Sleep deprivation

===Sleep transition===
Sleep propensity (SP) can be defined as the readiness to transition from wakefulness to sleep or the ability to stay asleep if already sleeping.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Schulz H, Bes E, Jobert M | chapter = Modelling sleep propensity and sleep disturbances. | title = Sleep—Wake Disorders | date = 1998 | pages = 11–26 | location = Boston, MA | publisher = Springer US | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4899-0245-0_2 | isbn = 978-1-4899-0247-4 }}</ref> Sleep deprivation increases this propensity, which can be measured by polysomnography (PSG) as a reduction in sleep latency (the time needed to fall asleep).<ref name="Durmer2005">{{cite journal | vauthors = Durmer JS, Dinges DF | title = Neurocognitive consequences of sleep deprivation | journal = Seminars in Neurology | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 117–129 | date = March 2005 | pmid = 15798944 | pmc = 3564638 | doi = 10.1055/s-2005-867080 }}</ref> An indicator of sleep propensity can also be seen in the shortening of the transition from light stages of non-REM sleep to deeper slow-wave oscillations.<ref name="Durmer2005" />

On average, the latency in healthy adults decreases by a few minutes after a night without sleep, and the latency from sleep onset to slow-wave sleep is halved.<ref name="Durmer2005" /> Sleep latency is generally measured with the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). In contrast, the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) also uses sleep latency, but this time as a measure of the capacity of the participants to stay awake (when asked to) instead of falling asleep.<ref name="Durmer2005" />
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