Moses Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===Christianity=== [[File:The-Transfiguration-1480-xx-Giovanni-Bellini.JPG|thumb|upright=1.15|[[Transfiguration of Christ (Bellini)|Moses, to the left of Jesus]], at the [[Transfiguration of Jesus]], by [[Giovanni Bellini]], {{circa|1480}}]] Moses is mentioned more often in the [[New Testament]] than any other [[Old Testament]] figure. For [[Christianity|Christians]], Moses is often a symbol of [[Divine law|God's law]], as reinforced and [[Expounding of the Law|expounded on]] in the teachings of [[Jesus]]. New Testament writers often compared Jesus' words and deeds with Moses' to explain Jesus' mission. In [[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]] 7:39–43, 51–53, for example, the rejection of Moses by the Jews who worshipped the [[golden calf]] is likened to the rejection of Jesus by the Jews that continued in traditional Judaism.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Acts |series=IVP New Testament Commentary Series|last=Larkin|first=William J.|publisher=Intervarsity Press Academic|year=1995|isbn=978-0-8308-1805-1}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+7&version=NIV|title=Bible Gateway passage: Acts 7 – New International Version|website=Bible Gateway|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> Moses also figures in several of Jesus' messages. When he met the [[Pharisees|Pharisee]] [[Nicodemus]] at night in the third chapter of the [[Gospel of John]], he compared Moses' lifting up of the [[Nehushtan|bronze serpent]] in the wilderness, which any Israelite could look at and be healed, to his own lifting up (by his death and [[resurrection]]) for the people to look at and be healed. In the sixth chapter, Jesus responded to the people's claim that Moses provided them ''[[manna]]'' in the wilderness by saying that it was not Moses, but God, who provided. Calling himself the "[[Bread of Life Discourse|bread of life]]", Jesus stated that he was provided to feed God's people.<ref>{{cite web |title=John 6:35 (KJV) |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A35&version=KJV |website=www.biblegateway.com |access-date=4 January 2020 |quote=And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst.}}</ref> Moses, along with [[Elijah]], is presented as meeting with Jesus in all three [[Synoptic Gospels]] of the [[Transfiguration of Jesus]] in [[Matthew 17]], [[Mark 9]], and [[Luke 9]]. In [[Matthew 23]], in what is the first attested use of a phrase referring to this rabbinical usage (the Graeco-Aramaic {{lang|he|קתדרא דמשה}}), Jesus refers to the scribes and the Pharisees, in a passage critical of them, as having seated themselves "on the chair of Moses" ({{lang-gr|Ἐπὶ τῆς Μωϋσέως καθέδρας }}, ''epì tēs Mōüséōs kathédras'')<ref>{{bibleverse||Matthew|23:2|HCSB}}</ref><ref name="Tomson2019">{{cite book|first=Peter J.|last=Tomson|title=Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z1mHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA501|date=11 February 2019|publisher=Mohr Siebeck|isbn=978-3-16-154619-8|page=517}}</ref> His relevance to modern Christianity has not diminished. Moses is considered to be a [[saint]] by several churches; and is commemorated as a prophet in the respective [[Calendar of saints|Calendars of Saints]] of the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]], the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]], and the [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] churches on September 4. In [[September 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)|Eastern Orthodox liturgics]] for September 4, Moses is commemorated as the "Holy Prophet and God-seer Moses, on Mount Nebo".<ref>Great [[Synaxarium|Synaxaristes]]: {{in lang|el}} ''[http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/552/sxsaintinfo.aspx Ὁ Προφήτης Μωϋσῆς].'' 4 Σεπτεμβρίου. μεγασ συναξαριστης.</ref><ref>[http://oca.org/saints/lives/2016/09/04/102490-holy-prophet-and-god-seer-moses "Holy Prophet and God-seer Moses"]. ''Lives of the Saints''. OCA.</ref>{{refn|According to the Orthodox [[Menaion]], September 4 was the day that Moses saw the [[Promised Land|Land of Promise]].<ref>"September 4: The Holy God-seer Moses the Prophet and Aaron His Brother". In: ''The Menaion'', Volume 1, The Month of September. Translated from the Greek by the Holy Transfiguration Monastery. Boston, Massachusetts, 2005. p. 67.</ref>|group="note"}} The Orthodox Church also commemorates him on the [[Nativity Fast#Sunday of the Forefathers|Sunday of the Forefathers]], two Sundays before the [[Nativity of Jesus|Nativity]].<ref>[http://www.orthodoxengland.org.uk/sermhff.htm ''The Sunday of the Holy Forefathers'']. St John's Orthodox Church, Colchester, Essex, England.