Evangelicalism

==Global statistics==
[[File:Église Baptiste le Rocher Lomé culte.jpg |300px|thumb|right| [[Worship service (evangelicalism)|Worship service]] at The Rock Baptist Church of [[Lomé]], member of the [[Togo Baptist Convention]].]]
According to a 2011 [[Pew Forum]] study on global Christianity, 285,480,000 or 13.1 percent of all Christians are Evangelicals.<ref name="PewGlobalChristianity67">{{Citation |title=Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population |date=December 19, 2011 |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/12/19/global-christianity-exec/ |publisher=[[Pew Forum]] on Religion and Public Life}}</ref>{{rp|17}} These figures do not include the Pentecostalism and Charismatic movements. The study states that the category "Evangelicals" should not be considered as a separate category of "Pentecostal and Charismatic" categories, since some believers consider themselves in both movements where their church is affiliated with an Evangelical association.<ref name=PewGlobalChristianity67/>{{rp|18}}

In 2015, the [[World Evangelical Alliance]] is "a network of churches in 129 nations that have each formed an Evangelical alliance and over 100 international organizations joining together to give a world-wide identity, voice, and platform to more than 600 million Evangelical Christians".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldea.org/whoweare/introduction |title=WEA |year=2015 |website=[[World Evangelical Alliance]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315215206/http://www.worldea.org/whoweare/introduction |archive-date=March 15, 2015 |access-date=March 15, 2015}}</ref><ref>Brian Stiller, ''Evangelicals Around the World: A Global Handbook for the 21st Century'', Thomas Nelson, USA, 2015, p. 5</ref> The Alliance was formed in 1951 by Evangelicals from 21 countries. It has worked to support its members to work together globally.

According to [[Sébastien Fath]] of [[CNRS]], in 2016, there are 619 million Evangelicals in the world, one in four Christians.<ref name="CNRS">Loup Besmond de Senneville, la-croix.com, [https://www.la-croix.com/Religion/Monde/Dans-monde-chretien-quatre-evangelique-2016-01-25-1200735150 Dans le monde, un chrétien sur quatre est évangélique] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111041849/https://www.la-croix.com/Religion/Monde/Dans-monde-chretien-quatre-evangelique-2016-01-25-1200735150 |date=November 11, 2017 }}, France, January 25, 2016</ref> In 2017, about 630 million, an increase of 11&nbsp;million, including Pentecostals.<ref>CNEF, [https://lecnef.org/statistiques-internationales/1152-les-evangeliques-dans-le-monde-statistiques-globales-2017 GLOBAL STATISTICS 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040034/https://lecnef.org/statistiques-internationales/1152-les-evangeliques-dans-le-monde-statistiques-globales-2017 |date=December 1, 2017 }}, lecnef.org, France, accessed November 18, 2017</ref>

Operation World estimates the number of Evangelicals at 545.9&nbsp;million, which makes for 7.9 percent of the world's population.<ref name="ow">{{Cite web|url=http://www.operationworld.org/wrld|title=World &#124; Operation World|website=www.operationworld.org}}</ref> From 1960 to 2000, the global growth of the number of reported Evangelicals grew three times the world's population rate, and twice that of Islam.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Milne |first=Bruce |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W_ttliPuhjQC&q=%22population+rate%22+%22growth+rate%22+of+evangelical |title=Know the Truth: A Handbook of Christian Belief |publisher=InterVarsity Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-83082-576-9 |page=332 |access-date=August 31, 2014}}</ref> According to Operation World, the Evangelical population's current annual growth rate is 2.6 percent, still more than twice the world's population growth rate.<ref name="ow" />

===Africa===

In the 21st century, there are Evangelical churches active in many African countries. They have grown especially since independence came in the 1960s,<ref>{{Citation |last=Freston |first=Paul |title=Evangelicals and Politics in Asia, Africa and Latin America |pages=107–90 |year=2004}}.</ref> the strongest movements are based on [[Pentecostal]] beliefs. There is a wide range of theology and organizations, including some international movements.

