Vienna

== Economy==
[[File:Messe Wien 01.jpg|thumb|Messe Wien Congress Center]]
[[File:Wien - Austria Center.JPG|thumb|Austria Center Vienna (ACV)]]
Vienna generates 28.6% of Austria's [[gross domestic product]] (GDP). 
The service sector dominates Vienna's economy. The average unemployment rate in Vienna is 4.9% and the private service sector provides 75% of all jobs.<ref name="Taylor & Francis">{{cite book| author1= Leo van den Berg | author2= Erik Braun  |title= Growth Clusters in European Metropolitan Cities |publisher= Taylor & Francis |year= 2017 |page= |isbn= 9781351739665 }}</ref> The city improved its position from 2012 on the ranking of the most economically powerful cities reaching number nine on the listing in 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.citylab.com/work/2011/09/25-most-economically-powerful-cities-world/109/#slide21 |title=The 25 Most Economically Powerful Cities in the World |newspaper=Bloomberg |publisher=The Atlantic CityLab |date=15 September 2011 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=3 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203195432/http://www.citylab.com/work/2011/09/25-most-economically-powerful-cities-world/109/#slide21 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.citylab.com/work/2015/03/sorry-london-new-york-is-the-worlds-most-economically-powerful-city/386315 |title=Sorry, London: New York Is the World's Most Economically Powerful City |newspaper=Bloomberg |publisher=The Atlantic CityLab |date=3 March 2015 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=27 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160627222624/http://www.citylab.com/work/2015/03/sorry-london-new-york-is-the-worlds-most-economically-powerful-city/386315/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Of the top 500 Austrian firms measured by [[revenue|turnover]] 203 are headquartered in Vienna.<ref name="Taylor & Francis"/> The number of international businesses in Vienna is growing. In 2014 159 and in 2015 175 international firms established offices in Vienna.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/betriebe/ansiedlungsrekord.html |title=Wieder Rekordergebnis bei Betriebsansiedlungen |publisher=Vienna City Administration |language=de |access-date=21 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822210628/https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/betriebe/ansiedlungsrekord.html |archive-date=22 August 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Since the [[fall of the Iron Curtain]] in 1989, Vienna has expanded its position as gateway to Eastern Europe. 300 international companies have their Eastern European headquarters in Vienna and its environs. Among them are [[Hewlett-Packard]], [[Henkel]], [[Baxalta]] and [[Siemens]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://investinaustria.at/en/downloads/brochures/headquarters-2015.pdf |title=Headquarters Location Austria |publisher=Austrian Business Agency |date=December 2014 |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232322/http://investinaustria.at/en/downloads/brochures/headquarters-2015.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Approximately 8,300 new companies have been founded in Vienna every year since 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wko.at/statistik/jahrbuch/ng-bundeslaender.pdf |title=Unternehmensgründungen nach Bundesländern |publisher=Austrian Chamber of Commerce |language=de |date=July 2015 |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201217/http://wko.at/statistik/jahrbuch/ng-bundeslaender.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The majority of these companies are operating in fields of industry-oriented services, wholesale trade as well as information and communications technologies and new media.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/statistik/wirtschaft/volkswirtschaft/ |title=Volkswirtschaft – Statistiken |publisher=Vienna City Administration |language=de |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-date=5 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905185013/https://www.wien.gv.at/statistik/wirtschaft/volkswirtschaft/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Vienna makes effort to establish itself as a start-up hub. Since 2012, the city hosts the annual Pioneers Festival, the largest start-up event in Central Europe with 2,500 international participants taking place at [[Hofburg Palace]]. Tech Cocktail, an online portal for the start-up scene, has ranked Vienna sixth among the top ten start-up cities worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/english/politics/international/competition/start-up-city.html |title=Vienna among top ten start-up cities worldwide |publisher=Vienna City Administration |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601212424/https://www.wien.gv.at/english/politics/international/competition/start-up-city.html |archive-date=1 June 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://pioneers.io/festival2015 |title=Pioneers Festival |publisher=JFDI GmbH |access-date=13 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015202655/http://pioneers.io/festival2015/ |archive-date=15 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://tech.co/top-startup-cities-where-entrepreneurs-want-to-meet-up-2015-02 |title=Top 10 Startup Cities Where Entrepreneurs Want to Meet Up |publisher=Tech.Co |date=2 February 2015 |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-date=30 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930061348/http://tech.co/top-startup-cities-where-entrepreneurs-want-to-meet-up-2015-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The cultivation and production of wines within the city borders have a high socio-cultural value.

