Oslo

==Cityscape==
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| image1            = Holmenkollen Jump Tower 01.jpg
| width1            = 190
| caption1          = [[Holmenkollen]] ski jump
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| caption2          = [[:no:Bryggetorget|Bryggetorget]]
| image2            = Bryggetorget1.JPG
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Oslo's cityscape is being redeveloped as a modern city with various access-points, an extensive metro-system with a new financial district and a cultural city. In 2008, an exhibition was held in London presenting the award-winning [[Oslo Opera House]], the urban regeneration scheme of Oslo's seafront, [[Munch/Stenersen]] and the new Deichman Library. Most of the buildings in the city and in neighbouring communities are low in height with only the [[Oslo Plaza|Plaza]], [[Posthuset (building)|Posthuset]] and the highrises at Bjørvika considerably taller.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsinenglish.no/2011/06/23/oslos-developing-waterfront-in-a-photo-collage/ |title=Oslo's developing waterfront, in a photo collage |date=23 June 2011 |access-date=23 January 2013 |archive-date=25 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225200956/https://www.newsinenglish.no/2011/06/23/oslos-developing-waterfront-in-a-photo-collage/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Architecture===
{{See also|Architecture of Norway}}
[[File:Fjordbyen.gif|left|thumb|[[Fjordbyen]] is a large construction project in the seaside of central Oslo, stretching from [[Bygdøy]] in the west to [[Ormøya]] in the east. Some areas include: [[Bjørvika]], [[Aker brygge]], [[Tjuvholmen]], and the [[Oslo Central Station|central station]] area.]]
[[File:A window in Aker Brygge, Oslo N.jpg|thumb|Detail of modern architecture at [[Aker Brygge]]]]
Oslo's architecture is very diverse. The architect [[Carl Frederik Stanley]] (1769–1805), who was educated in [[Copenhagen]], spent some years in Norway around the turn of the 19th century. He undertook some minor commissions for wealthy patrons in and around Oslo, but his major achievement was the renovation of the [[Oslo Katedralskole]], completed in 1800.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://oslotouristinformation.com/art |title=OSLO TOURIST GUIDE — A hive of Art & Architecture |website=OSLO TOURIST GUIDE |language=en-US |access-date=9 April 2019}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He added a classical portico to the front of an older structure, and a semicircular auditorium that was sequestered by Parliament in 1814 as a temporary place to assemble, now preserved at [[Norsk Folkemuseum]] as a national monument.

When Christiania was made capital of Norway in 1814, there were practically no buildings suitable for the many new government institutions. An ambitious building program was initiated, but realised very slowly because of economic constraints. The first major undertaking was the [[Royal Palace, Oslo|Royal Palace]], designed by [[Hans Linstow]] and built between 1824 and 1848. Linstow also planned [[Karl Johans gate]], the avenue connecting the Palace and the city, with a monumental square halfway to be surrounded by buildings for [[Oslo University|University]], the [[Stortinget|Parliament]] (Storting) and other institutions. Only the university buildings were realised according to this plan. [[Christian Heinrich Grosch]], one of the first architects educated completely within Norway, designed the original building for the [[Oslo Stock Exchange]] (1826–1828), the local branch of the [[Bank of Norway]] (1828), [[Christiania Theatre]] (1836–1837), and the first campus for the [[University of Oslo]] (1841–1856). For the university buildings, he sought the assistance of the renowned German architect [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]]. German architectural influence persisted in Norway, and many wooden buildings followed the principles of [[Neoclassicism]]. In Oslo, the German architect [[Alexis de Chateauneuf]] designed [[Trefoldighetskirken (Oslo)|Trefoldighetskirken]], the first neo-gothic church, completed by von Hanno in 1858.

A number of landmark buildings, particularly in Oslo, were built in the [[functionalism (architecture)|Functionalist]] style (better known in the US and Britain as Modernist), the first being [[Skansen]] restaurant (1925–1927) by [[Lars Backer]], demolished in 1970. Backer also designed the restaurant at Ekeberg, which opened in 1929. [[Kunstnernes Hus]] art gallery by [[Gudolf Blakstad]] and [[Herman Munthe-Kaas]] (1930) still shows the influence of the preceding classicist trend of the 1920s. The redevelopment of [[Gardermoen|Oslo Airport]] (by the Aviaplan consortium) at Gardermoen, which opened in 1998, was Norway's largest construction project to date.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="120px">
File:14-09-02-oslo-RalfR-393.jpg|Oslo Harbour
File:Bjørvika TRS 060605.jpg|[[Oslo Central Station]]
File:Oslo Opera House seen from Langkaia.JPG|[[Oslo Opera House]]
File:Akershus festning.jpg|[[Akershus Fortress]]
File:Oslo Sentralstasjon.JPG|[[Jernbanetorget]]
File:Astrup Fearnley 009.JPG|Art gallery of [[Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art|Astrup Fearnley Museum]]
File:Bydel Bjerke, Linderud %26 Veitvet fra Kalbakken.jpg|Highly populated urban area of [[Bjerke (borough)|Bjerke]]
File:Königliches Schloss, Oslo.jpg|[[Royal Palace, Oslo|Royal Palace]]
</gallery>
{{Gallery
|title=Architecture
|align=center
|footer=
|style=
|state=
|width=120 
|height=100
|captionstyle=
|File:Wessels plass sett mot Prinsens gate.jpg
|alt1=File:Sofies gate 39–43.jpg
|[[Wessels plass|Wessel Square]] seen to [[:no:Prinsens gate|Prinsen Street]]
|File:Bebyggelse i Fjerdingen sett fra Hausmanns bru mot Vaterlands bru.jpg
|alt2=Apartment houses at [[Bislett]]
|[[:no:Fjerdingen|Fjerdingen]] seen from [[:no:Hausmanns bru|Hausmann Bridge]] to [[:no:Vaterlands bru|Vaterland Bridge]]
|File:Stålverksparken sett mot Gladengveien.jpg
|alt3=File:School and blocks in Ammerud.jpg
|''[[:no:Stålverksparken|Stålverksparken]]'' (the Steelwork Park) seen to [[:no:Gladengveien|Gladeng Road]]
|File:Løvenskiolds gate sett fra Arno Bergs plass med nr 18 til høyre.jpg
|alt4=Apartment houses at [[Ammerud]]
|[[:no:Løvenskiolds gate|Løvenskiold Street]] seen from [[:no:Arno Bergs plass|Arno Berg Square]]
|File:Bogstad gård hagen dammen med bru.jpg
|alt5=
|[[:no:Bogstad gård|Bogstad farm]] with yard
|File:Meltzers gate1.JPG
|alt6=
|Apartment houses at [[:no:Meltzers gate|Meltzer Street]]
|File:School and blocks in Ammerud.jpg
|alt7=
|Housing blocks in [[Ammerud]]
|File:Sofies gate 39–43.jpg
|alt8=
|Apartment houses at [[Bislett]]
|File:Telthusbakken, St. Hanshaugen, Oslo 01.06.2014..JPG
|small wooden houses in [[Telthusbakken]] 
|Bakkehaugens kirke-1.jpg
|[[Bakkehaugen church]] 



}}