==== Nigeria ====
[[File: Noah's Ark Auditorium.jpg|thumb|right|Worship service at Noah's Ark Auditorium, affiliated to the [[Full Life Christian Centre]], in 2019, in [[Uyo]], Nigeria]]
In [[Nigeria]] the [[Evangelical Church of West Africa|Evangelical Church Winning All]] (formerly "Evangelical Church of West Africa") is the largest church organization with five thousand congregations and over ten million members. It sponsors three seminaries and eight Bible colleges, and 1600 missionaries who serve in Nigeria and other countries with the Evangelical Missionary Society (EMS). There have been serious confrontations since 1999 between Muslims and Christians standing in opposition to the expansion of Sharia law in northern Nigeria. The confrontation has radicalized and politicized the Christians. Violence has been escalating.{{sfn|Ranger|2008|pp=37–66}}{{clarify|date=February 2018}}

==== Ethiopia and Eritrea ====
In [[Ethiopia]], [[Eritrea]], and the [[Ethiopians|Ethiopian]] and [[Eritreans|Eritrean]] diaspora, [[P'ent'ay]] (from [[Ge'ez]]: ጴንጤ), also known as Ethiopian–Eritrean Evangelicalism, or Wenigēlawī (from [[Ge'ez]]: ወንጌላዊ – which directly translates to "Evangelical") are terms used for Evangelical Christians and other [[Eastern Protestant Christianity|Eastern/Oriental-oriented Protestant Christians]] within [[Ethiopia]] and [[Eritrea]], and the [[Ethiopians|Ethiopian]] and [[Eritreans|Eritrean]] diaspora abroad.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=The peace-making Pentecostal |url=https://www.eternitynews.com.au/opinion/the-peace-making-pentecostal/,%20https://www.eternitynews.com.au/opinion/the-peace-making-pentecostal/ |access-date=September 21, 2020 |website=www.eternitynews.com.au |date=October 15, 2019 |language=en-AU}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Ethiopian Culture – Religion |url=http://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/ethiopian-culture/ethiopian-culture-religion |access-date=December 2, 2020 |website=Cultural Atlas |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bryan |first=Jack |title=Ethiopia Grants Autonomy to Evangelical Heartland |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/news/2019/december/sidama-referendum-ethiopia-evangelicals-hawassa-snnpr.html |access-date=December 2, 2020 |website=News & Reporting |date=December 4, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Prominent movements among them have been [[Pentecostalism]] ([[Ethiopian Full Gospel Believers' Church]]), the [[Baptists|Baptist]] tradition ([[Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church]]), [[Lutheranism]] ([[Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus]] and [[Evangelical Lutheran Church of Eritrea]]), and the [[Mennonites|Mennonite]]-[[Anabaptism|Anabaptist]] tradition ([[Meserete Kristos Church]]).<ref name=":6">{{cite web |title=Current Influences and connections of western and Ethiopian churches |url=http://www.worldmap.org/maps/other/profiles/ethiopia/ET.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231751/http://www.worldmap.org/maps/other/profiles/ethiopia/ET.pdf |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=March 22, 2016 |website=worldmap.org}}</ref>

==== Kenya ====
In [[Kenya]], mainstream Evangelical denominations have taken the lead{{dubious|date=May 2013}} in promoting political activism and backers, with the smaller Evangelical sects of less importance. [[Daniel arap Moi]] was president 1978 to 2002 and claimed to be an Evangelical; he proved intolerant of dissent or pluralism or decentralization of power.{{sfn|Ranger|2008|pp=66–94}}

==== South Africa ====
[[File:AFM Word And Life Boksburg worship.jpg|thumb|260px|Worship at the Word and Life Church in [[Boksburg]], South Africa]]
The [[Berlin Missionary Society]] (BMS) was one of four German Protestant mission societies active in South Africa before 1914. It emerged from the German tradition of Pietism after 1815 and sent its first missionaries to South Africa in 1834. There were few positive reports in the early years, but it was especially active 1859–1914. It was especially strong in the Boer republics. The World War cut off contact with Germany, but the missions continued at a reduced pace. After 1945 the missionaries had to deal with decolonization across Africa and especially with the apartheid government. At all times the BMS emphasized spiritual inwardness, and values such as morality, hard work and self-discipline. It proved unable to speak and act decisively against injustice and racial discrimination and was disbanded in 1972.<ref>{{Citation |last=Pakendorf |first=Gunther |title=A Brief History of the Berlin Mission Society in South Africa |journal=History Compass |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=106–18 |year=2011 |doi=10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00624.x}}.</ref>

==== Malawi ====
Since 1974, young professionals have been the active proselytizers of Evangelicalism in the cities of Malawi.<ref>{{Citation |last=van Dijk |first=Richard A |title=Young Puritan Preachers in Post-Independence Malawi |journal=Africa |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=159–81 |year=1992 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |doi=10.2307/1160453 |jstor=1160453 |hdl=1887/9406|s2cid=145118669 |hdl-access=free }}.</ref>