</ref> Moses is also commemorated on July 20 with [[Aaron]], [[Elijah|Elias]] (Elijah) and [[Elisha|Eliseus]] (Elisha)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mojżesz|url=https://deon.pl/imiona-swietych/mojzesz,6365|access-date=2021-09-03|website=DEON.pl|language=pl}}</ref> and on April 14 with all saint [[Sinaia Monastery|Sinai]] monks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Пророк Моисе́й Боговидец|url=https://azbyka.ru/days/sv-moisej-bogovidec|access-date=2021-09-03|website=azbyka.ru|language=ru}}</ref> The [[Armenian Apostolic Church]] commemorates him as one of the Holy Forefathers in their [[Calendar of Saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)|Calendar of Saints]] on July 30.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.armenianchurch.org/index.jsp?sid=1&id=1904&pid=33|script-title=hy:Տոնական օրեր|language=hy|website=Armenian Church|access-date=31 August 2017}}</ref> ====Catholicism==== In Catholicism Moses is seen as a [[Typology (theology)|type]] of [[Jesus Christ]]. [[Justus Knecht]] writes: {{Blockquote|Through Moses God instituted the Old Law, on which account he is called the mediator of the Old Law. As such, Moses was a striking type of Jesus Christ, who instituted the New Law. Moses, as a child, was condemned to death by a [[Herod the Great|cruel king]], and was saved in a wonderful way; Jesus Christ was condemned by Herod, and also wonderfully saved. Moses forsook the king's court so as to help his persecuted brethren; the Son of God left the glory of heaven to save us sinners. Moses prepared himself in the desert for his vocation, freed his people from slavery, and proved his divine mission by great miracles; Jesus Christ proved by still greater miracles that He was the only begotten Son of God. Moses was the advocate of his people; Jesus was our advocate with His Father on the Cross, and is eternally so in heaven. Moses was the law-giver of his people and announced to them the word of God: Jesus Christ is the supreme law-giver, and not only announced God's word, but is Himself the Eternal Word made flesh. Moses was the leader of the people to the [[Promised Land]]: Jesus is our leader on our journey to heaven.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=[[s:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture/XXXVII. The Golden Calf|XXXVII. The Golden Calf]]|title=A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture|year=1910|publisher=B. Herder|first=Friedrich Justus|last=Knecht|author-link=Justus Knecht}}</ref>}} ====Mormonism==== {{Main|Book of Moses}} Members of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (colloquially called [[Mormons]]) generally view Moses in the same way that other Christians do. However, in addition to accepting the biblical account of Moses, Mormons include [[Book of Moses|Selections from the Book of Moses]] as part of their scriptural canon.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Skinner |first=Andrew C. |author-link=Andrew C. Skinner |title=Moses |contribution-url=http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/EoM/id/3959 |pages=958–59 |editor1-last=Ludlow |editor1-first=Daniel H. |editor1-link=Daniel H. Ludlow |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Mormonism]] |location=New York |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishing]] |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-02-879602-4 |oclc=24502140}}</ref> This book is believed to be the translated writings of Moses and is included in the [[Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism)|Pearl of Great Price]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Taylor |first=Bruce T. |title=Book of Moses |pages=216–217 |editor1-last=Ludlow |editor1-first=Daniel H |editor1-link=Daniel H. Ludlow |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia of Mormonism]] |location=New York |publisher=[[Macmillan Publishing]] |year=1992 |isbn=978-0-02-879602-4 |oclc=24502140 |contribution-url=http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/EoM/id/5555}}</ref> Latter-day Saints are also unique in believing that Moses was taken to heaven without having tasted death ([[Translation (LDS Church)|translated]]). In addition, [[Joseph Smith]] and [[Oliver Cowdery]] stated that on April 3, 1836, Moses appeared to them in the [[Kirtland Temple]] (located in [[Kirtland, Ohio]]) in a glorified, immortal, physical form and bestowed upon them the "keys of the gathering of Israel from the four parts of the earth, and the leading of the [[Ten Lost Tribes#Latter-day Saint Movement|ten tribes]] from the land of the north".<ref>The [[Doctrine and Covenants]] [https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/110.11?lang=eng 110:11]</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! 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