Chicago

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Chicago}}
{{US Census population
|1840= 4470
|1850= 29963
|1860= 112172
|1870= 298977
|1880= 503185
|1890= 1099850
|1900= 1698575
|1910= 2185283
|1920= 2701705
|1930= 3376438
|1940= 3396808
|1950= 3620962
|1960= 3550404
|1970= 3366957
|1980= 3005072
|1990= 2783726
|2000= 2896016
|2010= 2695598
|2020= 2746388
|estyear= 2022
|estimate= 2665039
|estref= 
|align-fn=center
|footnote=United States Census Bureau<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 19, 2007|archive-date=July 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717060613/https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />2010–2020<ref name="QuickFacts"/>
}}
During its first hundred years, Chicago was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. By the time of its first census, seven years later, the population had reached over 4,000. In the forty years from 1850 to 1890, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1&nbsp;million. At the end of the 19th century, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201f.htm |title=Top 10 Cities of the Year 1900 |publisher=Geography.about.com |access-date=May 4, 2009 |archive-date=September 20, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050920013856/http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201f.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the largest of the cities that did not exist at the dawn of the century. Within sixty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population went from about 300,000 to over 3&nbsp;million,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tigger.uic.edu/depts/ahaa/imagebase/chimaps/mcclendon.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121211094742/http://tigger.uic.edu/depts/ahaa/imagebase/chimaps/mcclendon.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 11, 2012 |title=Chicago Growth 1850–1990: Maps by Dennis McClendon |access-date=August 19, 2007 |publisher=University Illinois Chicago}}
</ref> and reached its highest ever recorded population of 3.6&nbsp;million for the 1950 census.

From the last two decades of the 19th century, Chicago was the destination of waves of immigrants from Ireland, Southern, Central and Eastern Europe, including [[Italian Americans|Italians]], [[American Jews|Jews]], [[Russian Americans|Russians]], [[Polish Americans|Poles]], [[Greek Americans|Greeks]], [[Lithuanian Americans|Lithuanians]], [[Bulgarian Americans|Bulgarians]], [[Albanian Americans|Albanians]], [[Romanian Americans|Romanians]], [[Turkish Americans|Turkish]], [[Croatian Americans|Croatians]], [[Serbian Americans|Serbs]], [[Bosnian Americans|Bosnians]], [[Montenegrin Americans|Montenegrins]] and [[Czech Americans|Czechs]].<ref name="Cohen">Lizabeth Cohen, ''Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago, 1919–1939''. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1990; pp.&nbsp;33–34.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Russians|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1104.html|access-date=January 6, 2022|website=www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org|archive-date=March 18, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318074704/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1104.html|url-status=live}}</ref> To these ethnic groups, the basis of the city's industrial [[working class]], were added an additional influx of [[African-Americans|African Americans]] from the [[Southern United States|American South]]—with Chicago's black population doubling between 1910 and 1920 and doubling again between 1920 and 1930.<ref name=Cohen/> Chicago has a [[Bosnians in Chicago|significant Bosnian population]], many of whom arrived in the 1990s and 2000s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bosnians |url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/157.html |access-date=July 2, 2023 |website=www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org |archive-date=March 19, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319201618/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/157.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In the 1920s and 1930s, the great majority of African Americans moving to Chicago settled in a so‑called "[[Black Belt (region of Chicago)|Black Belt]]" on the city's [[South Side, Chicago|South Side]].<ref name=Cohen/> A large number of blacks also settled on the [[West Side, Chicago|West Side]]. By 1930, two-thirds of Chicago's black population lived in sections of the city which were 90% black in racial composition.<ref name=Cohen/> Around that time, a lesser known fact about African Americans on the [[List of neighborhoods in Chicago|North Side]] is that the block of 4600 Winthrop Avenue in [[Uptown, Chicago|Uptown]] was the only block African Americans could live or open establishments.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Giles |first=Sharon |url=https://www.amazon.com/CAN-YOU-TOO-Inspirations-award-winning/dp/B0C522W4Z5 |title=If we can do it, you can, too! |year=2023 |isbn=9798379235413 |editor-last=Sha |editor-first=Mandy |pages=44–46 |chapter=Uptown Girl |publisher=Amazon Digital Services LLC - Kdp |editor-last2=Lee |editor-first2=Cassandra}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Reddy |first=Gayatri |date=November 2, 2021 |title=Winthrop Family and Black Resilience on the North Side of Chicago |work=The Chicago Reporter |url=https://www.chicagoreporter.com/winthrop-family-and-black-resilience-on-the-north-side-of-chicago/ |access-date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Chicago's South Side emerged as United States second-largest urban black concentration, following New York's [[Harlem]]. In 1990, Chicago's South Side and the adjoining south suburbs constituted the largest black majority region in the entire United States.<ref name=Cohen/> Since the 1980s, Chicago has had a massive exodus of  African Americans (primarily from the South and West sides) to its suburbs or outside its metropolitan area.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://greatcities.uic.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Black-Population-Loss-in-Chicago.pdf |title=Fact Sheet: Black Population Loss in Chicago |publisher=Great Cities Institute University of Illinois at Chicago |date=July 2019 |access-date=April 3, 2024}}</ref> The above average crime and cost of living were leading reasons for the fast declining African American population in Chicago.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicago-black-population-decline-crime-job-loss/6d880f62-ba00-4b44-9e0a-57c50fc4f51d | title=Chicago areas with steep Black population decline see more violence and job loss |work=WBEZ Chicago |last=Loury |first=Alden | date=June 13, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2021/11/22/as-the-black-population-continues-to-drop-in-chicago-and-illinois-few-regret-their-move-i-have-peace/ | title=As the Black population continues to drop in Chicago and Illinois, few regret their move: 'I have peace' | website=[[Chicago Tribune]] | date=November 22, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://scrippsnews.com/stories/chicago-is-seeing-an-exodus-of-black-americans/ | title=Chicago is Seeing an Exodus of Black Americans |work=Scripps News |last=Schamisso |first=Ben |date=February 7, 2022 |access-date=April 3, 2024 }}</ref>

