2016 United States presidential election Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! == General election campaign == [[File:2016 Presidential Election ballot.jpg|thumb|left|A general election ballot, listing the presidential and vice presidential candidates]] === Beliefs and policies of candidates === {{Main|Political positions of Donald Trump|Political positions of Hillary Clinton}} Hillary Clinton focused her candidacy on several themes, including raising middle class incomes, expanding women's rights, instituting campaign finance reform, and improving the [[Affordable Care Act]]. In March 2016, she laid out a detailed economic plan basing her economic philosophy on [[inclusive capitalism]], which proposed a "clawback" that rescinds [[tax cut]]s and other benefits for companies that move jobs overseas; with provision of incentives for companies that share profits with employees, communities and the environment, rather than focusing on short-term profits to increase stock value and rewarding shareholders; as well as increasing [[collective bargaining]] rights; and placing an "exit tax" on companies that move their headquarters out of the U.S. in order to pay a lower tax rate overseas.<ref name="offersecplan">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/05/us/politics/hillary-clinton-offers-economic-plan-focused-on-jobs.html |title=Clinton Offers Economic Plan Focused on Jobs |first=Amy |last=Chozick |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 4, 2016}}</ref> Clinton promoted [[equal pay for equal work]] to address current alleged shortfalls in how much women are paid to do the same jobs men do,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hillary-clinton-equal-pay-problem-solving-would-be-top-priorities/ |title=Hillary Clinton: Equal pay, problem-solving would be top priorities |date=February 24, 2015 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> promoted explicitly focus on family issues and support of [[universal preschool]],<ref name="AP outset">{{cite news |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/130dda61f1e24e05ba2233b3e80fa638/clinton-patches-relations-liberals-campaigns-outset |title=Clinton patches relations with liberals at campaign's outset |work=The Big Story |agency=Associated Press |first=Lisa |last=Lerder |date=April 19, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623162718/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/130dda61f1e24e05ba2233b3e80fa638/clinton-patches-relations-liberals-campaigns-outset |archive-date=June 23, 2015}}</ref> expressed support for the right to [[Same-sex marriage in the United States|same-sex marriage]],<ref name="AP outset" /> and proposed allowing [[Illegal immigration to the United States|undocumented immigrants]] to have a path to [[Citizenship of the United States|citizenship]] stating that it "{{bracket|i}}s at its heart a family issue."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chozick |first1=Amy |title=A Path to Citizenship, Clinton Says, 'Is at Its Heart a Family Issue' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/05/05/a-path-to-citizenship-clinton-says-is-at-its-heart-a-family-issue/ |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 5, 2015}}</ref> Donald Trump's campaign drew heavily on his personal image, enhanced by his previous media exposure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2016/04/28/donald-trump-branding-power/ |title=Explaining Donald Trump's Massive Branding Power |author=Geoff, Colvin |date=April 28, 2016 |access-date=July 16, 2016 |work=[[Fortune_(magazine) | Fortune]]}}</ref> The primary slogan of the Trump campaign, extensively used on campaign merchandise, was [[Make America Great Again]]. The red baseball cap with the slogan emblazoned on the front became a symbol of the campaign and has been frequently donned by Trump and his supporters.<ref name="trumphats">{{cite web |last1=Mai-Duc |first1=Christine |title=Inside the Southern California factory that makes the Donald Trump hats |url=https://latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-trump-hats-cali-fame-carson-20151124-story.html |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=July 17, 2016 |date=November 12, 2015}}</ref> Trump's [[Right-wing populism|right-wing populist]] positions—reported by ''[[The New Yorker]]'' to be [[Nativism (politics)|nativist]], [[Protectionism|protectionist]], and semi-[[Isolationism|isolationist]]—differ in many ways from [[Conservatism in the United States|traditional U.S. conservatism]].<ref name="Cassidy">{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/donald-trump-is-transforming-the-g-o-p-into-a-populist-nativist-party |title=Donald Trump Is Transforming the G.O.P. Into a Populist, Nativist Party |last=Cassidy |first=John |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=February 29, 2016 |access-date=March 5, 2016 |quote=What is perhaps more surprising, at least to Washington-based conservatives, is how many Republicans are also embracing Trump's populist lines on ending free trade, protecting Social Security, and providing basic health care.}}</ref> He opposed many [[Free trade area|free trade deals]] and [[Peacekeeping|military interventionist policies]] that conservatives generally support, and opposed cuts in [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Social Security (United States)|Social Security benefits]]. Moreover, he has insisted that Washington is "broken" and can be fixed only by an outsider.<ref name="Politico915">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/09/trump-tea-party-populist-exposed-213111 |title=How Trump Exposed the Tea Party |work=[[Politico]] Magazine |date=September 3, 2015 |quote=For years the Republican elite has gotten away with promoting policies about trade and entitlements that are the exact opposites of the policies favored by much of their electoral base. Populist conservatives who want to end illegal immigration, tax the rich, protect Social Security and Medicare, and fight fewer foreign wars have been there all along. It's just that mainstream pundits and journalists, searching for a libertarian right more to their liking (and comprehension), refused to see them before the Summer of Trump.}}</ref><ref name="NYT032816">{{cite news |author1=Nicholas Confessore |title=How the G.O.P. Elite Lost Its Voters to Donald Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/28/us/politics/donald-trump-republican-voters.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 28, 2016 |access-date=March 28, 2016 |quote=While wages declined and workers grew anxious about retirement, Republicans offered an economic program still centered on tax cuts for the affluent and the curtailing of popular entitlements like Medicare and Social Security.}}</ref><ref name="WP032816a">{{cite news |author1=Greg Sargent |title=This one anecdote perfectly explains how Donald Trump is hijacking the GOP |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2016/03/28/this-one-anecdote-perfectly-explains-how-donald-trump-is-hijacking-the-gop/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=March 28, 2016 |access-date=March 29, 2016}}</ref> Support for Trump was high among working and middle-class white male voters with annual incomes of less than $50,000 and no [[Academic degree|college degree]].<ref name="NYT033016">{{cite news |author1=Thomas B. Edsall |title=Who Are the Angriest Republicans? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/30/opinion/campaign-stops/who-are-the-angriest-republicans.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 30, 2016 |access-date=March 30, 2016}}</ref> This group, particularly those without a [[High school diploma|high-school diploma]], suffered a decline in their income in recent years.<ref name="MJ01816">{{cite news |author1=Steve Rattner |author-link1=Steven Rattner |title=White, working class men back Trump, charts show |url=https://msnbc.com/morning-joe/watch/white--working-class-men-back-trump--charts-show-598331459704 |access-date=March 25, 2016 |work=Morning Joe MNSBC |date=January 8, 2016 |format=video |quote=Steve Rattner breaks down the demographics of who is supporting Donald Trump and how these supporters are doing financially. Duration: 2:25}}</ref> According to ''The Washington Post'', support for Trump is higher in areas with a higher mortality rate for middle-aged white people.