==== Mozambique ====
In Mozambique, Evangelical Protestant Christianity emerged around 1900 from black migrants whose converted previously in South Africa. They were assisted by European missionaries, but, as industrial workers, they paid for their own churches and proselytizing. They prepared southern Mozambique for the spread of Evangelical Protestantism. During its time as a colonial power in Mozambique, the Catholic Portuguese government tried to counter the spread of Evangelical Protestantism.<ref>{{Citation |last=Harries |first=Patrick |title=Christianity in Black and White: The Establishment of Protestant Churches in Southern Mozambique |work=Lusotopie |pages=317–33 |year=1988}}.</ref>

====East African Revival====
{{main|East African Revival}}
The East African Revival was a renewal movement within Evangelical churches in East Africa during the late 1920s and 1930s<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ward |first=Kevin |title=The East African Revival: History and Legacies |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |year=2012 |location=Surrey, England |page=3}}</ref> that began at a [[Church Missionary Society]] mission station in the Belgian territory of [[Ruanda-Urundi]] in 1929, and spread to: Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya during the 1930s and 1940s contributing to the significant growth of the church in East Africa through the 1970s and had a visible influence on Western missionaries who were observer-participants of the movement.<ref>{{Cite book |last=MacMaster |first=Richard K. |title=A Gentle Wind of God: The Influence of the East Africa Revival |publisher=Herald Press |year=2006 |location=Scottdale, PA}}</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2012}}

===Latin America===
{{see also|Political influence of Evangelicalism in Latin America}}
[[File:Culto en El Lugar de Su Presencia, 2019.jpg|thumb|right| Worship at [[El Lugar de Su Presencia]], in [[Bogotá]], in Colombia, 2019.]]
In modern Latin America, the term "Evangelical" is often simply a synonym for "[[Protestant]]".<ref name="LarsenTreier2007">{{Cite book |last1=Larsen |first1=Timothy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vlmXBe0RPxYC&pg=PA261 |title=The Cambridge Companion to Evangelical Theology |last2=Treier |first2=Daniel J |date=April 12, 2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-82750-8 |page=261 |access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://swampland.time.com/2013/03/01/us-hispanics-are-becoming-less-catholic/ |title=U.S. Hispanics Are Becoming Less Catholic |date=March 1, 2013 |magazine=Time |access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/node/12564066 |title=Religion in Latin America: Hola, Luther |date=November 8, 2008 |newspaper=The Economist |access-date=July 14, 2013}}</ref>

====Brazil====
{{main |Protestantism in Brazil}}
[[File:Templo de Salomão - 1.JPG|thumb|[[Templo de Salomão|Temple of Solomon]] replica built by the [[Universal Church of the Kingdom of God]] in São Paulo.]]
Protestantism in Brazil largely originated with [[German Brazilians|German immigrants]] and British and American missionaries in the 19th century, following up on efforts that began in the 1820s.<ref>{{Citation |last=Leonard |first=Émil-G |title=O Protestantismo Brasileiro |year=1963 |trans-title=Brazilian Protestantism |place=São Paulo |publisher=ASTE |language=pt}}.</ref>

In the late nineteenth century, while the vast majority of Brazilians were nominal Catholics, the nation was underserved by priests, and for large numbers their religion was only nominal.{{citation needed|date=November 2020}} The Catholic Church in Brazil was de-established in 1890, and responded by increasing the number of dioceses and the efficiency of its clergy. Many Protestants came from a large German immigrant community, but they were seldom engaged in proselytism and grew mostly by natural increase.

Methodists were active along with Presbyterians and Baptists. The Scottish missionary [[Robert Reid Kalley]], with support from the [[Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)|Free Church of Scotland]], moved to Brazil in 1855, founding the first Evangelical church among the Portuguese-speaking population there in 1856. It was organized according to the Congregational policy as the Igreja Evangélica Fluminense; it became the mother church of Congregationalism in Brazil.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Testa |first=Michael |year=1964 |title=Part 2: Portuguese Protestants in the Americas |journal=Journal of Presbyterian History |series=The Apostle of Madeira |volume=42 |pages=244–71 |number=4}}.</ref> The [[Seventh-day Adventist]]s arrived in 1894, and the YMCA was organized in 1896. The missionaries promoted schools colleges and seminaries, including a liberal arts college in São Paulo, later known as Mackenzie, and an agricultural school in [[Lavras]]. The Presbyterian schools in particular later became the nucleus of the governmental system. In 1887 Protestants in Rio de Janeiro formed a hospital. The missionaries largely reached a working-class audience, as the Brazilian upper-class was wedded either to Catholicism or to secularism. By 1914, Protestant churches founded by American missionaries had 47,000 communicants, served by 282 missionaries. In general, these missionaries were more successful than they had been in Mexico, Argentina or elsewhere in Latin America.<ref>{{Citation |last=Latourette |first=Kenneth Scott |title=A history of the expansion of Christianity |volume=V: The great century in the Americas, Austral-Asia, and Africa: A.D. 1800 – A.D. 1914 |pages=120–3 |year=1943}}.</ref>

