Lord's Prayer Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===Doxology=== {{Blockquote | <poem>For thine is the kingdom, the power, and the glory, For ever and ever. Amen.</poem>}} {{see also|Matthew 6:13}} ====Content==== The [[doxology]] sometimes attached to the prayer in English is similar to a passage in [[1 Chronicles 29:11]] – "Yours, O LORD, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O LORD, and you are exalted as head above all."<ref>{{Bibleverse|1Chron|29:11|ESV|1 Chronicles|29:11}}</ref>{{sfn|Black|2018|p=228}} It is also similar to the paean to [[Nebuchadnezzar II|King Nebuchadnezzar]] of Babylon in [[Daniel 2]]:37 – "You, O king, the king of kings, to whom the God of heaven has given the kingdom, the power, and the might, and the glory".<ref>{{Bibleverse|Dan|2:37|ESV|Daniel|2:37}}</ref>{{sfn|Black|2018|p=228}}{{sfn|Taylor|1994|p=69}} The doxology has been interpreted as connected with the final petition: "Deliver us from evil". The kingdom, the power and the glory are the Father's, not of our antagonist's, who is subject to him to whom Christ will hand over the kingdom after he has destroyed all dominion, authority and power ([[1 Corinthians 15]]:24). It makes the prayer end as well as begin with the vision of God in heaven, in the majesty of his name and kingdom and the perfection of his will and purpose.<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p4s2a4.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2855]</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Hope Robertson|title=Gathered lights; illustrating the meaning and structure of the Lord's prayer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rekCAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA215|year=1858|pages=214–219}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Robert M. Solomon|title=The Prayer of Jesus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fr7fM_qjbNMC|year=2009|publisher=Armour Publishing Pte Ltd|isbn=978-981-4270-10-6|page=250}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=William Denton|title=A Commentary Practical and Exegetical on the Lord's Prayer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UpoEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA172|year=1864|publisher=Rivingtons|pages=172–178}}</ref> ====Origin==== The doxology is not included in Luke's version of the Lord's Prayer, nor is it present in the earliest manuscripts (papyrus or parchment) of Matthew,<ref>Nicholas Ayo (1993), ''The Lord's Prayer: A Survey Theological and Literary'', University of Notre Dame Press, p. 7, {{ISBN|978-0-268-01292-2}}</ref> representative of the Alexandrian text, although it is present in the manuscripts representative of the later [[Byzantine text-type|Byzantine text]].{{sfn|Clontz|Clontz|2008|p=8}} Most scholars do not consider it part of the original text of Matthew.<ref>David E. Aune 2010, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ygcgn8h-jo4C&pg=PA299 ''The Blackwell Companion to the New Testament''] (Blackwell {{ISBN|978-1-4051-0825-6}}), p. 299.</ref><ref>Kurt Aland and Barbara Aland 1998, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC&pg=PA306 ''The Text of the New Testament''] (Eerdmans {{ISBN|0-8028-4098-1}}), p. 306.</ref> The [[Codex Washingtonianus]], which adds a doxology (in the familiar text), is of the early fifth or late fourth century.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Joseph M. Holden|author2=Norman Geisler|title=The Popular Handbook of Archaeology and the Bible: Discoveries That Confirm the Reliability of Scripture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b6WGSkPqUyUC&pg=PA117|date=1 August 2013|publisher=Harvest House Publishers|isbn=978-0-7369-4485-4|page=117}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Larry W. Hurtado|title=The Freer Biblical Manuscripts: Fresh Studies of an American Treasure Trove|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7h-R8A9Ws0EC&pg=PA227|year=2006|publisher=Society of Biblical Lit|isbn=978-1-58983-208-4|page=227}}</ref> New translations generally omit it except as a footnote.