<ref name="WP03416">{{cite news |author1=Jeff Guo |title=Death predicts whether people vote for Donald Trump |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/03/04/death-predicts-whether-people-vote-for-donald-trump/ |access-date=March 18, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=March 4, 2016 |quote=Even after controlling for these other factors, the middle-aged white death rate in a county was still a significant predictor of the share of votes that went to Trump}}</ref> A sample of interviews with more than 11,000 Republican-leaning respondents from August to December 2015 found that Trump at that time found his strongest support among Republicans in [[West Virginia]], followed by [[New York (state)|New York]], and then followed by six Southern states.<ref>Nate Cohn, [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/31/upshot/donald-trumps-strongest-supporters-a-certain-kind-of-democrat.html Donald Trump's Strongest Supporters: A Certain Kind of Democrat], ''[[The New York Times]]'' (December 31, 2015).</ref> === Media coverage === {{Main|Media coverage of the 2016 United States presidential election}} Clinton had an uneasy—and, at times, adversarial—relationship with the press throughout her life in public service.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Glenn |last1=Thrush |first2=Maggie |last2=Haberman |title=What Is Hillary Clinton Afraid Of |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/05/hillary-clinton-media-105901.html |publisher=[[Politico]]o |date=May 2014 |access-date=March 8, 2021 |archive-date=August 19, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819060421/http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/05/hillary-clinton-media-105901.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Weeks before her official entry as a presidential candidate, Clinton attended a political press corps event, pledging to start fresh on what she described as a "complicated" relationship with political reporters.<ref>{{cite news |first=Dan |last=Merica |title=Hillary Clinton seeks 'new beginning' with the press |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/23/politics/hillary-clinton-2016-election-press/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=March 24, 2015}}</ref> Clinton was initially criticized by the press for avoiding taking their questions,<ref name="NYT52215">{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Horowitz |title=Hillary Clinton, Acutely Aware of Pitfalls, Avoids Press on Campaign Trail |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/23/us/politics/hillary-clinton-acutely-aware-of-pitfalls-avoids-press-on-campaign-trail.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=May 22, 2015 |quote=it makes all the political sense in the world for Mrs. Clinton to ignore them}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Waldman |title=Why Hillary Clinton needs to start treating the press better |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/plum-line/wp/2015/06/02/why-hillary-clinton-needs-to-start-treating-the-press-better/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=June 2, 2015}}</ref> after which she provided more interviews. In contrast, Trump benefited from free media more than any other candidate. From the beginning of his campaign through February 2016, Trump received almost $2 billion in free media attention, twice the amount that Clinton received.<ref name="FreeMediaAdvantage">Nicholas Confessore & Karen Yourish, [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/16/upshot/measuring-donald-trumps-mammoth-advantage-in-free-media.html Measuring Donald Trump's Mammoth Advantage in Free Media], ''[[The New York Times]]'' (March 16, 2016).</ref> According to data from the ''[[Tyndall Report]]'', which tracks nightly news content, through February 2016, Trump alone accounted for more than a quarter of all 2016 election coverage on the evening newscasts of [[NBC Nightly News|NBC]], [[CBS Evening News|CBS]] and [[ABC World News|ABC]], more than all the Democratic campaigns combined.<ref>{{cite web |title=How much does Donald Trump dominate TV news coverage? This much |date=December 6, 2015 |url=https://money.cnn.com/2015/12/06/media/donald-trump-nightly-news-coverage/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tyndall |first1=Andrew |title=COMMENTS: Campaign 2016 Coverage: Annual Totals for 2015 |url=http://tyndallreport.com/comment/20/5773/ |access-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Byers |first1=Dylan |title=Donald Trump: Media King, 2015 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/12/28/politics/trump-media-king/ |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref> Observers noted Trump's ability to garner constant mainstream media coverage "almost at will."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Walsh |first1=Kenneth |title=How Donald Trump's Media Dominance Is Changing the 2016 Campaign |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2015/12/31/how-donald-trumps-media-dominance-is-changing-the-2016-campaign |magazine=U.S. News & World Report |access-date=February 17, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225000859/http://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2015/12/31/how-donald-trumps-media-dominance-is-changing-the-2016-campaign |archive-date=February 25, 2016 }}</ref> However, Trump frequently criticized the media for writing what he alleged to be false stories about him<ref>{{cite web |title=43 Times Donald Trump Has Attacked The Media As A Presidential Candidate |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/entry/donald-trump-has-attacked-the-media-many-many-times_us_56059e0de4b0af3706dc3cce |work=[[HuffPost]] |date=September 28, 2015 |access-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref> and he has called upon his supporters to be "the [[silent majority]]."<ref name=":4">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/12/us/politics/donald-trump-defiantly-rallies-a-new-silent-majority-in-a-visit-to-arizona.html |title=Donald Trump Defiantly Rallies a New 'Silent Majority' in a Visit to Arizona |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=July 17, 2015 |first=Nicholas |last=Fandos |date=July 11, 2015}}</ref> Trump also said the media "put false meaning into the words I say", and says he does not mind being criticized by the media as long as they are honest about it.<ref>Walsh, Kenneth. [https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt "Trump: Media Is 'Dishonest and Corrupt'"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916083614/http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-08-15/trump-media-is-dishonest-and-corrupt |date=September 16, 2016}}, ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'' (August 15, 2016).</ref><ref>Koppel, Ted. [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-i-feel-im-an-honest-person/ "Trump: 'I feel I'm an honest person'"], ''[[CBS News]]'' (July 24, 2016).</ref> === Controversies === Both Clinton and Trump were seen unfavorably by the general public, and their controversial reputations set the tone of the campaign.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/other/president/clintontrumpfavorability.html |title=RealClearPolitics—Clinton & Trump: Favorability Ratings |website=[[Real Clear Politics]]|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref> [[File:Donald Trump with supporters (30354747180).jpg|thumb|Trump campaigns in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], October 29, 2016]] Clinton's practice during her time as Secretary of State of [[Hillary Clinton email controversy|using a private email address and server]], in lieu of State Department servers, gained widespread public attention back in March 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/04/us/politics/using-private-email-hillary-clinton-thwarted-record-requests.html |title=Using Private Email, Hillary Clinton Thwarted Record Requests |last1=Schmidt |first1=Michael S. |last2=Chozick |first2=Amy |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 3, 2015}}</ref> Concerns were raised about security and preservation of emails, and the possibility that laws may have been violated.