There were 700,000 Protestants by 1930, and increasingly they were in charge of their own affairs. In 1930, the Methodist Church of Brazil became independent of the missionary societies and elected its own bishop. Protestants were largely from a working-class, but their religious networks help speed their upward social mobility.<ref>{{Citation |last=Latourette |first=Kenneth Scott |title=A history of the expansion of Christianity |volume=VII: Advance through Storm: A.D. 1914 and after, with concluding generalizations |pages=181–2 |year=1945}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Braga |first1=Erasmo |title=The Republic of Brazil: A survey of the religious situation |year=1932 |last2=Trubb |first2=Kenneth G}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=May 2013}}
[[File:Culto Primeira Igreja Batista do Bairro Sol Nascente.jpg|thumb|Baptist worship service in Brazil]]
Protestants accounted for fewer than 5 percent of the population until the 1960s but grew exponentially by proselytizing and by 2000 made up over 15 percent of Brazilians affiliated with a church. Pentecostals and charismatic groups account for the vast majority of this expansion.

Pentecostal missionaries arrived early in the 20th century. Pentecostal conversions surged during the 1950s and 1960s, when native Brazilians began founding autonomous churches. The most influential included [[Brazil for Christ Pentecostal Church|Brasil Para o Cristo]] (Brazil for Christ), founded in 1955 by Manoel de Mello. With an emphasis on personal salvation, on God's healing power, and on strict moral codes these groups have developed broad appeal, particularly among the booming urban migrant communities. In Brazil, since the mid-1990s, groups committed to uniting black identity, antiracism, and Evangelical theology have rapidly proliferated.<ref>{{Citation |last=Burdick |first=John |title=Why is the Black Evangelical Movement Growing in Brazil? |journal=Journal of Latin American Studies |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=311–32 |year=2005 |doi=10.1017/s0022216x05009028}}.</ref> Pentecostalism arrived in Brazil with Swedish and American missionaries in 1911. it grew rapidly but endured numerous schisms and splits. In some areas the Evangelical [[Assembleias de Deus|Assemblies of God]] churches have taken a leadership role in politics since the 1960s. They claimed major credit for the election of [[Fernando Collor de Mello]] as president of Brazil in 1990.<ref>{{Citation |last=Chesnut |first=R. Andrew |title=The Salvation Army or the Army's Salvation?: Pentecostal Politics in Amazonian Brazil, 1962–1992 |work=Luso-Brazilian Review |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=33–49 |year=1999}}.</ref>
[[File:Galeria arquitetônica.jpg|thumb|Pentecostal worship service in [[Araras]], Brazil]]
According to the 2000 census, 15.4 percent of the Brazilian population was Protestant. Recent research conducted by the [[Grupo Folha|Datafolha institute]] shows that 25 percent of Brazilians are Protestants, of which 19 percent are followers of Pentecostal denominations. The 2010 census found out that 22.2 percent were Protestant at that date. Protestant denominations saw a rapid growth in their number of followers since the last decades of the 20th century.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Birman |first1=Patrícia |title=Whatever Happened to What Used to Be the Largest Catholic Country in the World? |journal=Daedalus |volume=129 |issue=2 |pages=271–90 |year=2000 |jstor=20027637 |last2=Leite |first2=Márcia Pereira}}.</ref> They are politically and socially conservative, and emphasize that God's favor translates into business success.<ref>{{Citation |last=Londono |first=Diana |title=Evangelicals in Brazil |date=December 5, 2012 |url=http://www.coha.org/evangelicals-in-brazil/ |work=Hemispheric Affairs |publisher=Coha}}.</ref> The rich and the poor remained traditional Catholics, while most Evangelical Protestants were in the new lower-middle class – known as the "C class" (in a A–E classification system).<ref>{{Citation |last=Antunes |first=Anderson |title=The Richest Pastors in Brazil |date=January 17, 2013 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/andersonantunes/2013/01/17/the-richest-pastors-in-brazil/ |work=Forbes}}.</ref>