<ref>{{cite book|author=Michael J. Gorman|title=Scripture: An Ecumenical Introduction to the Bible and Its Interpretation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQr2AAAAQBAJ&pg=PT128|date=1 September 2005|publisher=Baker Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-4412-4165-8|page=128}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=David S. Dockery|author2=David E. Garland|title=Seeking the Kingdom: The Sermon on the Mount Made Practical for Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0UZLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA80|date=10 December 2004|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|isbn=978-1-59752-009-6|page=80}}</ref> The ''[[Didache]]'', generally considered a first-century text, has a doxology, "for yours is the power and the glory forever", as a conclusion for the Lord's Prayer (''Didache'', 8:2).{{sfn|Taylor|1994|p=69}}{{sfn|Black|2018|p=227}}{{sfn|Richardson|1953|p=174}} C. Clifton Black, although regarding the ''Didache'' as an "early second century" text, nevertheless considers the doxology it contains to be the "earliest additional ending we can trace".{{sfn|Black|2018|p=227}} Of a longer version,{{efn|"For yours is <u>the kingdom</u> and <u>the power</u> and <u>the glory</u> unto the ages. Amen. (AT) [emphasis in original]"{{sfn|Black|2018|p=228}}}} Black observes: "Its earliest appearance may have been in Tatian's ''[[Diatessaron]]'', a second-century harmony of the four Gospels".{{sfn|Black|2018|p=228}} The first three editions of the [[United Bible Societies]] text cited the ''Diatessaron'' for inclusion of the familiar doxology in Matthew 6:13, but in the later editions it cites the ''Diatessaron'' for excluding it.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Matthew R. Crawford|author2=Nicholas J. Zola|title=The Gospel of Tatian: Exploring the Nature and Text of the Diatessaron|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XKOfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA227|date=11 July 2019|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-0-567-67989-5|page=227}}</ref>{{Specify |reason=See Talk:Zola & UBS |date=July 2020}} The ''[[Apostolic Constitutions]]'' added "the kingdom" to the beginning of the formula in the ''Didache'', thus establishing the now familiar doxology.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Alexander Roberts|author2=Sir James Donaldson|title=Ante-Nicene Christian Library: The Clementine homilies. The Apostolic constitutions (1870)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QWVKAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA105|year=1870|publisher=T. and T. Clark|page=105}}</ref><ref>Apostolic Constitutions, 7, 24, 1: PG 1,1016</ref><ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p4s2.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2760]</ref> ====Varied liturgical use==== In the [[Byzantine Rite]], whenever a priest is officiating, after the last line of the prayer he intones the doxology, "For thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory: of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, now and ever, and unto ages of ages.",{{efn|In Greek: {{lang|grc|Ὅτι σοῦ ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία καὶ ἡ δύναμις καὶ ἡ δόξα· τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος· νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων.}}}} and in either instance, reciter(s) of the prayer reply "Amen". Adding a doxology to the Our Father is not part of the liturgical tradition of the [[Roman Rite]] nor does the Latin [[Vulgate]] of St. [[Jerome]] contain the doxology that appears in late Greek manuscripts. However, it is recited since 1970 in the Roman Rite [[Order of Mass]], not as part of the Lord's Prayer but separately as a response acclamation after the [[Embolism (liturgy)|embolism]] developing the seventh petition in the perspective of the Final Coming of Christ. In most Anglican editions of the ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'', the Lord's Prayer ends with the doxology unless it is preceded by the [[Kyrie|Kyrie eleison]]. This happens at the daily offices of Morning Prayer ([[Mattins]]) and Evening Prayer ([[Evensong]]) and in a few other offices. {{efn|For instance, in [http://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-worship/worship/texts/principal-services/word/mornevebcp/morningbcp.aspx Morning Prayer] the doxology is included in the Lord's Prayer in the Introduction, but not in the Prayers after the Apostles' Creed because it is preceded by the ''Kyrie eleison''.}} The vast majority of [[Protestantism|Protestant]] churches conclude the Lord's Prayer with the doxology. 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