===Research and development===
A major R&D sector in Vienna are life sciences. The Vienna Life Science Cluster is Austria's major hub for life science research, education and business. Throughout Vienna, five universities and several basic research institutes form the academic core of the hub with more than 12,600 employees and 34,700 students. Here, more than 480 medical device, [[biotechnology]] and [[Pharmaceutical industry|pharmaceutical companies]] with almost 23,000 employees generate around 12&nbsp;billion euros in revenue (2017). This corresponds to more than 50% of the revenue generated by life science companies in Austria (22.4&nbsp;billion euros).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lisavienna.at/life-sciences-in-vienna/interesting-facts/ |title=Interesting Facts |website=LISAvienna – life science austria |language=en |access-date=10 October 2019 |archive-date=3 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103130446/https://www.lisavienna.at/life-sciences-in-vienna/interesting-facts/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lifescienceaustria.at/ |title=Home- LISA: Advancing Austrian life science at the heart of Europe |website=LISA: Advancing Austrian life science |language=en |access-date=10 October 2019 |archive-date=3 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103130446/https://www.lifescienceaustria.at/ |url-status=live }}</ref>{{update inline|date=February 2022}}

Vienna is home to global players like [[Boehringer Ingelheim]], [[Octapharma]], [[Ottobock]] and [[Takeda Pharmaceutical Company]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.lisavienna.at/fileadmin/user_upload/LISAvienna/Downloads/LISAvienna_Highlights_Spring_and_Summer_2019.pdf |title=Vienna Highlights Spring & Summer 2019 |last=LISAvienna |access-date=10 October 2019 |archive-date=10 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010113213/https://www.lisavienna.at/fileadmin/user_upload/LISAvienna/Downloads/LISAvienna_Highlights_Spring_and_Summer_2019.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> However, there is also a growing number of start-up companies in the life sciences and Vienna was ranked first in the 2019 PeoplePerHour Startup Cities Index.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisoncoleman/2019/09/10/why-vienna-is-the-best-place-to-start-a-business/ |title=Why Vienna Is The Best Place To Start A Business |last=Coleman |first=Alison |website=Forbes |language=en |access-date=10 October 2019 |archive-date=10 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010113211/https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisoncoleman/2019/09/10/why-vienna-is-the-best-place-to-start-a-business/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Companies such as Apeiron Biologics, Hookipa Pharma, Marinomed, mySugr, Themis Bioscience and Valneva operate a presence in Vienna and regularly hit the headlines internationally.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisoncoleman/2019/09/10/why-vienna-is-the-best-place-to-start-a-business/ |title=Focusing on Life Sciences in Vienna |last1=Halwachs |first1=Peter |date=Spring 2019 |work=European Biotechnology |access-date=10 October 2019 |last2=Sarx |first2=Johannes |archive-date=10 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010113211/https://www.forbes.com/sites/alisoncoleman/2019/09/10/why-vienna-is-the-best-place-to-start-a-business/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Vienna also houses the headquarters of the [[Central European Diabetes Association]], a cooperative international medical research association.