<ref name="wapo-email">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/state-department-reviewing-whether-clinton-e-mail-violated-security-rules/2015/03/05/16d1547e-c378-11e4-9271-610273846239_story.html |title=Clinton e-mail review could find security issues |last1=Leonnig |first1=Carol D. |last2=Helderman |first2=Rosalind S. |last3=Gearan |first3=Anne |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=March 6, 2015}}</ref> After allegations were raised that some of the emails in question fell into this so-called "born classified" category, an FBI probe was initiated regarding how classified information was handled on the Clinton server.<ref name="Dilanian Feb 4">{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/clinton-emails-held-indirect-references-undercover-cia-officers-n510741 |title=Clinton Emails Held Indirect References to Undercover CIA Officers |first=Ken |last=Dilanian |work=[[NBC News]] |date=February 4, 2016}}</ref><ref name=NYT8815>{{cite news |first1=Scott |last1=Shane |first2=Michael S. |last2=Schmidt |title=Hillary Clinton Emails Take Long Path to Controversy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/09/us/hillary-clinton-emails-take-long-path-to-controversy.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 8, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Douglas |last=Cox |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/27/opinions/cox-clinton-email-controversy/ |title=Hillary Clinton email controversy: How serious is it? |date=July 27, 2015 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Glenn |last=Kessler |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/02/04/how-did-top-secret-emails-end-up-on-hillary-clintons-server/ |title=How did 'top secret' emails end up on Hillary Clinton's server? |date=February 4, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> The FBI probe was concluded on July 5, 2016, with a recommendation of no charges, a recommendation that was followed by the Justice Department. Also, on September 9, 2016, Clinton said: "You know, just to be grossly generalistic, you could put half of Trump's supporters into what I call the [[basket of deplorables]]. They're racist, sexist, homophobic, xenophobic, Islamophobic—you name it."<ref name=npr-20160910>{{cite news |title=Hillary Clinton's 'Basket Of Deplorables,' In Full Context Of This Ugly Campaign |url=https://www.npr.org/2016/09/10/493427601/hillary-clintons-basket-of-deplorables-in-full-context-of-this-ugly-campaign |work=[[National Public Radio|NPR]] |first=Domenico |last=Montanaro |date=September 10, 2016 |quote=The remarks also remind of inflammatory remarks in recent presidential elections on both sides—from Barack Obama's assertion in 2008 that people in small towns are "bitter" and "cling to guns or religion," to Mitt Romney's 2012 statement that 47 percent of Americans vote for Democrats because they are "dependent upon government" and believe they are "victims," to his vice presidential pick Paul Ryan's comment that the country is divided between "makers and takers."}}</ref> Donald Trump criticized her remark as insulting his supporters.<ref name=bloomberg-20160910>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2016-09-10/clinton-calls-trumps-supporters-basket-of-deplorables |title=Clinton Calls Some Trump Supporters 'Basket of Deplorables' |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |first=Jennifer |last=Epstein |date=September 10, 2016 |quote=Republican pollster Frank Luntz described Clinton's comments as her "47 percent moment," a reference to Republican Mitt Romney's remarks at a private fundraiser in the 2012 campaign.}}</ref><ref name=nyt-20160910>{{cite news |title=Hillary Clinton Calls Many Trump Backers 'Deplorables,' and GOP Pounces |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/11/us/politics/hillary-clinton-basket-of-deplorables.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Amy |last=Chozick |date=September 10, 2016 |quote=Prof. [[Jennifer Mercieca]], an expert in American political discourse at Texas A&M University, said in an email that the "deplorable" comment "sounds bad on the face of it" and compared it to Mr. Romney's 47 percent gaffe. "The comment demonstrates that she (like Romney) lacks empathy for that group," Professor Mercieca said.}}</ref> The following day Clinton expressed regret for saying "half", while insisting that Trump had deplorably amplified "hateful views and voices."<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Hillary Clinton Says She Regrets Part of Her 'Deplorables' Comment |url=http://time.com/4486601/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-basket-of-deplorables-half/ |magazine=Time |first=Katie |last=Reilly |date=September 10, 2016}}</ref> Previously on August 25, 2016, Clinton gave a speech criticizing Trump's campaign for using "racist lies" and allowing the [[alt-right]] to gain prominence.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/26/us/politics/hillary-clinton-speech.html |title=Hillary Clinton Says 'Radical Fringe' Is Taking Over G.O.P. Under Donald Trump |work=[[The New York Times]] |first=Matt |last=Flegenheimer |date=August 25, 2016}}</ref> [[File:Hillary Clinton Raleigh (29892054003).jpg|thumb|left|Clinton campaigns in [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], October 22, 2016]] On September 11, 2016, Clinton left a 9/11 memorial event early due to illness.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/09/11/politics/hillary-clinton-health-2016-election/index.html|title=Hillary Clinton stumbles—will her campaign follow?|author=Stephen Collinson|website=[[CNN]]|date=September 12, 2016}}</ref> Video footage of Clinton's departure showed Clinton becoming unsteady on her feet and being helped into a van.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2016/09/hillary-clinton-has-pneumonia-doctor-says-228012|title=Press rips Clinton campaign's handling of health incident|first=Gabriel|last=Debenedetti|website=[[Politico]]|date=September 11, 2016 }}</ref> Later that evening, Clinton reassured reporters that she was "feeling great."<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-clinton-ceremony-idUSKCN11H0JM|title=Suffering from pneumonia, Clinton falls ill at 9/11 memorial,{{nbsp}}...|newspaper=[[Reuters]]|date=September 12, 2016|via=www.reuters.com|last1=Becker|first1=Amanda}}</ref> After initially stating that Clinton had become overheated at the event, her campaign later added that she had been diagnosed with [[pneumonia]] two days earlier.<ref name="auto1"/> The media criticized the Clinton campaign for a lack of transparency regarding Clinton's illness.<ref name="auto1"/> Clinton cancelled a planned trip to California due to her illness. The episode drew renewed public attention to questions about Clinton's health.<ref name="auto"/> On the other side, on October 7, 2016, [[Donald Trump Access Hollywood tape|video and accompanying audio]] were released by ''The Washington Post'' in which Trump referred obscenely to women in a 2005 conversation with [[Billy Bush]] while they were preparing to film an episode of ''[[Access Hollywood]]''. In the recording, Trump described his attempts to initiate a sexual relationship with a married woman and added that women would allow male celebrities to grope their genitalia (Trump used the phrase "grab 'em by the pussy"). The audio was met with a reaction of disbelief and disgust from the media.<ref>Cassidy, John, ''[https://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/a-sexual-predator-in-the-republican-partys-midst A Sexual Predator in the Republican Party's Midst]'', The New Yorker, October 8, 2016.</ref><ref name="wp-lewd-conversation">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html |title=Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=October 7, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-10-07/2005-video-shows-donald-trump-saying-lewd-things-about-women |title=2005 Video Shows Donald Trump Saying Lewd Things About Women |access-date=October 7, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008100545/http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-10-07/2005-video-shows-donald-trump-saying-lewd-things-about-women |archive-date=October 8, 2016 }}</ref> Following the revelation, Trump's campaign issued an apology, stating that the video was of a private conversation from "many years ago."