Wine Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! == Classification == {{Main|Classification of wine}} [[File:Wine grapes03.jpg|thumb|upright|Wine grapes on a vine]] Regulations govern the classification and sale of wine in many regions of the world. European wines tend to be classified by region (e.g. [[Bordeaux wine|Bordeaux]], [[Rioja (wine)|Rioja]] and [[Chianti]]), while non-European wines are most often classified by grape (e.g. [[Pinot noir]] and [[Merlot]]). Market recognition of particular regions has recently been leading to their increased prominence on non-European wine labels. Examples of recognized non-European locales include [[Napa Valley AVA|Napa Valley]], Santa Clara Valley, [[Sonoma Valley AVA|Sonoma Valley]], Anderson Valley, and [[Mendocino County]] in California; [[Willamette Valley (wine)|Willamette Valley]] and [[Rogue Valley AVA|Rogue Valley]] in [[Oregon (wine)|Oregon]]; [[Columbia Valley (wine)|Columbia Valley]] in [[Washington (wine)|Washington]]; [[Barossa Valley (wine)|Barossa Valley]] in [[South Australia (wine)|South Australia]]; [[Hunter Valley (wine)|Hunter Valley]] in [[New South Wales (wine)|New South Wales]]; Luján de Cuyo in [[Argentina (wine)|Argentina]]; Vale dos Vinhedos in [[Brazil]]; [[Hawke's Bay Region|Hawke's Bay]] and [[Marlborough Region|Marlborough]] in [[New Zealand (wine)|New Zealand]]; Central Valley in [[Chile (wine)|Chile]]; and in [[Canadian wine|Canada]], the [[Okanagan Valley (wine)|Okanagan Valley]] of [[British Columbia wine|British Columbia]], and the [[Niagara Peninsula]] and [[Essex County, Ontario|Essex County]] regions of [[Ontario wine|Ontario]] are the three largest producers. Some blended wine names are marketing terms whose use is governed by [[trademark]] law rather than by specific wine laws. For example, [[Meritage]] is generally a Bordeaux-style blend of [[Cabernet Sauvignon]] and Merlot, but may also include [[Cabernet Franc]], [[Petit Verdot]], and [[Malbec]]. Commercial use of the term Meritage is allowed only via licensing agreements with the Meritage Association. === European classifications === [[File:Moscato d'Asti.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Italian [[Moscato d'Asti]], a [[Denominazione di origine controllata|DOCG]] wine]] France has various [[appellation]] systems based on the concept of ''terroir'', with classifications ranging from ''[[Vin de Table]]'' ("table wine") at the bottom, through ''[[Vin de Pays]]'' and ''[[Appellation d'Origine Vin Délimité de Qualité Supérieure]]'' (AOVDQS), up to ''[[Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée]]'' (AOC) or similar, depending on the region.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.terroir-france.com/wine/rates.htm |title=Wine classification |access-date=22 June 2007 |work=French Wine Guide |archive-date=1 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801163958/http://www.terroir-france.com/wine/rates.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wineanorak.com/terroir2.htm |title=Terroir revisited: towards a working definition |access-date=22 June 2007 |last=Goode |first=Jamie |archive-date=23 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323181113/https://wineanorak.com/terroir2.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Portugal]] has developed a system resembling that of France and, in fact, pioneered this concept in 1756 with a royal charter creating the Demarcated Douro Region and regulating the production and trade of wine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.250rdd.utad.pt/en/index.html |title=The Spirit of the Commemorations |access-date=25 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523163736/http://www.250rdd.utad.pt/en/index.html |archive-date=23 May 2008 }}</ref> Germany created a similar scheme in 2002, although it has not yet achieved the authority of the other countries' classification systems.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.germanwinesociety.org/wine_classification.htm |title=About German Wine |access-date=22 June 2007 |work=German wine society |archive-date=4 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904060723/http://www.germanwinesociety.org/wine_classification.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewinedoctor.com/regionalguides/germanylawsandclassifications.shtml |title=German Wine Guide: Wine Laws and Classifications |access-date=22 June 2007 |work=The Winedoctor |archive-date=22 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122121449/http://www.thewinedoctor.com/regionalguides/germanylawsandclassifications.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Spain]], [[Greece]] and [[Italy]] have classifications based on a dual system of region of origin and product quality.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.winesfromspain.com/icex/cda/controller/pageGen/0,3346,1549487_4938361_4938888_1_-1,00.html |title=Land of wines |access-date=17 July 2007 |work=Wines from Spain |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831222708/http://www.winesfromspain.com/icex/cda/controller/pageGen/0,3346,1549487_4938361_4938888_1_-1,00.html |archive-date=31 August 2007 }}</ref> === Beyond Europe === [[New World wines]]—those made outside the traditional wine regions of Europe—are usually classified by grape rather than by ''terroir'' or region of origin, although there have been unofficial attempts to classify them by quality.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nicks.com.au/Index.aspx?link_id=76.907 |title=Towards an Australian Wine Classification |last=Chlebnikowski |first=Simon |author2=Alex Chlebnikowski |access-date=26 June 2008 |publisher=Nicks Wine Merchants |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080504155940/http://www.nicks.com.au/Index.aspx?link_id=76.907 |archive-date=4 May 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.camwheeler.com/wine/2005/langtons-australian-wine-classification-iv/ |title=Langton's Australian Wine Classification IV |access-date=26 June 2008 |date=27 July 2007 |archive-date=27 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227135931/http://www.camwheeler.com/wine/2005/langtons-australian-wine-classification-iv/ |url-status=live }}</ref>{{update inline|date=February 2020}} According to Canadian Food and Drug Regulations, wine in Canada is an alcoholic drink that is produced by the complete or partial alcoholic fermentation of fresh grapes, grape must, products derived solely from fresh grapes, or any combination of them. There are many materials added during the course of the manufacture, such as yeast, concentrated grape juice, [[dextrose]], [[fructose]], [[glucose]] or glucose solids, [[inverted sugar syrup|invert sugar]], sugar, or aqueous solutions. [[Calcium sulphate]] in such quantity that the content of soluble sulphates in the finished wine shall not exceed 0.2 percent weight by volume calculated as potassium sulphate. [[Calcium carbonate]] in such quantity that the content of [[tartaric acid]] in the finished wine shall not be less than 0.15 percent weight by volume. Also, [[sulphurous acid]], including salts thereof, in such quantity that its content in the finished wine shall not exceed 70 parts per million in the free state, or 350 parts per million in the combined state, calculated as sulphur dioxide. Caramel, [[amylase]] and [[pectinase]] at a maximum level of use consistent with good manufacturing practice. Brandy, fruit spirit or alcohol derived from the alcoholic fermentation of a food source distilled to not less than 94 percent alcohol by volume.{{clarify|seems not to be a complete sentence|date=May 2019}} Prior to final filtration may be treated with a strongly acid cation exchange resin in the sodium ion form, or a weakly basic anion exchange resin in the hydroxyl ion form.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-31.html#h-62|title=Consolidated federal laws of canada, Food and Drug Regulations|last=Branch|first=Legislative Services|website=laws.justice.gc.ca|language=en|access-date=2017-07-19|archive-date=17 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717042107/http://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-31.html#h-62|url-status=live}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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