Chesnut argues that Pentecostalism has become "one of the principal organizations of the poor", for these churches provide the sort of social network that teach members the skills they need to thrive in a rapidly developing meritocratic society.{{sfn|Chesnut|1997|p=104}}

One large Evangelical church that originated from Brazil is the [[Universal Church of the Kingdom of God]] (IURD), a neo‐Pentecostal denomination begun in 1977. It now has a presence in many countries, and claims millions of members worldwide.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Jacob |first1=CR |title=Atlas da Filiação Religiosa e Indicadores Sociais no Brasil |year=2003 |trans-title=Brazilian Religious Affiliation & Social Indicators Atlas |place=São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro |publisher=PUC-Rio, Edições Loyola |language=pt |isbn=85-15-02719-4 |last2=Hees |first2=DR |last3=Waniez |first3=P |last4=Brustlein |first4=V}}.</ref>

====Guatemala====
{{Main|Religion in Guatemala}}
Protestants remained a small portion of the population until the late-twentieth century, when various Protestant groups experienced a demographic boom that coincided with the increasing violence of the Guatemalan Civil War. Two former Guatemalan heads of state, General [[Efraín Ríos Montt]] and [[Jorge Serrano Elías]] have been practicing Evangelical Protestants, as is Guatemala's former President, [[Jimmy Morales]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Garrard-Burnett |title=Protestantism in Guatemala |pages=138–61}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Garrard-Burnett |first=Virginia |title=Terror in the Land of the Holy Spirit: Guatemala under General Efrain Rios Montt 1982–1983 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2011 |location=New York}}</ref> General Montt, an Evangelical from the Pentecostal tradition, came to power through a coup. He escalated the war against leftist guerrilla insurgents as a holy war against atheistic "forces of evil".{{sfn|Chesnut|1997|p=[https://archive.org/details/bornagaininbrazi0000ches/page/145 145]}}

===Asia===
[[File:Revival crusade in Andhra Pradesh, India, Johannes Maas, American evangelist, speaking.jpg|thumb|right|American pastor Johannes Maas preaching in [[Andhra Pradesh, India]] in 1974. Spreading the [[Christian revival|revival]] is an essential part of work done by evangelical missionaries.]]

====South Korea====
{{main |Christianity in Korea}}

Protestant missionary activity in Asia was most successful in Korea. American Presbyterians and Methodists arrived in the 1880s and were well received. Between 1910 and 1945, when Korea was a Japanese colony, Christianity became in part an expression of nationalism in opposition to Japan's efforts to enforce the Japanese language and the Shinto religion.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Kane |first1=Danielle |title=The Puzzle of Korean Christianity: Geopolitical Networks and Religious Conversion in Early Twentieth-Century East Asia |journal=American Journal of Sociology |volume=115 |issue=2 |pages=365–404 |year=2009 |doi=10.1086/599246 |last2=Park |first2=Jung Mee|s2cid=143736997 }}.</ref> In 1914, out of 16 million people, there were 86,000 Protestants and 79,000 Catholics; by 1934, the numbers were 168,000 and 147,000. Presbyterian missionaries were especially successful.<ref>{{Citation |last=Latourette |first=Kenneth Scott |title=A history of the expansion of Christianity |volume=VII: Advance through Storm: A.D. 1914 and after, with concluding generalizations |pages=401–7 |year=1945}}.</ref> Since the Korean War (1950–53), many Korean Christians have migrated to the U.S., while those who remained behind have risen sharply in social and economic status. Most Korean Protestant churches in the 21st century emphasize their Evangelical heritage. Korean Evangelicalism is characterized by theological conservatism{{clarify |date=May 2013}} coupled with an emotional revivalist{{clarify |date=May 2013}} style. Most churches sponsor revival meetings once or twice a year. Missionary work is a high priority, with 13,000 men and women serving in missions across the world, putting Korea in second place just behind the US.<ref>{{Citation |last=Ryu |first=Dae Young |s2cid=162153162 |title=The Origin and Characteristics of Evangelical Protestantism in Korea at the Turn of the Twentieth Century |journal=Church History |volume=77 |issue=2 |pages=371–98 |year=2008 |doi=10.1017/S0009640708000589}}.</ref>
[[File:141225과천교회 성가대 크리스마스 축하공연66.jpg|thumb|Gwacheon Presbyterian Church in South Korea]]
Sukman argues that since 1945, Protestantism has been widely seen by Koreans as the religion of the middle class, youth, intellectuals, urbanites, and modernists.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite journal |last=Sukman |first=Jang |year=2004 |title=Historical Currents and Characteristics of Korean Protestantism after Liberation |journal=Korea Journal |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=133–156}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Samuel P. Huntington |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LO4xG-bH1CQC&pg=PA101 |title=The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order |year=2007 |isbn=9781416561248 |page=101| publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref> It has been a powerful force{{dubious | date=May 2013}} supporting South Korea's pursuit of modernity and emulation{{dubious|date=May 2013}} of the United States, and opposition to the old Japanese colonialism and to the [[authoritarianism]] of North Korea.<ref>{{Citation |last=Sukman |first=Jang |title=Historical Currents and Characteristics of Korean Protestantism after Liberation |work=Korea Journal |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=133–56 |year=2004}}.</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=May 2013}}