Most of Chicago's foreign-born population were born in [[Mexico]], [[Poland]] and [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/chicagos-immigrants-break-old-patterns|title=Chicago's Immigrants Break Old Patterns|date=September 2003 }}</ref>

Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6&nbsp;million in 1950 down to under 2.7&nbsp;million by 2010. By the time of the official census count in 1990, it was overtaken by [[Los Angeles]] as the United States' second largest city.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/1984/0413/041337.html |title=It's official: Los Angeles ousts Chicago as No. 2 city |author=Marshall Ingwerson |journal=Christian Science Monitor |date=April 13, 1984 |access-date=January 28, 2017 |archive-date=August 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816235400/https://www.csmonitor.com/1984/0413/041337.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The city has seen a rise in population for the 2000 census and after a decrease in 2010, it rose again for the 2020 census.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |title=U.S. Census website |access-date=September 1, 2014 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to U.S. census estimates {{as of|2019|July|lc=y}}, Chicago's largest racial or ethnic group is non-Hispanic White at 32.8% of the population, Blacks at 30.1% and the Hispanic population at 29.0% of the population.<ref name="ACP One Year CP05">{{cite web |title=Comparative Demographic Estimates – 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates Chicago |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/ |access-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://chicago.suntimes.com/chicago-politics/census-hispanics-surpass-blacks-as-chicagos-2nd-largest-racial-group/ |work=Chicago Sun Times |title=Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicago's 2nd-largest racial group |first=Mitchell |last=Armentrout |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929215921/https://chicago.suntimes.com/chicago-politics/census-hispanics-surpass-blacks-as-chicagos-2nd-largest-racial-group/ |archive-date=September 29, 2017 |date=September 14, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2017/09/15/hispanic-population-surges-in-chicago/ |work=CBS News |title=Hispanic Population Surges In Chicago, New Census Data Shows |first=Jeremy |last=Ross |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304055916/http://chicago.cbslocal.com/2017/09/15/hispanic-population-surges-in-chicago/ |archive-date=March 4, 2022 |date=September 15, 2017}}</ref><ref name="census1">{{cite web |title=Illinois – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |access-date=April 22, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812191959/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |archive-date=August 12, 2012}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Racial composition 
!2020<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=9700000US3408220&y=2020&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P4|publisher=US Census Bureau|title=2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)|access-date=February 4, 2022|archive-date=July 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712094355/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=9700000US3408220&y=2020&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P4|url-status=live}}</ref>!! 2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/1714000.html |title=Chicago (city), Illinois |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231062823/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/1714000.html |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>!! 1990<ref name="census1"/> !! 1970<ref name="census1"/> !! 1940<ref name="census1"/>
|-
|[[White Americans|White]] (non-Hispanic)
|31.4%||31.7% ||37.9% ||59.0%{{efn|name="fifteen"|From 15% sample}} ||91.2%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] 
|29.8%||28.9% ||19.6% ||7.4%{{efn|name="fifteen"}} ||0.5%
|-
|[[African American|Black or African American]] (non-Hispanic) 
|28.7%||32.3% ||39.1% ||32.7% ||8.2%
|-
|[[Asian American|Asian]] (non-Hispanic)
|6.9%||5.4% ||3.7% ||0.9% ||0.1%
|-
|[[Multiracial American|Two or more races]] (non-Hispanic)
|2.6% ||1.3% ||n/a ||n/a ||n/a
|}
[[File:Ethnic Origins in Chicago.png|thumb|Ethnic origins in Chicago|right]]
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Chicago (5560488484).png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in Chicago, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"; text-align:right; font-size:80%;