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-hot-mic-when-you-re-star-you-can-do-n662116 |title=Trump on hot mic: 'When you're a star{{nbsp}}... You can do anything' to women |website=[[NBC News]] |access-date=October 7, 2016}}</ref> The incident was condemned by numerous prominent Republicans like [[Reince Priebus]], [[Mitt Romney]], [[John Kasich]], [[Jeb Bush]]<ref name="BIHarrington">{{cite news |last1=Harrington |first1=Rebecca |title=RNC Chair Reince Priebus condemns Trump for obscene comments about women in 2005 video |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/reince-priebus-statement-trump-2005-video-women-2016-10 |date=October 7, 2016 |access-date=October 8, 2016 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> and the [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] [[Paul Ryan]].<ref name=Lee>{{cite web |url=https://latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-live-updates-trailguide-paul-ryan-disinvites-trump-to-campaign-1475889847-htmlstory.html |title=Speaker Paul Ryan disinvites Trump to his campaign event, says he's 'sickened' by tape |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=October 7, 2016 |access-date=October 7, 2016 |author=Lee, Kurtis}}</ref> Many believed the video had doomed Trump's chances for election. By October 8, several dozen Republicans had called for Trump to withdraw from the campaign and let Pence and [[Condoleezza Rice]] head the ticket.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/10/07/the-gops-brutal-responses-to-the-new-trump-video-broken-down/ |title=Here's the fast-growing list of Republicans calling for Donald Trump to drop out |last=Blake |first=Aaron |date=October 8, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=October 8, 2016}}</ref> Trump insisted he would never drop out, but apologized for his remarks.<ref name="Washington Post">{{cite news |last1=Costa |first1=Robert |title=Amid growing calls to drop out, Trump vows to 'never withdraw' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/amid-growing-calls-to-drop-out-trump-vows-to-never-withdraw/2016/10/08/8c0b5b7a-8d68-11e6-bff0-d53f592f176e_story.html |access-date=October 8, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 8, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/cheats/2016/10/08/trump-i-said-it-i-was-wrong-and-i-apologize|title=Trump: 'I Said It, I Was Wrong, And I Apologize.'|first=Olivia|last=Nuzzi|date=October 8, 2016|website=[[The Daily Beast]]}}</ref> Donald Trump also delivered strong and controversial statements towards Muslims and Islam on the campaign trail, saying, "I think Islam hates us."<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnson |first=Jenna |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/05/20/i-think-islam-hates-us-a-timeline-of-trumps-comments-about-islam-and-muslims/ |title='I think Islam hates us': A timeline of Trump's comments about Islam and Muslims |date=May 20, 2017 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=April 3, 2020|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> He was criticized and also supported for his statement at a rally declaring, "Donald J. Trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on."<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/12/07/politics/donald-trump-muslim-ban-immigration/index.html |title=Donald Trump: Ban all Muslim travel to U.S. |first=Jeremy |last=Diamond |date=December 7, 2015 |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=April 3, 2020}}</ref> Additionally, Trump announced that he would "look into" surveilling mosques, and mentioned potentially going after the families of [[Domestic terrorism in the United States|domestic terrorists]] in the wake of the [[2015 San Bernardino attack|San Bernardino shooting]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnson |first=Jenna |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trumps-anti-muslim-rhetoric-plays-well-with-fans-but-horrifies-others/2016/02/29/477f73dc-de37-11e5-846c-10191d1fc4ec_story.html |title=Trump's rhetoric on Muslims plays well with fans, but horrifies others |date=February 29, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=April 3, 2020 }}</ref> His strong rhetoric towards Muslims resulted in leadership from both parties condemning his statements. However, many of his supporters shared their support for his proposed [[Trump travel ban|travel ban]], despite the backlash.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> Throughout the campaign, Trump indicated in interviews, speeches, and [[Donald Trump on Twitter|Twitter posts]] that he would refuse to recognize the outcome of the election if he was defeated.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Golshan|first=Tara|date=2016-10-17|title=Donald Trump is going on a furious Twitter tirade about the "rigged" election|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/10/17/13304574/donald-trump-twitter-tirade-rigged-election|access-date=2021-06-18|website=[[Vox (website) | Vox]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanders|first=Sam|date=2016-10-20|title=Donald Trump Says He'll Accept The Results Of The Election ... If He Wins|url=https://www.npr.org/2016/10/20/498713509/donald-trump-says-hell-accept-the-results-of-the-election-if-he-wins|access-date=2021-06-18|newspaper=[[NPR]]|language=en}}</ref> Trump falsely stated that the election would be [[Electoral fraud|rigged]] against him.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2016-10-17|title=US election 2016: Trump says election 'rigged at polling places'|language=en-GB|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election-us-2016-37673797|access-date=2021-06-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Samuelsohn|first=Darren|date=2016-10-25|title=A guide to Donald Trump's 'rigged' election|url=https://politi.co/2Or7fyd|access-date=2021-06-18|website=[[Politico]]|language=en}}</ref> During the final [[2016 United States presidential debates|presidential debate]] of 2016, Trump refused to tell [[Fox News]] anchor [[Chris Wallace]] whether or not he would accept the election results.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Rafferty|first1=Andrew|last2=Taintor|first2=David|date=2016-10-19|title=Trump Won't Say He'll Accept Election Results: 'I Will Keep You In Suspense'|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-won-t-say-he-ll-accept-election-results-i-n669801|access-date=2021-06-18|website=[[NBC News]]|language=en}}</ref> The rejection of election results by a major nominee would have been unprecedented at the time as no major presidential candidate had ever refused to accept the outcome of an election until Trump did so himself in the following [[2020 United States presidential election#Trump's refusal to concede|2020 presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Carroll|first=Lauren|date=2016-10-25|title=Is Trump the first-ever candidate not to say he'll accept election results?|url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2016/oct/25/hillary-clinton/trump-first-ever-candidate-not-say-hell-accept-ele/|access-date=2021-06-18|website=[[PolitiFact]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Melber|first=Ari|date=2016-11-08|title=What Happens if Trump Loses and Won't Concede?|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/2016-election-day/what-happens-if-donald-trump-loses-won-t-concede-n679481|access-date=2021-06-18|website=[[NBC News]]|language=en}}</ref> The ongoing controversy of the election made third parties attract voters' attention. On March 3, 2016, Libertarian Gary Johnson addressed the [[Conservative Political Action Conference]] in Washington, DC, touting himself as the third-party option for anti-Trump Republicans.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://video.foxbusiness.com/v/4788104425001/gary-johnson-third-party-is-going-to-be-the-libertarian-party/#sp=show-clips |title=Gary Johnson: Third party is going to be the Libertarian Party |publisher=[[Fox Business]] |access-date=April 27, 2016}}</ref><ref name="SarlinAntiTrump">Benjy Sarlin, [https://msnbc.com/msnbc/anti-trump-forces-have-few-options-third-party-alternative Anti-Trump forces have few options for third party alternative], MSNBC (March 4, 2016): "'I am the third party,' former New Mexico Gov. Gary Johnson, the party's 2012 nominee, told conservative gathering CPAC on Thursday. 