South Korea has been referred as an "evangelical superpower" for being the home to some of the largest and most dynamic Christian churches in the world; South Korea is also second to the U.S. in the number of missionaries sent abroad.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.statepress.com/2011/03/09/professor-explains-religion%E2%80%99s-popularity-in-south-korea/ |title=Professor explains religion's popularity in South Korea |last=Ferguson |first=Tessa |date=March 9, 2011 |website=ASU News |publisher=The State Press |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219044105/http://www.statepress.com/2011/03/09/professor-explains-religion%e2%80%99s-popularity-in-south-korea/ |archive-date=February 19, 2015 |access-date=July 25, 2013 |place=Arizona State University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=January 3, 2006 |title=Missions Incredible |url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2006/march/16.28.html |magazine=Christianity Today |access-date=July 25, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-6208-9780824833756.aspx |title=Born Again: Evangelicalism in Korea |date=June 14, 2013 |publisher=UH Press |access-date=July 25, 2013 |place=Hawai'i}}</ref>

According to 2015 South Korean census, 9.7&nbsp;million or 19.7 percent of the population described themselves as Protestants, many of whom belong to Presbyterian churches shaped by Evangelicalism.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1PM1502&conn_path=I2 |title=KOSIS |website=kosis.kr |access-date=December 10, 2019}}</ref>

==== Philippines ====
{{Main|Evangelicalism in the Philippines}}
According to the 2010 census, 2.68 percent of Filipinos are Evangelicals. The [[Philippine Council of Evangelical Churches]] (PCEC), an organization of more than seventy Evangelical and Mainline Protestant churches, and more than 210 para-church organizations in the Philippines, counts more than 11 million members as of 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.operationworld.org/phil |title=Philippines {{!}} Operation World |website=www.operationworld.org |access-date=February 26, 2017 |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075916/http://www.operationworld.org/phil |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Europe===
[[File:Kirkkokatu 34 Oulu 20130518.JPG|thumb|Evangelical Free Church at Kirkkokatu street in [[Vanhatulli]] neighborhood in [[Oulu]], Finland.]]

====France====
{{further|Protestantism in France}}
In 2019, it was reported that Evangelicalism in France was growing, and a new Evangelical church was built every 10 days and now counts 700,000 followers across France.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190712-focus-france-evangelical-churches-gaining-ground-evangelism-worshippers-pastor |title=Focus – Evangelical churches gaining ground in France |date=July 12, 2019}}</ref>

====Great Britain====
{{further|Methodism|Clapham Sect|Conservative Evangelicalism in Britain}}
John Wesley (1703–1791) was an Anglican cleric and theologian who, with his brother Charles Wesley (1707–1788) and fellow cleric George Whitefield (1714–1770), founded Methodism. After 1791 the movement became independent of the Anglican Church as the "Methodist Connection". It became a force in its own right, especially among the working class.<ref>Anthony Armstrong, ''The Church of England: the Methodists and society, 1700–1850'' (1973).</ref>

The ''Clapham Sect'' was a group of Church of England evangelicals and social reformers based in [[Clapham, London|Clapham]], London; they were active 1780s–1840s). [[John Newton]] (1725–1807) was the founder. They are described by the historian Stephen Tomkins as "a network of friends and families in England, with William Wilberforce as its center of gravity, who were powerfully bound together by their shared moral and spiritual values, by their religious mission and social activism, by their love for each other, and by marriage".<ref>Stephen Tomkins, ''The Clapham Sect: How Wilberforce's circle changed Britain'' (2010) p. 1.</ref>