|+ Racial and ethnic composition as of the 2020 census<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Chicago+city,+Illinois&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1 |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=P2&g=160XX00US1714000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
|-
! Race or Ethnicity<br /> 
! colspan="2" data-sort-type=number |Race Alone
! colspan="2" data-sort-type=number |Total {{efn|The total for each race includes those who reported that race alone or in combination with other races. People who reported a combination of multiple races may be counted multiple times, so the sum of all percentages will exceed 100%.}}
|-
| [[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] 
|aline=right| {{bartable|35.9|%|2||background:gray}}
|aline=right| {{bartable|45.6|%|2||background:gray}}
|-
| [[African Americans|Black or African American]] 
|aline=right| {{bartable|29.2|%|2||background:mediumblue}}
|aline=right| {{bartable|30.8|%|2||background:mediumblue}}
|-
| [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]{{efn|Hispanic and Latino origins are separate from race in the U.S. Census. The Census does not distinguish between Latino origins alone or in combination. This row counts Hispanics and Latinos of any race.}}
|aline=right| {{bartable}}
|aline=right| {{bartable|29.8|%|2||background:green}}
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]] 
|aline=right| {{bartable|7.0|%|2||background:purple}}
|aline=right| {{bartable|8.0|%|2||background:purple}}
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] 
|aline=right| {{bartable|1.3|%|2||background:gold}}
|aline=right| {{bartable|2.6|%|2||background:gold}}
|-
| [[Multiracial Americans|Mixed]]
|aline=right| {{bartable|10.8|%|2||background:pink}}
|aline=right| {{bartable}}
|-
| Other
|aline=right| {{bartable|15.8|%|2||background:brown}}
|aline=right| {{bartable}}
|}

Chicago has the third-largest [[LGBT]] population in the United States. In 2018, the Chicago Department of Health, estimated 7.5% of the adult population, approximately 146,000 Chicagoans, were LGBTQ.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicago.gov/content/dam/city/depts/cdph/LGBTQHealth/CDPH_2017LGBT_Report_r6a.pdf |title=Healthy Chicago databook: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Health |publisher=Chicago Department of Public Health |date=March 2018 |access-date=November 9, 2021 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230223718/https://www.chicago.gov/content/dam/city/depts/cdph/LGBTQHealth/CDPH_2017LGBT_Report_r6a.pdf |archive-date=December 30, 2020 }}</ref> In 2015, roughly 4% of the population identified as LGBT.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/182051/san-francisco-metro-area-ranks-highest-lgbt-percentage.aspx |title=San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage. |work=gallup.com |date=March 20, 2015 |access-date=August 15, 2016 |archive-date=October 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022104058/http://www.gallup.com/poll/182051/san-francisco-metro-area-ranks-highest-lgbt-percentage.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/21/upshot/the-metro-areas-with-the-largest-and-smallest-gay-population.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/21/upshot/the-metro-areas-with-the-largest-and-smallest-gay-population.html |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |url-access=limited |title=The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations |date=March 21, 2015 |work=The New York Times}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Since the 2013 legalization of [[same-sex marriage in Illinois]], over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in [[Cook County]], a majority of them in Chicago.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-same-sex-marriage-licenses-cook-county-20160418-story.html |title=Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer |date=April 18, 2016 |work=Chicago Tribune |author=Leonor Vivanco |access-date=April 17, 2020 |archive-date=June 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609085107/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-same-sex-marriage-licenses-cook-county-20160418-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Shields |first1=Nick |title=10,000th same-sex couple issued marriage license in Cook County |url=http://www.cookcountyclerk.com/newsroom/newsfromclerk%5CPages/10,000thsame-sexcoupleissuedmarriagelicenseinCookCounty.aspx |website=Cook County Clerk |access-date=January 6, 2017 |format=Press release |date=August 31, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213111023/http://cookcountyclerk.com/newsroom/newsfromclerk/Pages/10,000thsame-sexcoupleissuedmarriagelicenseinCookCounty.aspx |archive-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref>