'The Libertarian Party will be on the ballot in all 50 states.'"</ref> In early May, some commentators opined that Johnson was moderate enough to pull votes away from both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump who were very disliked and polarizing.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rogers |first=Ed |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-partisan/wp/2016/05/11/who-is-gary-johnson/ |title=Who is Gary Johnson? |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 14, 2012 |access-date=May 12, 2016}}</ref> Johnson also began to get time on national television, being invited on [[ABC News]], [[NBC News]], [[CBS News]], [[CNN]], [[Fox News]], [[MSNBC]], [[Bloomberg Television|Bloomberg]], and many other networks.<ref>{{cite news |last=Watkins |first=Eli |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/05/10/politics/gary-johnson-donald-trump-bernie-sanders/ |title=Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson: What Donald Trump says is 'ridiculous' |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=May 12, 2016}}</ref> In September and October 2016, Johnson suffered a "string of damaging stumbles when he has fielded questions about foreign affairs."<ref name="HabermanBurns">{{cite news |author1=Maggie Haberman |author2=Alexander Burns |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/06/us/politics/gary-johnson-campaign.html |title=Gary Johnson Equates Syria Deaths Caused by Assad and West |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Weigel |first=David |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/10/07/gary-johnson-gives-a-foreign-policy-speech-and-chides-the-media-for-giving-him-pop-quizzes/ |title=Gary Johnson gives a foreign policy speech and chides the media for giving him pop quizzes |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 7, 2016 |quote=Johnson tried to put a string of foreign policy gaffes behind him on Friday{{nbsp}}...}}</ref> On September 8, Johnson, when he appeared on [[MSNBC]]'s ''[[Morning Joe]]'', was asked by panelist [[Mike Barnicle]], "What would you do, if you were elected, about [[Aleppo]]?" (referring to a [[Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)|war-torn city]] in [[Syria]]). Johnson responded, "And what is Aleppo?"<ref name="WhatIsAleppoCNN">{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/09/08/politics/gary-johnson-aleppo/ |last=Wright |first=David |title=What is Aleppo? |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=September 9, 2016}}</ref> His response prompted widespread attention, much of it negative.<ref name="WhatIsAleppoCNN"/><ref name="WhatIsPolitico">{{cite web |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2016/09/gary-johnson-aleppo-227873 |work=[[Politico]] |title=Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson: 'What is Aleppo?' |first=Louis |last=Nelson |date=September 8, 2016 |access-date=September 11, 2016}}</ref> Later that day, Johnson said that he had "blanked" and that he did "understand the dynamics of the [[Syrian civil war|Syrian conflict]]—I talk about them every day."<ref name="WhatIsPolitico"/> On the other hand, Green Party candidate [[Jill Stein]] said the Democratic and Republican parties are "two corporate parties" that have converged into one.<ref name="reddit">{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/4ixbr5/i_am_jill_stein_green_party_candidate_for/d31zimt?context=3 |title=I am Jill Stein, Green Party candidate for President, AMA! • /r/IAmA |website=reddit|date=May 11, 2016 |access-date=July 19, 2016}}</ref> Concerned by the rise of the [[Far-right politics|far right]] internationally and the tendency towards [[neoliberalism]] within the Democratic Party, she has said, "The answer to [[neofascism]] is stopping neoliberalism. Putting another Clinton in the White House will fan the flames of this right-wing extremism."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/u-s-election-2016/1.734445 |title=WATCH //Jill Stein: To stop Trump's neofascism, we must stop Clinton's neoliberalism |newspaper=Haaretz|access-date=July 31, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvAJ2WrJm3Q |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211215/JvAJ2WrJm3Q |archive-date=2021-12-15 |url-status=live|title=Left Forum 2016, Is Sanders the Answer to Building Left and Black Power? |website=youtube |publisher=Open University of the Left|access-date=August 17, 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In response to Johnson's growing poll numbers, the [[Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign|Clinton campaign]] and Democratic allies increased their criticism of Johnson in September 2016, warning that "a vote for a third party is a vote for Donald Trump" and deploying Senator [[Bernie Sanders]] (Clinton's former primary rival, who supported her in the general election) to win over voters who might be considering voting for Johnson or for Stein.<ref name="EasleyKamisar">{{cite web |author1=Jonathan Easley |author2=Ben Kamisar |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/298183-democrats-target-libertarian-ticket/ |title=Democrats target Libertarian ticket |date=September 28, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Hill (newspaper) | The Hill]]}}</ref> On October 28, eleven days before the election, [[FBI Director]] [[James Comey]] informed Congress that the FBI was analyzing additional Clinton emails obtained during its investigation of [[Anthony Weiner sexting scandals|an unrelated case]].<ref name="FbiAbedinEmails">{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/10/28/politics/fbi-reviewing-new-emails-in-clinton-probe-director-tells-senate-judiciary-committee/ |title=Comey notified Congress of email probe despite DOJ concerns |last1=Perez |first1=Evan |last2=Brown |first2=Pamela |date=October 29, 2016 |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=October 29, 2016}}</ref><ref name="FbiAbedinEmails2">{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2016/10/30/politics/clinton-emails-fbi-abedin/index.html |title=FBI discovered Clinton-related emails weeks ago |last1=Perez |first1=Evan |last2=Brown |first2=Pamela |date=October 31, 2016 |work=[[CNN]][[CNN]] |access-date=October 31, 2016}}</ref> On November 6, he notified Congress that the new emails did not change the FBI's earlier conclusion.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/fbi-completes-review-newly-revealed-hillary-clinton-emails-finds-no-n678701 |title=FBI finds no criminality in review of newly discovered Clinton emails |work=[[NBC News]] |date=November 6, 2016 |access-date=November 6, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/07/us/politics/hilary-clinton-male-voters-donald-trump.html |title=Emails Warrant No New Action Against Hillary Clinton, F.B.I. Director Says |date=November 6, 2016 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=November 6, 2016}}</ref> === Ballot access === {|class="wikitable" |- style="background:lightgrey;" ! rowspan="2"|Presidential ticket ! rowspan="2"|Party ! colspan="3"|[[Ballot access]] ! rowspan="2"|Votes<ref name=e2016/><ref name="LeipAtlas2016PrezResults">{{cite web |date=January 20, 2017 |title=2016 Presidential General Election Results (These results are slightly different from the official results.)|url=https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?f=1&off=0&year=2016 |website=[[Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections]] |location=[[Newton, Massachusetts]] |access-date=November 29, 2022}}</ref> ! rowspan="2"|Percentage |- style="background:lightgrey;" !States !Electors !