Evangelicalism was a major force in the Anglican Church from about 1800 to the 1860s. By 1848 when an evangelical [[John Bird Sumner]] became Archbishop of Canterbury, between a quarter and a third of all Anglican clergy were linked to the movement, which by then had diversified greatly in its goals and they were no longer considered an organized faction.<ref>Boyd Hilton, ''A Mad, Bad, Dangerous People? England 1783–1846'' (2006), p 175.</ref><ref>John Wolffe, ''Expansion of Evangelicalism: The Age of Wilberforce, More, Chalmers & Finney'' (2007)</ref><ref>Owen Chadwick, ''The Victorian Church, Part One: 1829–1859'' (1966) pp 440–55.</ref>
[[File:Triumphant Global Church service.jpg|thumb|The Church Triumphant Global in [[Croydon]], United Kingdom]]
In the 21st century there are an estimated 2 million Evangelicals in the UK.<ref>Churchgoing the UK published by Tearfund 2007</ref> According to research performed by the Evangelical Alliance in 2013, 87 percent of UK evangelicals attend Sunday morning church services every week and 63 percent attend weekly or fortnightly small groups.<ref>Life in the Church published Evangelical Alliance 2013</ref> An earlier survey conducted in 2012 found that 92 percent of evangelicals agree it is a Christian's duty to help those in poverty and 45 percent attend a church which has a fund or scheme that helps people in immediate need, and 42 percent go to a church that supports or runs a foodbank. 63 percent believe in tithing, and so give around 10 percent of their income to their church, Christian organizations and various charities<ref>Does Money Matter? published by Evangelical Alliance 2012</ref> 83 percent of UK evangelicals believe that the Bible has supreme authority in guiding their beliefs, views and behavior and 52 percent read or listen to the Bible daily.<ref>21st Century Evangelicals published by Evangelical Alliance 2010</ref> The [[Evangelical Alliance]], formed in 1846, was the first ecumenical evangelical body in the world and works to unite evangelicals, helping them listen to, and be heard by, the government, media and society.

====Switzerland====
{{further|Protestantism in Switzerland}}
Since the 1970s, the number of Evangelicals and Evangelical congregations has grown strongly in Switzerland. Population censuses suggest that these congregations saw the number of their members triple from 1970 to 2000, qualified as a "spectacular development" by specialists.<ref>Bovay Claude & Broquet Raphaël. 2004. "Le paysage religieux en Suisse". Neuchâtel: Office Fédéral de la Statistique. https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/catalogues-banques-donnees/publications.assetdetail.341772.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215084332/https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/catalogues-banques-donnees/publications.assetdetail.341772.html |date=February 15, 2022}}.</ref> Sociologists [[Jörg Stolz]] and Olivier Favre show that the growth is due to charismatic and Pentecostal groups, while classical evangelical groups are stable and fundamentalist groups are in decline.<ref>Stolz Jörg & Favre Olivier. 2019. Growth and Decline of Evangelicals, Fundamentalists, Pentecostals, and Charismatics in Switzerland 1970–2013. Journal for the scientific study of religion, 58: 604–625, https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12616.</ref> A quantitative national census on religious congregations reveals the important diversity of evangelicalism in Switzerland.<ref>Monnot Christophe & Stolz Jörg. 2014. The Diversity of Religious Diversity. Using Census and NCS Methodology in Order to Map and Assess the Religious Diversity of a Whole Country. In: Giordan G., Pace E. (eds) Religious Pluralism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06623-3_6 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230132053/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-06623-3_6 |date=December 30, 2022}}</ref>

=== Anglo America ===

==== United States ====
{{Main|Evangelicalism in the United States}}
[[File:Lancaster Baptist Church Main Auditorium.jpg|thumb|right|Worship service at the Baptist Church in [[Lancaster, California]]]]
[[File:BibleBelt.png|thumb|Socially conservative evangelical Protestantism plays a major role in the [[Bible Belt]], an area covering almost all of the Southern United States. Evangelicals form a majority in the region.]]
By the late 19th to early 20th century, most American Protestants were Evangelicals. A bitter divide had arisen between the more liberal-modernist mainline denominations and the fundamentalist denominations, the latter typically consisting of Evangelicals.  Key issues included the truth of the Bible—literal or figurative, and teaching of evolution in the schools.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Roger E. Olson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MBtFlW8vxuwC&pg=PA37 |title=The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology |publisher=Westminster John Knox Press |year=2004 |isbn=9780664224646 |page=37}}</ref>

During and after World War II, Evangelicals became increasingly organized.  There was a great expansion of Evangelical activity within the United States, "a revival of revivalism". [[Youth for Christ]] was formed; it later became the base for [[Billy Graham]]'s revivals. The National Association of Evangelicals formed in 1942 as a counterpoise to the mainline Federal Council of Churches. In 1942–43, the Old-Fashioned Revival Hour had a record-setting national radio audience.{{Sfn|Carpenter|1999}}{{Rp|needed=yes|date=September 2013}}  With this organization, though, fundamentalist groups separated from Evangelicals.

