Pentecost

== Music ==
[[List of hymns for Pentecost|Several hymns were written and composed for Pentecost]], the earliest in use today being ''[[Veni Creator Spiritus]]'' in (Come, Creator Spirit), attributed to the 9th-century [[Rabanus Maurus]], and translated throughout the centuries in different languages.

This one and some more are suitable also for other occasions imploring the Holy Spirit, such as [[Ordination in the Catholic Church|ordinations]] and [[coronation]]s, as well as the beginning of school years.

=== Classical compositions ===
{{More citations needed|section|date=May 2018}}
The [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] church of the [[Baroque]] observed three days of Pentecost. Some composers wrote sacred [[cantata]]s to be performed in the church services of these days. [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] composed several [[Bach cantata|cantatas]] for [[List of church cantatas by liturgical occasion#Pentecost|Pentecost]], including [[Erschallet, ihr Lieder, erklinget, ihr Saiten! BWV 172|''Erschallet, ihr Lieder, erklinget, ihr Saiten!'' BWV 172]], in 1714 and [[Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt, BWV 68|''Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt'', BWV 68]], in 1725. [[Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel]] wrote cantatas such as ''Werdet voll Geistes'' (Get full of spirit) in 1737.<ref>[http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2005/May05/Stolzel_9998762.htm Cantatas for Pentecost] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629165554/http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2005/May05/Stolzel_9998762.htm |date=2011-06-29 }} review of the 2002 recording by Johan van Veen, 2005</ref> Mozart composed an antiphon ''[[Veni Sancte Spiritus (Mozart)|Veni Sancte Spiritus]]'' in 1768.

Gustav Mahler composed a setting of Maurus' hymn "Veni, Creator Spiritus" as the first part of his Symphony No. 8, premiered in 1910.

[[Olivier Messiaen]] composed an organ mass ''[[Messe de la Pentecôte]]'' in 1949/50. In 1964 [[Fritz Werner]] wrote an [[oratorio]] for Pentecost ''Veni, sancte spiritus'' (Come, Holy Spirit) on the sequence ''[[Veni Sancte Spiritus]]'', and [[Jani Christou]] wrote ''Tongues of Fire'', a Pentecost oratorio. [[Richard Hillert]] wrote a ''Motet for the Day of Pentecost'' for choir, vibraphone, and prepared electronic tape in 1969. [[Violeta Dinescu]] composed ''Pfingstoratorium'', an oratorio for Pentecost for five soloists, mixed chorus and small orchestra in 1993. Daniel Elder's 21st century piece, "Factus est Repente", for a cappella choir, was premiered in 2013.