% of voters |-{{Party shading/Republican}} |'''Trump / Pence''' |'''Republican''' |'''50 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]]''' |'''538''' |'''100%''' |'''62,984,828''' |'''46.09%''' |-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |'''Clinton / Kaine''' |'''Democratic''' |'''50 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]]''' |'''538''' |'''100%''' |'''65,853,514''' |'''48.18%''' |-{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |'''Johnson / Weld''' |'''Libertarian''' |'''50 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]]''' |'''538''' |'''100%''' |'''4,489,341''' |'''3.28%''' |-{{Party shading/Green}} |'''Stein / Baraka''' |'''Green''' |'''44 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]]''' |'''480''' |'''89%''' |'''1,457,218''' |'''1.07%''' |-{{Party shading/Independent}} |McMullin / Finn |Independent |11 |84 |15% |731,991 |0.54% |-{{Party shading/Constitution}} |Castle / Bradley |Constitution |24 |207 |39% |203,090 |0.15% |} * Candidates in '''bold''' were on ballots representing 270 electoral votes, without needing write-in states. * All other candidates were on the ballots of fewer than 25 states, but had write-in access greater than 270. === Party conventions === {{Location map many | USA |left| width=400 | caption= Map of the locations of party conventions for presidential/vice-presidential candidacy nominations. {{Legend|blue|Democratic Party}} {{Legend|red|Republican Party}} {{Legend|gold|Libertarian Party}} {{Legend|green|Green Party}} {{Legend|purple|Constitution Party}} | alt=Map of United States showing Philadelphia, Cleveland, Orlando, and Houston | mark1=blue pog.svg | mark1size=10 | lat1_deg=39.9500 | lon1_deg=-75.1667 | label1=Philadelphia | position1=bottom | mark2=red pog.svg | mark2size=10 | lat2_deg=41.4822 | lon2_deg=-81.6697 | label2=Cleveland | position2=top | mark3=gold pog.svg | mark3size=8 | lat3_deg=28.4158 | lon3_deg=-81.2989 | label3=Orlando | position3=top | mark4=green pog.svg | mark4size=8 | lat4_deg=29.7199 | lon4_deg=-95.3773 | label4=Houston | position4=top | mark5=purple pog.svg | mark5size=8 |lat5_deg=40.75 | lon5_deg=-111.883 | label5=Salt Lake City |position5=top }} <!--1=Rep 2=Dem 3=Lib 4=Green 5=Constitution --> ; Republican Party {{Main|2016 Republican National Convention}} * July 18–21, 2016: Republican National Convention was held in [[Cleveland]], Ohio.<ref name="RNC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/rnc-officially-approves-cleveland-as-2016-convention-host/ |date=August 8, 2014 |title=RNC officially approves Cleveland as 2016 convention host |work=[[CBS News]] |access-date=August 14, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Isenstadt |first=Alex |date=January 14, 2014 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/gop-convention-july-18-2016-114276.html |title=GOP convention set for July 18–21 in 2016 |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=January 15, 2015}}</ref> ; Democratic Party {{Main|2016 Democratic National Convention}} * July 25–28, 2016: Democratic National Convention was held in [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2015/02/12/democratic-convention-2016-host-city-philadelphia/22459811/ |title=Democrats pick Philadelphia for 2016 convention |work=[[USA Today]] |date=February 12, 2015 |access-date=February 12, 2015 |last1=Camia |first1=Catalina |first2=Martha A. |last2=Moore}}</ref> ; Libertarian Party {{Main|2016 Libertarian National Convention}} * May 26–30, 2016: Libertarian National Convention was held in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], Florida.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ballot-access.org/2014/06/libertarian-party-moves-into-national-party-headquarters-that-it-owns/ |title=Libertarian Party Moves into National Party Headquarters That it Owns |work=[[Ballot Access News]] |date=July 11, 2014 |access-date=July 11, 2014 |author=Winger, Richard |author-link=Richard Winger}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lp.org/files/July14-15%20Minutes-Final3.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208055938/https://www.lp.org/files/July14-15%20Minutes-Final3.pdf |archive-date=February 8, 2016 |url-status=dead |title=Libertarian National Committee Minutes July 15–16, 2012 |publisher=[[Libertarian National Committee]] |access-date=July 11, 2014 |page=4}}</ref> ; Green Party {{Main|2016 Green National Convention}} * August 4–7, 2016: Green National Convention was held in [[Houston]], Texas.<ref>Winger, Richard (August 2, 2015) [http://ballot-access.org/2015/08/02/green-party-will-probably-hold-presidential-convention-in-houston/ "Green Party Will Hold Presidential Convention in Houston"], ''[[Ballot Access News]]''. Retrieved August 5, 2015.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gp.org/pnc-2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510033733/http://www.gp.org/pnc-2016 |archive-date=May 10, 2016 |title=Houston, We Have a Solution—Vote Green 2016 |work=Green Party of the United States |date=April 4, 2016 |access-date=May 11, 2016}}</ref> ; Constitution Party {{Main|2016 Constitution Party National Convention}} * April 13–16, 2016: Constitution Party National Convention was held in [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake City]], Utah.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Glen |title=The Constitution Party hosts national convention in Salt Lake City |url=http://www.good4utah.com/news/local-news/the-constitution-party-hosts-national-convention-in-salt-lake-city |website=Good4Utah.com |publisher=[[Nexstar Media Group]]|access-date=September 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160726214019/http://www.good4utah.com/news/local-news/the-constitution-party-hosts-national-convention-in-salt-lake-city |archive-date=July 26, 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> === Campaign finance === {{See also|Lobbying in the United States}} [[Wall Street]] spent a record $2 billion trying to influence the 2016 United States presidential election.<ref>{{cite news |title=Wall Street spends record $2bn on US election lobbying |url=https://www.ft.com/content/5060844a-0420-11e7-ace0-1ce02ef0def9 |work=[[Financial Times]] |date=March 8, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Wall Street Spent $2 Billion Trying to Influence the 2016 Election |url=https://fortune.com/2017/03/08/wall-street-2016-election-spending/ |work=[[Fortune_(magazine) | Fortune]] |date=March 8, 2017}}</ref> The following table is an overview of the money used in the campaign as it is reported to [[Federal Election Commission]] (FEC) and released in September 2016. Outside groups are [[independent expenditure]]-only committees—also called [[Political action committee|PACs and SuperPACs]]. <!-- Several such groups normally support each candidate, but the numbers in the table are a total of all of them. This means that a group of committees can be shown as [[Insolvency|technically insolvent]] (shown in red) even though it is not the case of all of them. The Campaign Committee's debt are shown in red if the campaign is technically insolvent. --> The sources of the numbers are the FEC and [[OpenSecrets]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2016 Presidential Race |url=http://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/ |publisher=[[OpenSecrets]]}}</ref> Some spending totals are not available, due to withdrawals before the FEC deadline. {{as of|2016|September|df=US}}, ten candidates with ballot access have filed financial reports with the FEC. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:12px; text-align: center;" |- ! rowspan="2" |Candidate ! colspan="4" |Campaign committee <small>(as of December 9)</small> ! colspan="3" |Outside groups <small>(as of December 9)</small> ! rowspan="2" |Total spent |- ! Money raised ! Money spent ! Cash on hand ! Debt ! Money raised ! Money spent ! Cash on hand |- |data-sort-value="Trump, Donald" |[[Donald Trump]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate.php?id=N00023864 |title=Summary data for Donald Trump, 2016 Cycle |work=opensecrets.org |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108204729/https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate?id=N00023864|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P80001571/?cycle=2016&election_full=false#total-spent |title=TRUMP, DONALD J. / MICHAEL R. PENCE - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |website=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042552/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P80001571/?cycle=2016&election_full=false|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$350,668,435 |$343,056,732 |$7,611,702 |$0 |$100,265,563 |$97,105,012 |$3,160,552 |'''$440,161,744''' |- |data-sort-value="Clinton, Hillary" |[[Hillary Clinton]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate?id=N00000019 |title=Summary data for Hillary Clinton, 2016 Cycle |work=opensecrets.org |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108115550/http://www.opensecrets.org/pres16//candidate?id=N00000019|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P00003392/#total-spent |title=CLINTON, HILLARY RODHAM / TIMOTHY MICHAEL KAINE - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |website=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903090414/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P00003392/|archive-date=September 3, 2020}}</ref> |$585,699,061 |$585,580,576 |$323,317 |$182 |$206,122,160 |$205,144,296 |$977,864 |'''$790,724,872''' |- |data-sort-value="Johnson, Gary" |[[Gary Johnson]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate.php?id=N00033226 |title=Summary data for Gary Johnson, 2016 Cycle |work=opensecrets.org |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108102246/https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate?id=N00033226|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P20002671/#total-spent |title=JOHNSON, GARY / WILLIAM "BILL" WELD - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |website=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920184131/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P20002671/|archive-date=September 20, 2020}}</ref> |$12,193,984 |$12,463,110 |$6,299 |$0 |$1,386,971 |$1,314,095 |$75,976 |'''$13,777,205''' |- |data-sort-value="De La Fuente, Rocky" |[[Rocky De La Fuente]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60016342/?cycle=2016&election_full=true|title=DE LA FUENTE, ROQUE ROCKY - Candidate overview|website=FEC.gov|language=en|access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112050241/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60016342/?cycle=2016&election_full=true|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$8,075,959 |$8,074,913 |$1,046 |$8,058,834 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$8,074,913''' |- |data-sort-value="Stein, Jill" |[[Jill Stein]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate.php?id=N00033776 |title=Summary data for Jill Stein, 2016 Cycle |work=opensecrets.org |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108132119/https://www.opensecrets.org/pres16/candidate?id=N00033776|archive-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P20003984/ |title=STEIN, JILL - Candidate overview|publisher=Federal Election Commission |website=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 11, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813003110/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P20003984/|archive-date=August 13, 2020}}</ref> |$11,240,359 |$11,275,899 |$105,132 |$87,740 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$11,275,899''' |- |data-sort-value="McMullin, Evan" |[[Evan McMullin]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60022654/|title=MCMULLIN, EVAN / MINDY FINN - Candidate overview|publisher=Federal Election Commission |work=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 12, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112051232/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60022654/|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$1,644,102 |$1,642,165 |$1,937 |$644,913 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$1,642,165''' |- |data-sort-value="Castle, Darrell" |Darrell Castle<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60021102/ |title=CASTLE, DARRELL LANE - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |work=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 12, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112051556/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60021102/|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$72,264 |$68,063 |$4,200 |$4,902 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$68,063''' |- |data-sort-value="La Riva, Gloria" |[[Gloria La Riva]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P80005572/?cycle=2016&election_full=true |title=LA RIVA, GLORIA ESTELA - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |work=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 12, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721082243/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P80005572/?cycle=2016&election_full=true|archive-date=July 21, 2020}}</ref> |$31,408 |$32,611 |$0 |$0 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$32,611''' |- |data-sort-value="Moorehead, Monica" |[[Monica Moorehead]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60004405/ |title=MOOREHEAD, MONICA GAIL - Candidate overview|publisher=Federal Election Commission |work=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 12, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112052129/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60004405/|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$14,313 |$15,355 |<!--leave this space to avoid table formatting breakage--> -$1,043 |<!--leave this space to avoid table formatting breakage--> -$5,500<ref group=upper-alpha>Debt owed ''to'' committee</ref> |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$15,355''' |- |data-sort-value="Skewes, Peter" |[[Peter Skewes]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60012960/ |title=SKEWES, PETER ALAN PH.D. - Candidate overview |publisher=Federal Election Commission |work=fec.gov |year=2016 |access-date=November 12, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112052402/https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/P60012960/|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref> |$8,216 |$8,216 |$0 |$4,000 |$0 |$0 |$0 |'''$8,216''' |} {{notelist-ua}} === Voting rights === The 2016 presidential election was the first in 50 years without all the protections of the original [[Voting Rights Act]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Berman |first1=Ari |website=The Nation |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/the-gops-attack-on-voting-rights-was-the-most-under-covered-story-of-2016/ |title=The GOP's Attack on Voting Rights Was the Most Under-Covered Story of 2016 |date=November 9, 2016 |access-date=November 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214200203/https://www.thenation.com/article/the-gops-attack-on-voting-rights-was-the-most-under-covered-story-of-2016/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Fourteen states had [[Voter suppression in the United States#2016 presidential election|new voting restrictions in place]], including swing states such as Virginia and Wisconsin.<ref>{{cite web |website=Brennan Center for Justice |url=https://www.brennancenter.org/new-voting-restrictions-america |title=New Voting Restrictions in America}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |website=The Nation |title=Wisconsin's Voter-ID Law Suppressed 200,000 Votes in 2016 (Trump Won by 22,748); A new study shows how voter-ID laws decreased turnout among African-American and Democratic voters |date=May 9, 2017 |last1=Berman |first1=Ari |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/wisconsins-voter-id-law-suppressed-200000-votes-trump-won-by-23000/ |access-date=November 14, 2018 |archive-date=January 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115013709/https://www.thenation.com/article/wisconsins-voter-id-law-suppressed-200000-votes-trump-won-by-23000/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Green |first1=Matthew |website=[[KQED Inc.