According to a [[Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life]] study, Evangelicals can be broadly divided into three camps: traditionalist, centrist, and modernist.<ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news |last=Luo |first=Michael |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/16/weekinreview/16luo.html?_r=1&adxnnlx=1145227368-p%20hJwvCXS0qceSTw%20jLi8w&pagewanted=all |title=Evangelicals Debate the Meaning of 'Evangelical' |date=April 16, 2006 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> A 2004 Pew survey identified that while 70.4 percent of Americans call themselves "Christian", Evangelicals only make up 26.3 percent of the population, while Catholics make up 22 percent and mainline Protestants make up 16 percent.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pewforum.org/publications/surveys/green-full.pdf |title=The American Religious Landscape and Political Attitudes: A Baseline for 2004 |last=Green |first=John C. |publisher=The Pew forum |type=survey |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304020453/http://pewforum.org/publications/surveys/green-full.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2009}}</ref> Among the Christian population in 2020, mainline Protestants began to outnumber Evangelicals.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=July 16, 2021|title=The Unlikely Rebound of Mainline Protestantism|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/the-unlikely-rebound-of-mainline-protestantism|access-date=July 19, 2021|magazine=The New Yorker|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=July 15, 2021|title=New national survey flips the narrative on mainline Protestants and the 'nones,' but why?|url=https://baptistnews.com/article/new-national-survey-flips-the-narrative-on-mainline-protestants-and-the-nones-but-why/|access-date=July 19, 2021|website=Baptist News Global|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mainline Protestantism is America's phantom limb|url=https://news.yahoo.com/mainline-protestantism-americas-phantom-limb-095209232.html|access-date=July 19, 2021|website=news.yahoo.com|date=July 17, 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref>

Evangelicals have been socially active throughout US history, a tradition dating back to the [[abolitionist]] movement of the [[Antebellum period]] and the [[Prohibition in the United States|prohibition]] movement.<ref>{{Citation |last=Clark |first=Norman H |title=Deliver Us from Evil: An Interpretation of American Prohibition |year=1976}}</ref> As a group, evangelicals are most often associated with the [[Christian right]]. However, a large number of [[Black Americans|black]] self-labeled Evangelicals, and a small proportion of liberal white self-labeled Evangelicals, gravitate towards the [[Christian left]].<ref name="heineman-god-conservative">Heineman, ''God is a Conservative'', pp 71–2, 173</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Shields |first=Jon A |title=The Democratic Virtues of the Christian Right |pages=117, 121 |year=2009}}.</ref>

Recurrent themes within American Evangelical discourse include abortion,<ref name="Dudley2011">{{Cite book |last=Dudley |first=Jonathan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UHIWXheyNuEC |title=Broken Words: The Abuse of Science and Faith in American Politics |publisher=[[Crown Publishing Group]] |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-385-52526-8 |access-date=February 24, 2015}}.</ref> [[evolution denial]],<ref name="NCSE 2001">{{Cite book |url=http://ncse.com/taking-action/ten-major-court-cases-evolution-creationism |title=Ten Major Court Cases about Evolution and Creationism |publisher=National Center for Science Education |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-385-52526-8 |access-date=March 21, 2015}}.</ref> secularism,<ref>Heineman, Kenneth J. (1998). ''God is a Conservative: Religion, Politics and Morality in Contemporary America''. pp. 44–123. {{ISBN|978-0-8147-3554-1}}.</ref> and the notion of the United States as a [[Christian nation]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Dershowitz |first=Alan M |title=Blasphemy: how the religious right is hijacking our Declaration of Independence |page=121 |year=2007}}.</ref><ref>Smith, Christian (2002). ''Christian America?: What Evangelicals Really Want''. p. 207.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Limbaugh |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p7nNBpEIrtYC |title=Persecution: How Liberals are Waging War Against Christians |publisher=Regnery |year=2003 |isbn=0-89526-111-1}}</ref>