|Matthew|15:6}}: {{lang|el|η την μητερα}} ({{lang|el|αυτου}}) (''or (his) mother'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] c [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] {{r|na26|p=41}} :* {{bibleref|Matthew|20:23}}: {{lang|el|και το βαπτισμα ο εγω βαπτιζομαι βαπτισθησεσθε}} (''and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Dublinensis|Z]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Uncial 085|084]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Vetus Latina|lat]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]][[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|{{sup|, c}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}{{r|na26|p=56}} :* {{bibleref|Matthew|23:35}}: {{lang|el|υιου βαραχιου}} (''son of Barachi'ah'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Minuscule 59|59]]* [[Lectionary 6|'''ℓ''' ''6'']] [[Lectionary 13|'''ℓ''' ''13'']] [[Lectionary 185|'''ℓ''' ''185'']], [[Eusebius|Eus]]<ref>{{cite book | last=Scrivener | first=Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link=Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener | author2=Edward Miller | title=A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | edition=4 | volume=1 | page=342 | year=1894 | publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] | location=London | title-link=A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament }}</ref> :* {{bibleref|Mark|1:1}}: {{lang|el|υιου θεου}} (''the Son of God'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Minuscule 28|28]]{{sup|c}} [[Lectionary 2211|'''ℓ''' ''2211'']] [[Peshitta|sy{{sup|p}}]] sa{{sup|ms}} arm geo{{sup|1}}{{r|ubs3|p=118}} :* {{bibleref|Mark|10:7}}: {{lang|el|και προσκολληθησεται προς την γυναικα αυτου}} (''and be joined to his wife'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Minuscule 892|892]] [[Lectionary 48|'''ℓ''' ''48'']] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] goth{{r|ubs3|p=164}} :* {{bibleref|Luke|9:55-56}}: {{lang|el|καὶ εἶπεν, Οὐκ οἴδατε ποίου πνεύματος ἐστὲ ὑμεῖς; ὁ γὰρ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἦλθεν ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων ἀπολέσαι ἀλλὰ σῶσαι}} (''and He said: "You do not know what manner of spirit you are of; for the Son of man came not to destroy men's lives but to save them'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{Papyrus link|45}} {{Papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Vaticanus|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Codex Zacynthius|Ξ]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] [[Minuscule 892|892]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible|sy]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{r|na26|p=190}} :* {{bibleref|John|4:9}}: {{lang|el|ου γαρ συνχρωνται Ιουδαιοι Σαμαριταις}} (''Jews have no dealings with Samaritans'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] [[Codex Veronensis|b]] [[Codex Palatinus|e]] [[Codex Purpureus Sarzanensis|j]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Middle Egypt|fay]] ({{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}{{sup|c}} includes the phrase){{r|ubs3|p=333}} {{r|na26|p=256}} Some passages/phrases were excluded by the correctors: [[File:Codex Sinaiticus John 21,7.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Additional phrase to John 21:6 on the margin – οι δε ειπον δι οληϲ τηϲ νυκτοϲ εκοπιαϲαμεν και ουδεν ελαβομεν επι δε τω ϲω ρηματι βαλουμεν]] :* {{bibleref|Matthew|24:36}}: {{lang|el|ουδε ο υιος}} (''nor the Son'') - included by the original scribe (as also in [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 28|28]] [[Minuscule 1505|1505]] [[Lectionary 547|'''ℓ''' ''547'']] [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] aur [[Codex Veronensis|b]] c d f [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Codex Corbeiensis II|ff{{sup|2}}]] h q r [[Latin Vulgate|vg]]{{sup|mss}} [[Peshitta|sy{{sup|p}}]] arm [[Bible translations into Geʽez|eth]] geo{{sup|1}} [[Diatessaron|Diat]]), marked by the first corrector (a) as doubtful (omitted also in [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] [[Minuscule 579|579]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] [[Minuscule 892|892]] [[Minuscule 1424|1424]] and majority of manuscripts), but the second corrector (b) removed the mark.{{r|ubs3|p=95}} :* {{bibleref|Mark|10:40}}: {{lang|el|υπο του πατρος μου}} (''by my Father'') - included by the original scribe (as also in [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 205|205]] [[Minuscule 1071|1071]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] [[Minuscule 1505|1505]] [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] r1 [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|h(mg)}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|ms}} [[Bible translations into Geʽez|eth]]), marked by the first corrector as doubtful (omitted also in [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] and majority of manuscripts), but the second corrector removed the mark.