|KQED]] |url=https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/11/08/how-to-navigate-americas-perplexing-patchwork-of-voting-laws/ |title=MAP: States With New Voting Restrictions in Place for the 2016 Presidential Election |date=November 8, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Milligan |first1=Susan |website=U.S. News & World Report |title=I (Wish I) Voted: Recent changes to voting rights impact elections |date=April 1, 2016 |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2016-04-01/voting-restrictions-are-impacting-elections}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Berry |first1=Deborah Barfield |website=[[USA Today]] |date=January 29, 2016 |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2016/01/29/new-state-voting-laws-face-first-presidential-election-test/79534420/ |title=New state voting laws face first presidential election test}}</ref> === Newspaper endorsements === {{Main|Newspaper endorsements in the 2016 United States presidential election}} Clinton was endorsed by ''The New York Times'',<ref name=NYTboardx>{{cite news|last=Editorial Board |title=Hillary Clinton for President |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 24, 2016 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/25/opinion/sunday/hillary-clinton-for-president.html| access-date =September 24, 2016}}</ref> the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'',<ref name=hil-pol>{{cite news |title=LA Times endorses Clinton, bashes Trump |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=September 23, 2016 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2016/09/la-times-endorses-clinton-228566| access-date =September 24, 2016}}</ref> the ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'',<ref name=hil-hou>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/01/politics/houston-chronicle-hillary-clinton-endorsement/ |title=Hillary Clinton endorsed by Houston Chronicle, Trump 'danger to the Republic' |first=Naomi |last=Lim |work=[[CNN]] |date=August 1, 2016}}</ref> the ''[[San Jose Mercury News]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/10/21/editorial-hillary-clinton-for-president/ |title=Editorial: In battle for America's soul, Hillary Clinton is our pick |date=October 21, 2016 |work=The San Jose Mercury News}}</ref> the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]''<ref name=hil-cst>{{cite web |url=http://chicago.suntimes.com/opinion/editorial-vote-for-clinton-and-avert-a-train-wreck/ |title=Editorial: Vote for Clinton and avert a train wreck |work=Chicago Sun-Times|access-date=September 30, 2016}}</ref> and the ''[[New York Daily News]]''<ref name=hil-nydn>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/daily-news-editorial-board-hillary-clinton-president-article-1.2730476 |title=Daily News Editorial Board says Vote Hillary Clinton: She's the best choice for President, while Donald Trump represents a clear and present danger to the republic |date=July 28, 2016 |work=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |location=New York}}</ref> editorial boards. Several papers which endorsed Clinton, such as the ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'',<ref name=hil-hou /> ''[[The Dallas Morning News]]'',<ref name=hil-dmn>{{cite news |url=http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20160907-we-recommend-hillary-clinton-for-president.ece |title=We recommend Hillary Clinton for president |date=September 6, 2016 |work=The Dallas Morning News}}</ref> ''[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]]'',<ref name=":UT">{{Cite news |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/editorials/sd-hillary-clinton-endorsement-for-president-20160929-story.html |title=Endorsement Why Hillary Clinton is the safe choice for president |date=September 30, 2016 |work=[[The San Diego Union-Tribune]]}}</ref> ''[[The Columbus Dispatch]]''<ref name=hil-cd>{{Cite news |url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/editorials/2016/10/09/1-editorial-for-president-trump-unfit-clinton-is-qualified.html |title=For president: Trump unfit, Clinton is qualified |work=The Columbus Dispatch|access-date=October 9, 2016 }}</ref> and ''[[The Arizona Republic]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.azcentral.com/story/opinion/editorial/2016/09/27/hillary-clinton-endorsement/91198668/|title=Endorsement: Hillary Clinton is the only choice to move America ahead |author=The Arizona Republic Editorial Board |date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> endorsed their first Democratic candidate for many decades. ''[[The Atlantic (magazine)|The Atlantic]]'', which has been in circulation since 1857, gave Clinton its third-ever endorsement (after [[Abraham Lincoln]] and [[Lyndon Johnson]]).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/11/the-case-for-hillary-clinton-and-against-donald-trump/501161/ |title=The Case for Hillary Clinton And Against Donald Trump |website=[[The Atlantic]] |date=October 5, 2016}}</ref> Trump, who frequently criticized the [[mainstream media]], was not endorsed by the vast majority of newspapers.<ref name=Trumpstrikes>{{cite news |last1=Diaz |first1=John |title=Trump strikes out on newspaper endorsements |url=http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/diaz/article/Trump-strikes-out-on-newspaper-endorsements-9952303.php |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |access-date=October 26, 2016 |date=October 7, 2016}}</ref><ref name=HodZeroEnd>{{cite web |last1=Hod |first1=Italy |title=Donald Trump Makes History With Zero Major Newspaper Endorsements |date=October 7, 2016 |url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/donald-trump-makes-history-zero-major-newspaper-endorsements-000943174.html |publisher=[[Yahoo! News]] |access-date=October 26, 2016}}</ref> The ''[[Las Vegas Review-Journal]]'',<ref name=Tru-lvjr>{{cite web |title=Editorial:Donald Trump for president |url=http://www.reviewjournal.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-donald-trump-president |publisher=Las Vegas Journal-Review |access-date=October 26, 2016}}</ref> ''[[The Florida Times-Union]]'',<ref>{{cite web |title=Editorial: Trump is the change agent America needs |url=http://jacksonville.com/opinion/2016-11-04/editorial-trump-change-agent-america-needs |website=jacksonville.com}}</ref> and the tabloid ''[[National Enquirer]]'' were his highest profile supporters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2016/05/09/trumps_tabloid_130505.html |last=Cannon |first=Carl |title=Trump's tabloid |work=RealClearPolitics.com |date=May 9, 2016 |access-date=May 15, 2016}}</ref> ''[[USA Today]]'', which had not endorsed any candidate since it was founded in 1982, broke tradition by giving an anti-endorsement against Trump, declaring him "unfit for the presidency."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-live-updates-trailguide-don-t-vote-for-trump-says-usa-today-1475192834-htmlstory.html |title=Campaign 2016 updates: Another newspaper that has long backed GOP candidates bucks Donald Trump |date=September 30, 2016 |via=Los Angeles Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2016/09/29/dont-vote-for-donald-trump-editorial-board-editorials-debates/91295020/|title=USA TODAY's Editorial Board: Trump is 'unfit for the presidency'|author=The Editorial Board|website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Gary Johnson received endorsements from several major daily newspapers, including the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Editorial: A principled option for U.S. president: Endorsing Gary Johnson, Libertarian |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/opinion/editorials/ct-gary-johnson-president-endorsement-edit-1002-20160930-story.html |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |access-date=October 26, 2016 |date=September 30, 2016}}</ref> and the ''[[Richmond Times-Dispatch]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.richmond.com/opinion/editorial/editorial---gary-johnson-remains-the-best-choice-for-president-part-iv/article_4caf36d8-c948-519c-9d2c-1955ce8813e3.html|title=Editorial - Gary Johnson remains the best choice for president, part IV|access-date=June 11, 2020 |date=November 3, 2016}}</ref> Other traditionally Republican papers, including the ''[[New Hampshire Union Leader]]'', which had endorsed the Republican nominee in every election for the last 100 years,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/09/14/politics/gary-johnson-joe-mcquaid-union-leader-new-hampshire/ |title=Union Leader breaks with 100-year tradition, endorses Gary Johnson |first1=Daniella |last1=Diaz |first2=Cassie |last2=Spodak |work=[[CNN]] |date=September 14, 2016 |access-date=September 27, 2016}}</ref> and ''[[The Detroit News]]'', which had not endorsed a non-Republican in its 143 years,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/opinion/editorials/2016/09/28/endorse-johnson-president/91254412/ |title=Endorsement: Libertarian Gary Johnson for president|access-date=October 6, 2016}}</ref> endorsed Gary Johnson. 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