Argentina

=== Government ===
{{Main|Government of Argentina|Ministries of the Argentine Republic}}

[[File:Casa_Rosada,_Buenos_Aires,_Argentina.jpg|thumb|left|[[Casa Rosada]], workplace of the [[President of Argentina|President]]]]
[[File:Palacio_del_Congreso_in_Buenos_Aires_(6370115601).jpg|thumb|left|The [[National Congress of Argentina|National Congress]] composed of the [[Argentine Senate|Senate]] and the [[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]].{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 63}}]]

Argentina is a [[Federalism|federal]] constitutional republic and [[representative democracy]].{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 1}} The government is regulated by a system of [[separation of powers|checks and balances]] defined by the [[Constitution of Argentina]], the country's supreme legal document. The [[seat of government]] is the city of [[Buenos Aires]], as designated by [[Argentine National Congress|Congress]].{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 3}} Suffrage is [[Universal suffrage|universal]], [[Equal suffrage|equal]], [[Secret ballot|secret]] and [[Compulsory voting|mandatory]].{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 37}}{{efn-ua|Since 2012 suffrage is optional for ages 16 and 17.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/11/01/argentina-voting-age/|title=Argentina lowers its voting age to 16|newspaper=The Washington Post|place=Washington, DC|date=1 November 2012|access-date=24 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511081513/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2012/11/01/argentina-voting-age/|archive-date=11 May 2015|url-status = live}}</ref>}}

The federal government is composed of three branches. The [[Legislature|Legislative]] branch consists of the [[bicameralism|bicameral]] Congress, made up of the [[Argentine Senate|Senate]] and the [[Argentine Chamber of Deputies|Chamber of Deputies]]. The Congress makes [[federal law]], [[declaration of war|declares war]], approves [[treaty|treaties]] and has the [[power of the purse]] and of [[impeachment]], by which it can remove sitting members of the government.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=arts. 53, 59, 75}} The Chamber of Deputies represents the people and has 257 voting members elected to a four-year term. Seats are apportioned among the provinces by population every tenth year.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=arts. 45, 47, 50}} {{As of|2014}} ten provinces have just five deputies while the [[Buenos Aires Province]], being the most populous one, has 70. The Chamber of Senators represents the provinces, and has 72 members elected [[at-large]] to six-year terms, with each province having three seats; one-third of Senate seats are up for election every other year.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=arts. 54, 56}} At least one-third of the candidates presented by the parties must be women.

In the [[Executive (government)|Executive]] branch, the [[President of Argentina|President]] is the [[commander-in-chief]] of the military, can [[veto]] [[bill (law)|legislative bills]] before they become law—subject to Congressional override—and appoints the [[Cabinet of Argentina|members of the Cabinet]] and other officers, who administer and enforce federal laws and policies.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 99}} The President is elected [[direct vote|directly]] by the vote of the people, serves a four-year term and may be elected to office no more than twice in a row.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 90}}

The [[Judiciary|Judicial]] branch includes the [[Supreme Court of Argentina|Supreme Court]] and lower [[Law of Argentina|federal courts]] interpret laws and [[judicial review|overturn those]] they find [[constitutionality|unconstitutional]].{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=art. 116}} The Judicial is independent of the Executive and the Legislative. The Supreme Court has seven members appointed by the President—subject to Senate approval—who serve for life. The lower courts' judges are proposed by the [[Council of Magistracy of the Nation|Council of Magistracy]] (a secretariat composed of representatives of judges, lawyers, researchers, the Executive and the Legislative), and appointed by the president on Senate approval.{{sfn|Constitution of Argentina|loc=arts. 99, 114}}
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