To facilitate tapping the economic potential of the multiple facettes of the life sciences at Austria's capital, the Austrian [[Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs]] and the local government of City of Vienna have joined forces: Since 2002, the LISAvienna platform is available as a central contact point. It provides free business support services at the interface of the Austrian federal promotional bank, Austria Wirtschaftsservice and the Vienna Business Agency and collects data that inform policy making.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lisavienna.at/ |title=LISAvienna – Connecting Life Sciences |website=LISAvienna – life science austria |language=en |access-date=10 October 2019 |archive-date=24 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224173832/https://www.lisavienna.at/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The main academic hot spots in Vienna are the Life Science Center Muthgasse with the [[University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna|University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)]], the [[Austrian Institute of Technology]], the [[University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna|University of Veterinary Medicine]], the [[AKH Vienna]] with the [[Medical University Vienna|MedUni Vienna]] and the [[Vienna Biocenter]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lisavienna.at/sites/default/files/vienna-life-science-report_2013-14_web.pdf |title=Vienna Life Science Report |publisher=LISA vienna |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070806/http://lisavienna.at/sites/default/files/vienna-life-science-report_2013-14_web.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Central European University]], a graduate institution expelled from Budapest in the midst of a Hungarian government steps to take control of academic and research organizations, welcomes the first class of students to its new Vienna campus in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=CEU Receives Austrian Accreditation |url=https://www.ceu.edu/article/2019-07-13/ceu-receives-austrian-accreditation |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816065750/https://www.ceu.edu/article/2019-07-13/ceu-receives-austrian-accreditation |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Information technologies===
The Viennese sector for information and communication technologies is comparable in size with the sector in [[Helsinki]], [[Milan]] or [[Munich]] and thus among Europe's largest IT locations. In 2012 8,962 IT businesses with a workforce of 64,223 were located in the Vienna Region. The main products are instruments and appliances for measuring, testing and navigation as well as electronic components. More than ⅔ of the enterprises provide IT services. Among the biggest IT firms in Vienna are [[Kapsch]], [[Beko]] Engineering & Informatics, air traffic control experts [[Frequentis]], [[Cisco Systems]] Austria, [[Hewlett-Packard]], [[Microsoft]] Austria, [[IBM]] Austria and [[Samsung Electronics]] Austria.<ref name="Vienna City Administration Municipal Department 23 Economic Affairs, Labour and Statistic-2015">{{cite book |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/standort/pdf/vienna-digital-city-en.pdf |title=Vienna Digital City |publisher=Vienna City Administration Municipal Department 23 Economic Affairs, Labour and Statistic |date=March 2015 |access-date=13 October 2015 |isbn=9783901945175 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222081223/https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/standort/pdf/vienna-digital-city-en.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="KMU Forschung Austria and Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft-2007">{{cite web |url=https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/standort/pdf/ikt.pdf |title=IKT Standort Wien im Vergleich Endbericht |language=de |publisher=KMU Forschung Austria and Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft |date=December 2007 |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-date=22 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222101559/https://www.wien.gv.at/wirtschaft/standort/pdf/ikt.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The US technology corporation [[Cisco Systems|Cisco]] runs its ''Entrepreneurs in Residence'' program for Europe in Vienna in cooperation with the Vienna Business Agency.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://viennabusinessagency.at/news/zweite-runde-fuer-cisco-start-up-programm-16/ |title=International start-ups in Vienna |publisher=Vienna Business Agency |access-date=13 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216070054/https://viennabusinessagency.at/news/zweite-runde-fuer-cisco-start-up-programm-16/ |archive-date=16 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://eir.cisco.com/program/ |title=Cisco Entrepreneurs in Residence |publisher=Cisco Systems |access-date=13 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009045605/https://eir.cisco.com/program/ |archive-date=9 October 2015}}</ref>

The British company [[UBM plc|UBM]] has rated Vienna one of the ''Top 10 Internet Cities'' worldwide, by analyzing criteria like connection speed, WiFi availability, innovation spirit and open government data.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ubmfuturecities.com/document.asp?doc_id=525595 |title=Discover the World's Greatest Internet Cities |publisher=UBM LLC |date=26 August 2013 |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905052917/http://www.ubmfuturecities.com/document.asp?doc_id=525595 |archive-date=5 September 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Conferences===
In 2022 the [[International Congress and Convention Association|International Congress and Convention Association (ICCA)]] ranked Vienna 1st in the world for association meetings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2023 |title=The welcome return of the ICCA Country – and City – Rankings for 2022 |url=https://www.iccaworld.org/news/post/the-welcome-return-of-the-icca-country-and-city-rankings-for-2022/ |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=www.iccaworld.org |language=en-us}}</ref> The Union of International Associations (UIA) ranked Vienna 5th in the world for 2019 with 306 international meetings, behind Singapore, Brussels, Seoul and Paris.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vienna takes fifth place in global UIA congress statistics |url=https://www.vienna.convention.at/en/press/news-en/uia-2019-platz-5-362238 |access-date=31 May 2021 |website=Vienna Convention Bureau |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622090022/https://www.vienna.convention.at/en/press/news-en/uia-2019-platz-5-362238 |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's largest conference center, the Austria Center Vienna (ACV) has a total capacity for around 22,800 people and is situated next to the [[United Nations Office at Vienna]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.acv.at/index.en.html |title=Austria Center Vienna |publisher=Austria Center Vienna |access-date=13 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204202737/https://www.acv.at/index.en.html |archive-date=4 February 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Other centers are the Messe Wien Exhibition & Congress Center (up to 3,000 people) and the Hofburg Palace (up to 4,900 people).

===Tourism===
There were 17.3 million overnight stays in Vienna in 2023. The top ten incoming markets in 2023 were [[Germany]], the rest of [[Austria]], the [[United States]], [[Italy]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Spain]], [[France]], [[Poland]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Romania]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ankünfte & Nächtigungen 2023 |url=https://b2b.wien.info/de/statistik/daten/ankuenfte-naechtigungen-2023-444984 |access-date=19 March 2024 |website=b2b.wien.info |language=de}}</ref>