Chicago became a "de jure" [[sanctuary city]] in 2012 when Mayor [[Rahm Emanuel]] and the City Council passed the Welcoming City Ordinance.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chapter 2–173 Welcoming City Ordinance |url=https://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/mayor/Office%20of%20New%20Americans/PDFs/WelcomeCityOrdinance.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202050847/https://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/mayor/Office%20of%20New%20Americans/PDFs/WelcomeCityOrdinance.pdf |archive-date=February 2, 2017 |url-status=live |work=Municipal Code of Chicago |access-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref>

According to the U.S. Census Bureau's [[American Community Survey]] data estimates for 2008–2012, the median income for a household in the city was $47,408, and the median income for a family was $54,188. Male full-time workers had a median income of $47,074 versus $42,063 for females. About 18.3% of families and 22.1% of the population lived below the poverty line.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |title=Selected Economic Characteristics: 2008–2012 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Chicago city, Illinois |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=October 1, 2014 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2018, Chicago ranked seventh globally for the highest number of ultra-high-net-worth residents with roughly 3,300 residents worth more than $30&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite web |title=These are the cities with the most ultra-rich people |url=http://www.chicagobusiness.com/finance-banking/these-are-cities-most-ultra-rich-people |website=Crain's Chicago Business |date=September 6, 2018 |access-date=September 10, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=June 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611141809/https://www.chicagobusiness.com/finance-banking/these-are-cities-most-ultra-rich-people |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to the 2008–2012 American Community Survey, the ancestral groups having 10,000 or more persons in Chicago were:<ref name="2012ACS">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |title=Community Facts: First Ancestry Reported, Chicago city, Illinois |work=2008–2012 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=October 1, 2014 |archive-date=July 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709054630/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=16em}}
* Ireland (137,799)
* Poland (134,032)
* Germany (120,328)
* Italy (77,967)
* China (66,978)
* American (37,118)
* UK (36,145)
* recent African (32,727)
* India (25,000)
* Russia (19,771)
* Arab (17,598)
* European (15,753)
* Sweden (15,151)
* Japan (15,142)
* Greece (15,129)
* France (except Basque) (11,410)
* Ukraine (11,104)
* West Indian (except Hispanic groups) (10,349)
{{div col end}}

Persons identifying themselves in "Other groups" were classified at 1.72&nbsp;million, and unclassified or not reported were approximately 153,000.<ref name="2012ACS"/>

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Chicago (2014)<ref name="Religion1">{{cite web |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/chicago-metro-area/ |title=Religious Landscape Study |date=May 11, 2015 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |access-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-date=March 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326020605/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/metro-area/chicago-metro-area/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Religion2">[http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609103107/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/07/29/major-u-s-metropolitan-areas-differ-in-their-religious-profiles/ |date=June 9, 2021 }}, Pew Research Center</ref>
| label1 = [[Protestantism]]
| value1 = 35
| color1 = DodgerBlue
| label2 = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| value2 = 34
| color2 = #d4213d
| label3 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| value3 = 1
| color3 = Purple
| label4 = [[Jehovah's Witness]]
| value4 = 1
| color4 = Aquamarine
| label5 = [[Irreligious|No religion]]
| value5 = 22
| color5 = Honeydew
| label6 = [[Judaism]]
| value6 = 3
| color6 = Blue
| label7 = [[Islam]]
| value7 = 2
| color7 = Green
| label8 = [[Buddhism]]
| value8 = 1
| color8 = Yellow
| label9 = [[Hinduism]]
| value9 = 1
| color9 = Orange
}}
According to a 2014 study by the [[Pew Research Center]], [[Christianity]] is the most prevalently practiced religion in Chicago (71%),<ref name="Religion2"/> with the city being the fourth-most religious metropolis in the United States after [[Dallas]], [[Atlanta]] and [[Houston]].<ref name="Religion2"/> [[Catholic Church in the United States|Roman Catholicism]] and [[Protestantism in the United States|Protestantism]] are the largest branches (34% and 35% respectively), followed by [[Eastern Orthodoxy]] and [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] with 1% each.<ref name="Religion1"/> Chicago also has a sizable non-Christian population. Non-Christian groups include [[Irreligion in the United States|Irreligious]] (22%), [[Judaism in the United States|Judaism]] (3%), [[Islam in the United States|Islam]] (2%), [[Buddhism in the United States|Buddhism]] (1%) and [[Hinduism in the United States|Hinduism]] (1%).<ref name="Religion1"/>

