Biblical canon

====Luther's canon and apocrypha====
{{Main|Luther's canon}}
[[Martin Luther]] (1483–1546) moved seven Old Testament books (Tobit, Judith, 1–2 Maccabees, Book of Wisdom, Sirach, and Baruch) into a section he called the "[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]], that are books which are not considered equal to the Holy Scriptures, but are useful and good to read".<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rl3lcbLkHV0C&pg=PA521 |title=The Popular and Critical Bible Encyclopædia and Scriptural Dictionary, Fully Defining and Explaining All Religious Terms, Including Biographical, Geographical, Historical, Archæological and Doctrinal Themes |page=521 |editor-first=Samuel |editor-last=Fallows |publisher=The Howard-Severance co |orig-year=1901 |year=1910 |display-editors=etal}}</ref>

All of these apocrypha are called [[Biblical Apocrypha#Anagignoskomena|''anagignoskomena'']] by the Eastern Orthodox Church per the [[Synod of Jerusalem (1672)|Synod of Jerusalem]].

As with the [[Lutheran Church]]es,<ref name="GeislerMacKenzie1995">{{cite book |author-last1=Geisler |author-first1=Norman L. |author-last2=MacKenzie |author-first2=Ralph E. |title=Roman Catholics and Evangelicals: Agreements and Differences |date=1995 |publisher=Baker Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8010-3875-4 |page=171 |language=English |quote=Lutherans and Anglicans used it only for ethical / devotional matters but did not consider it authoritative in matters of faith.}}</ref> the [[Anglican Communion]] accepts "the Apocrypha for instruction in life and manners, but not for the establishment of doctrine",<ref>{{cite book|author-last=Ewert |author-first=David |title=A General Introduction to the Bible: From Ancient Tablets to Modern Translations |date=2010 |publisher=[[Zondervan]] |isbn=978-0310872436 |page=104}}</ref> and many "lectionary readings in [[The Book of Common Prayer]] are taken from the Apocrypha", with these lessons being "read in the same ways as those from the Old Testament".<ref>{{cite book|author-last1=Thomas |author-first1=Owen C. |author-last2=Wondra |author-first2=Ellen K. |author-link2=Ellen Wondra |title=Introduction to Theology|edition =3rd|date=2002 |publisher=Church Publishing, Inc. |isbn=978-0819218971 |page=56}}</ref> The Protestant Apocrypha contains three books (3 Esdras, 4 Esdras and the Prayer of Manasseh) that are accepted by many Eastern Orthodox Churches and Oriental Orthodox Churches as canonical, but are regarded as non-canonical by the Catholic Church and are therefore not included in modern Catholic Bibles.<ref>{{cite book|author-last1=Henze |author-first1=Matthias |author-last2=Boccaccini |author-first2=Gabriele |title=Fourth Ezra and Second Baruch: Reconstruction after the Fall |year=2013 |publisher=[[Brill Publishing]] |isbn=978-9004258815 |page=383}}</ref>

[[Anabaptists]] use the [[Luther Bible]], which contains the intertestamental books; [[Amish]] wedding ceremonies include "the retelling of the marriage of Tobias and Sarah in the Apocrypha".<ref name="Wesner">{{cite web |author-last1=Wesner |author-first1=Erik J. |title=The Bible |date=8 April 2015 |url=https://amishamerica.com/bible/#apocrypha |publisher=Amish America |access-date=23 May 2021 |language=English}}</ref> The fathers of Anabaptism, such as [[Menno Simons]], quoted "them [the Apocrypha] with the same authority and nearly the same frequency as books of the Hebrew Bible" and the texts regarding the martyrdoms under Antiochus IV in [[1 Maccabees]] and [[2 Maccabees]] are held in high esteem by the Anabaptists, who historically faced persecution.<ref name="deSilva2018">{{cite book |last1=deSilva |first1=David A. |title=Introducing the Apocrypha: Message, Context, and Significance |date=2018 |publisher=Baker Books |isbn=978-1-4934-1307-2 |language=English}}</ref>

Lutheran and Anglican lectionaries continue to include readings from the Apocrypha.<ref name="Forward1981">{{cite book|title=Readings from the Apocrypha |year=1981 |publisher=Forward Movement Publications |page=5}}</ref>