{{r|ubs3|p=163}} :* {{bibleref|Luke|11:4}}: {{lang|el|ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ}} (''but deliver us from evil'') - included by the original scribe (as also in [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Family 13|ƒ{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 28|28]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] and majority of manuscripts), marked by the first corrector as doubtful (omitted also in {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Minuscule 1|1]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] [[Minuscule 1342|1342]] [[Latin Vulgate|vg]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}} arm geo), but the third corrector (c) removed the mark.{{r|ubs3|p=248}} :* {{bibleref|Luke|22:43–44}}: ([[Christ's agony at Gethsemane]]) – included by the original scribe (as also in [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Sangallensis 48|Δ]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Uncial 0233|0233]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 157|157]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] and majority of manuscripts), marked by the first corrector as doubtful (omitted also in {{papyrus link|69}}{{sup|(vid)}} {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus|N]] [[Codex Borgianus|T]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Minuscule 579|579]] f [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}} arm geo), but the third corrector removed the mark.{{r|ubs3|p=305}} :* [[Sayings of Jesus on the cross#Father forgive them, for they know not what they do|Luke 23:34a]]: ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν Πάτερ ἄφες αὐτοῖς οὐ γὰρ οἴδασιν τί ποιοῦσιν (''Then Jesus said, 'Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do''') – included by the original scribe (as also in [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Bezae|D]]{{sup|2}} [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Uncial 0250|0250]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 33|33]] and majority of manuscripts), marked by the first corrector as doubtful (omitted also in {{papyrus link|75}} [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]]* [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Uncial 070|070]] [[Minuscule 579|579]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]] [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]]{{sup|pt}}), but a third corrector removed the mark.{{r|na26|p=239}} === Additions === [[Matthew 8:13]] (see {{bibleref|Luke|7:10}}) : {{lang|el|καὶ ὑποστρέψας ὁ ἑκατόνταρχος εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὦρᾳ εὗρεν τὸν παῖδα ὑγιαίνοντα}} (''and when the centurion returned to the house in that hour, he found the slave well'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] ([[Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus|N]]) [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] ([[Uncial 0250|0250]]) [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] ([[Minuscule 33|33]] [[Minuscule 1241|1241]]) [[Codex Sangermanensis I|g{{sup|1}}]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|h}}]]{{r|na26|p=18}} [[Matthew 10:12]] (see {{bibleref|Luke|10:5}}) : {{lang|el|λέγοντες εἰρήνη τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ}} (''say peace to be this house'' - the reading was deleted by the first corrector, but the second corrector restored it) - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}{{sup|1}}''' [[Codex Bezae|D]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]] [[Family 1|ƒ{{sup|1}}]] [[Minuscule 22|22]] [[Minuscule 1010|1010]] ([[Minuscule 1424|1424]]) it vg{{sup|cl}}.<ref>''[[Editio octava critica maior]]'', p. 49</ref>{{r|na26|p=24}} [[Matthew 27:49]] (see {{bibleref|John|19:34}}) : {{lang|el|ἄλλος δὲ λαβὼν λόγχην ἔνυξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν πλευράν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ὕδορ καὶ αἷμα}} (''the other took a spear and pierced His side, and immediately came out water and blood'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus|B]] [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]].{{r|text-com|p=59}} === Unique and other textual variants === [[File:Codex Sinaiticus Paralipomenon 9,27-10,11.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Page from facsimile edition (1862); 1 Chr 9:27–10:11]] [[Matthew 7:22]] : {{lang|el|πολλα}} (''numerous'' - "and cast out '''numerous''' demons in your name?") - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading){{r|na26|p=17}} [[Matthew 8:12]] : {{lang|el|ἐξελεύσονται}} (''will go out'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Uncial 0250|0250]] [[Codex Bobiensis|k]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible|sy]] arm [[Diatessaron]].