Chicago is the headquarters of several religious denominations, including the [[Evangelical Covenant Church]] and the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in America]]. It is the seat of several [[Diocese of Chicago (disambiguation)|dioceses]]<!--intentional link to DAB apge-->. The [[Fourth Presbyterian Church (Chicago)|Fourth Presbyterian Church]] is one of the largest [[Presbyterian]] congregations in the United States based on memberships.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presbyterianmission.org/wp-content/uploads/Comparative_Statistics_2014-for-PCUSA.pdf#page=11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801154345/https://www.presbyterianmission.org/wp-content/uploads/Comparative_Statistics_2014-for-PCUSA.pdf |archive-date=August 1, 2016 |url-status=live |title=Table 6 Fifteen Largest PC(USA) Congregations Based on Membership Size, 2014 |publisher=Research Services, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) |format=PDF |access-date=January 8, 2017}}</ref> Since the 20th century Chicago has also been the headquarters of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Baum |first1=Wilhelm |author-link1=Wilhelm Baum (historian) |last2=Winkler |first2=Dietmar W. |title=The Church of the East: A Concise History |year=2003 |location=London-New York |publisher=Routledge-Curzon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CnSCAgAAQBAJ |isbn=978-1-134-43019-2 |access-date=October 24, 2020 |archive-date=July 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709112352/https://books.google.com/books?id=CnSCAgAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014 the [[Catholic Church]] was the largest individual Christian denomination (34%), with the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago]] being the largest Catholic jurisdiction. [[Evangelical Protestantism]] form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by [[Mainline Protestant]]s (11%), and historically [[Black church]]es (8%). Among denominational Protestant branches, [[Baptists]] formed the largest group in Chicago (10%); followed by Nondenominational (5%); [[Lutheran]]s (4%); and [[Pentecostal]]s (3%).<ref name="Religion1"/>

Non-Christian faiths accounted for 7% of the religious population in 2014. [[Judaism]] has at least 261,000 adherents which is 3% of the population, making it the second largest religion.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=October 24, 2020 |publisher=SimpleToRemember.com |title=World Jewish Population |url=https://www.simpletoremember.com/vitals/world-jewish-population.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050725232856/https://www.simpletoremember.com/vitals/world-jewish-population.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Religion1"/> A 2020 study estimated the total Jewish population of the Chicago metropolitan area, both religious and irreligious, at 319,500.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Metropolitan Chicago Jewish Population Study (MCJPS) Interactive Mapping Tool |url=https://2020populationstudy.juf.org/Metro_Chicago.html |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=2020populationstudy.juf.org}}</ref>

The first two [[Parliament of the World's Religions]] in 1893 and 1993 were held in Chicago.<ref>{{cite news |last=Avant |first=Gerry |title=Parliament of World's Religions |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xj5TAAAAIBAJ&pg=5129,4279121 |date=September 11, 1993 |access-date=September 25, 2018 |archive-date=June 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611141937/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xj5TAAAAIBAJ&pg=5129%2C4279121 |url-status=live }}</ref> Many international religious leaders have visited Chicago, including [[Mother Teresa]], the [[14th Dalai Lama|Dalai Lama]]<ref name="Watts2009">{{cite book |first=Greg |last=Watts |title=Mother Teresa: Faith in the Darkness |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5pqWTRO3CU4C&pg=PA67 |year=2009 |publisher=Lion Books |isbn=978-0-7459-5283-3 |pages=67– |access-date=June 16, 2015 |archive-date=July 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709112829/https://books.google.com/books?id=5pqWTRO3CU4C&pg=PA67 |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Pope John Paul&nbsp;II]] in 1979.<ref>{{cite news |last=Davis |first=Robert |title=Pope John Paul II in Chicago |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/politics/chi-chicagodays-pope-story,0,3834966.story |access-date=September 27, 2013 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=October 5, 1979 |archive-date=July 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708052326/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/politics/chi-chicagodays-pope-story,0,3834966.story |url-status=live }}</ref>