Ancient Greece

===Education===
{{Main|Education in ancient Greece}}
[[File:Plato's Academy mosaic from Pompeii.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mosaic]] from [[Pompeii]] depicting [[Plato]]'s [[Platonic Academy|Academy]]]]

For most of Greek history, education was private, except in Sparta. During the Hellenistic period, some city-states established [[Public school (government funded)|public schools]]. Only wealthy families could afford a teacher. Boys learned how to read, write and quote literature. They also learned to sing and play one musical instrument and were trained as athletes for military service. They studied not for a job but to become an effective citizen. Girls also learned to read, write and do simple arithmetic so they could manage the household. They almost never received education after childhood.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bloomer |first=W. Martin |title=A Companion to Ancient Education |publisher=Willey-Blackwell |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-118-99741-3 |location=Malden, MA |pages=305}}</ref>

Boys went to school at the age of seven, or went to the barracks, if they lived in Sparta. The three types of teachings were: grammatistes for arithmetic, kitharistes for music and dancing, and Paedotribae for sports.

Boys from wealthy families attending the private school lessons were taken care of by a ''paidagogos'', a household slave selected for this task who accompanied the boy during the day. Classes were held in teachers' private houses and included reading, writing, mathematics, singing, and playing the lyre and flute. When the boy became 12 years old the schooling started to include sports such as wrestling, running, and throwing discus and javelin. In Athens, some older youths attended academy for the finer disciplines such as culture, sciences, music, and the arts. The schooling ended at age 18, followed by military training in the army usually for one or two years.<ref>Angus Konstam: "Historical Atlas of Ancient Greece", pp.&nbsp;94–95. Thalamus publishing, UK, 2003, {{ISBN|1-904668-16-X}}</ref>

Only a small number of boys continued their education after childhood, as in the Spartan [[agoge]]. A crucial part of a wealthy teenager's education was a mentorship with an elder, which in a few places and times may have included [[pederasty]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}} The teenager learned by watching his mentor talking about politics in the ''[[agora]]'', helping him perform his public duties, exercising with him in the gymnasium and attending [[Symposium|symposia]] with him. The richest students continued their education by studying with famous teachers. Some of Athens' greatest such schools included the [[Lyceum]] (the so-called [[Peripatetic school]] founded by [[Aristotle]] of [[Stageira]]) and the [[Platonic Academy]] (founded by [[Plato]] of Athens). The education system of the wealthy ancient Greeks is also called [[Paideia]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}}