{{r|ubs3|p=26}} [[Matthew 13:54]] : {{lang|el|εις την αντιπατριδα αυτου}} (''to his own [[Antipatris]]'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading) {{bibleref|Acts|8:5}} : {{lang|el|εις την πολιν της}} [[Caesarea Maritima|Καισαριας]] (''to the city of [[Caesarea Maritima|Caesarea]]'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading). [[Matthew 16:12]] : {{lang|el|της ζυμης των αρτων των Φαρισαιων και Σαδδουκαιων}} (''leaven of bread of the Pharisees and Sadducees'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Corbeiensis I|ff{{sup|1}}]] [[Curetonian Gospels|sy{{sup|c}}]] {{bibleref|Luke|1:26}} : {{lang|el|Ιουδαιας}} (''Judaea'') – '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading) {{bibleref|Luke|2:37}} : {{lang|el|εβδομηκοντα}} (''seventy'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading){{r|na26|p=158}} {{bibleref|John|1:28}} : {{lang|el|Βηθαραβα}} (''Betharaba'' - a correction by the second corrector; originally reads Βηθανια (''Bethany'') ) - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Minuscule 892|892]] [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|h(mg)}}]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bibletranslation.ws/trans/john.pdf |title=BibleTranslation.ws |access-date=4 February 2010}}</ref> {{bibleref|John|1:34}} : {{lang|el|ὁ ἐκλεκτός}} (''chosen one'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' {{Papyrus link|5}} {{Papyrus link|106}} [[Codex Veronensis|b]] [[Codex Laudianus|e]] [[Codex Corbeiensis II|ff{{sup|2}}]] [[Curetonian Gospels|sy{{sup|c}}]][[Syriac Sinaiticus|{{sup|, s}}]] {{bibleref|John|2:3}} : {{lang|el|οινον ουκ ειχον οτι συνετελεσθη ο οινος του γαμου}} (''they had no wine, because the wine of the marriage feast was finished'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vercellensis|a]] [[Codex Purpureus Sarzanensis|j]] {{bibleref|John|6:10}} : {{lang|el|τρισχιλιοι}} (''three thousands'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}*''' (singular reading). Amended to {{lang|el|πεντακισχιλιοι}} (''five thousand'') by the second corrector.{{r|na26|p=264}} {{bibleref|Acts|11:20}} : {{lang|el|εὐαγγελιστας}} (''Evangelists'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading){{r|Scrivener|p=47}} {{bibleref|Acts|14:9}} : {{lang|el|ουκ ηκουσεν}} (''not heard'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading){{r|Scrivener|p=47}} {{bibleref|Hebrews|2:4}} : {{lang|el|θερισμοις}} (''harvests'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' (singular reading){{r|Scrivener|p=47}} {{bibleref|1 Peter|5:13}} : {{lang|el|εκκλησια}} (''Church'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Vulgate|vg]]{{sup|mss}} [[Peshitta|sy{{sup|p}}]]{{r|Scrivener|p=47}} {{bibleref|2 Timothy|4:10}} : {{lang|el|Γαλλιαν}} (''Gaul'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus|C]] [[Minuscule 81|81]] [[Minuscule 104|104]] [[Minuscule 326|326]] [[Minuscule 436|436]]{{r|ubs3|p=737}} === Variants in agreement with the "majority text" === {{bibleref|Mark|10:19}} : {{lang|el|μη αποστερησης}} (''do not defraud'') ::incl. - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' [[Codex Vaticanus|B]]{{sup|(c2)}} Majority of manuscripts ::omit - [[Codex Vaticanus|B*]] [[Codex Cyprius|K]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Athous Lavrensis|Ψ]] [[Family 1|''f''{{sup|1}}]] [[Family 13|''f''{{sup|13}}]] [[Minuscule 28|28]] [[Minuscule 700|700]] 1010 1079 1242 1546 2148 [[Lectionary 10|'''ℓ''' ''10'']] [[Lectionary 950|'''ℓ''' ''950'']] '''ℓ''' ''1642'' '''ℓ''' ''1761'' [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Old Syriac version|sy{{sup|s}}]] arm geo.{{r|ubs3|p=165}} {{bibleref|Mark|13:33}} :{{lang|el|και προσευχεσθε}} (''and pray'') ::incl. - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' Majority of manuscripts ::omit - [[Codex Vaticanus|B]] [[Codex Bezae|D]].{{r|na26|p=136}} {{bibleref|Luke|8:48}} :{{lang|el|θυγατερ}} (''daughter'') - '''{{larger|{{script|Hebr|א}}}}''' Majority of manuscripts :{{lang|el|θυγατηρ}} (''daughter'') - [[Codex Vaticanus|B]] [[Codex Cyprius|K]] [[Codex Regius (New Testament)|L]] [[Codex Washingtonianus|W]] [[Codex Koridethi|Θ]].{{r|na26|p=184}} === Orthodox-Belief supporting reading === {{bibleref|1 John|5:6}} : δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος (''through water and blood and spirit'') - also in [[Codex Alexandrinus|A]] [[Minuscule 104|104]] [[Minuscule 424|424{{sup|c}}]] [[Minuscule 614|614]] [[Minuscule 1739|1739{{sup|c}}]] [[Minuscule 2412|2412]] [[Minuscule 2495|2495]] '''ℓ''' ''598''{{sup|m}} [[Syriac versions of the Bible#Later Syriac versions|sy{{sup|h}}]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Sahidic|sa]] [[Coptic versions of the Bible#Bohairic|bo]] [[Origen]].{{r|ubs3|p=823}} <ref group="n">For other variants in this verse see: [[Textual variants in the New Testament#First Epistle of John|Textual variants in the First Epistle of John]].</ref> [[Bart D. Ehrman]] says this was a corrupt reading from a proto-orthodox scribe,<ref>{{Cite book | first=Bart D. | last=Ehrman | author-link=Bart D. Ehrman | title=The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture | page=60 | year=1993 | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=Oxford}}</ref> although this conclusion has not gained wide support.<ref>See for instance, {{Cite book | first1=Magnus | last1=Zetterholm | first2=Samuel | last2=Byrskog | contributor-first=Tommy | contributor-last=Wasserman | contribution=Misquoting Manuscripts? The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture Revisited | title=The Making of Christianity: Conflicts, Contacts, and Constructions: Essays in Honor of Bengt Holmberg | pages=325–350 | year=2012 | publisher=Eisenbrauns | location =Indiana | isbn=978-1575068176}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. 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