Last Judgment

==In Islam==
{{Main|Judgement Day in Islam}}
{{Further|Akhirah|Resurrection in Islam}}
Belief in Judgment Day ({{lang-ar|یوم القيامة|Yawm al-qiyāmah|Day of Resurrection}} or {{lang-ar|یوم الدین|italic=no| Yawm ad-din|Day of Judgement}}) is considered a fundamental tenet of faith by all Muslims. It is one of the [[The six articles of Islamic faith|six articles of faith]]. The trials and tribulations associated with it are detailed in both the Quran and the [[hadith]], (sayings of [[Muhammad]]), from whence they are elaborated on in the creeds, Quranic commentaries ([[tafsir|tafsịr]]s), and theological writing,<ref name="JISYYHIU1981:vii">[[Last Judgment#JISYYHIU1981|Smith & Haddad, ''Islamic Understanding'', 1981]]: p. vii.</ref> eschatological manuals, whose authors include [[al-Ghazali]], [[Ibn Kathir]], [[Ibn Majah]], [[Muhammad al-Bukhari]], and [[Ibn Khuzaymah]].
[[File:Ibn arabi judgement day.svg|alt=|thumb|upright=1.5|Diagram of "Plain of Assembly" (''Ard al-Hashr)'' on the Day of Judgment, from an autograph manuscript of ''Futuhat al-Makkiyya'' by [[Sufism|Sufi mystic]] and [[Islamic philosophy|Muslim philosopher]] [[Ibn Arabi]], {{Circa|1238}}. Shown are the 'Arsh ([[Throne of God]]), pulpits for the righteous (al-Aminun), seven rows of [[angel]]s, [[Gabriel]] (al-Ruh), A'raf (the Barrier), the [[Pond of Abundance]], al-Maqam al-Mahmud (the Praiseworthy Station; where Muhammad will stand to intercede for the faithful), Mizan (the Scale), [[As-Sirāt]] (the Bridge), [[Jahannam]] (Hell), and [[Jannah|Marj al-Jannat]] (Meadow of Paradise).<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Wescoat |first1=James L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=96ec98LieGsC |title=Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects |last2=Wolschke-Bulmahn |first2=Joachim |date=1996 |publisher=Dumbarton Oaks |isbn=978-0-88402-235-0 |pages=229–231 |language=en}}</ref>]]

;Similarities to the Judgement Day of Christianity 
Like Christianity, [[Islamic eschatology]] has a time of tribulation preceding Judgement Day where strange and terrible events will serve as portents; there will be a second coming of [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]] (but in different roles); battles with an [[AntiChrist]] (Al-Masīḥ ad-Dajjāl, literally "Deceitful Messiah"<ref name="Farhang Dajjal 2017">{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=Farhang |author-first=Mehrvash |year=2017 |title=Dajjāl |translator-last=Negahban |translator-first=Farzin |editor1-last=Madelung |editor1-first=Wilferd |editor2-last=Daftary |editor2-first=Farhad |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Islamica |location=[[Leiden]] and [[Boston]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |doi=10.1163/1875-9831_isla_COM_035982 |issn=1875-9823}}</ref>) and struggles with [[Gog and Magog]]; and a [[Rapture]]-like removal of all righteous believers before the end. A "[[Day of Resurrection]]" of the dead (''yawm al-qiyāmah''), will be announced by a trumpet blast.<ref name="Amini-trumpet">{{cite book |last1=Amini |first1=Ibrahim |title=Resurrection in the Quran |publisher=Al-Islam.org |url=https://www.al-islam.org/resurrection-maad-quran-ibrahim-amini/signs-judgment-day |access-date=19 April 2022 |chapter=Signs of Judgement Day, Blowing of the Trumpet|date=13 January 2015 }}</ref> Resurrection will be followed by a "Day of Judgment" (''yawm ad-din'') where all human beings who have ever lived will be held accountable for their deeds by being judged by God. Depending on the verdict of the judgement, they will be sent for eternity to either the reward of paradise (''[[Jannah]]'') or the punishment of hell (''[[Jahannam]]'').<ref name="Ahmed">{{cite web |last1=Ahmed |first1=Jafor |title=Similarities and Dissimilarities between Islam and Christianity |url=https://www.academia.edu/3716864 |website=Academia |access-date=19 April 2022}}</ref> 
;Salvation and damnation
In this process, the souls will traverse over hellfire<ref>{{cite book|last=Al-Ghazali |title=The Remembrance of Death and the Afterlife |year=1989 |pages=205–210}}</ref> via the bridge of [[As-Sirāt|sirat]]. For sinners, the bridge will be thinner than hair and sharper than the sharpest sword, impossible to walk on without falling below to arrive at their fiery destination,<ref name=Leviton>{{cite book |last1=Leviton |first1=Richard |title=The Mertowney Mountain Interviews|date=16 July 2014 |publisher=iUniverse|page=59 |isbn=9781491741290 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IhhOBAAAQBAJ&q=sirat+as+thin+as+a+hair+and+as+sharp+as+the+sharpest+knife&pg=PA59 |access-date=2 January 2014}}</ref> while the righteous will proceed across the bridge to paradise (''[[Jannah]]'').  

Not everyone consigned to hell will remain there. Somewhat like the Catholic concept of [[purgatory]], sinful Muslims will stay in hell until purified of their sins. According to the scholar Al-Subki (and others), "God will take out of the Fire everyone who has said the testimony" (i.e. the ''shāhada'' testimony made by all Muslims, "There is no deity but The God") "and none will remain to save those who rejected or worshipped other than God."<ref>al-Subki, Taqi al-Din. ''Shifāʿ al-saqamft ziyara khayr al-anam''. Cairo, A. H. 1315, p. 163; quoted in {{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Jane I. |url=https://vdoc.pub/download/the-islamic-understanding-of-death-and-resurrection-1fa354cla15g |title=The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection |last2=Haddad |first2=Yvonne Y. |date=1981 |publisher=SUNY Press |location=Albany, New York |page=81 |ref=JISYYHIU1981}}</ref>

;Literal or figurative interpretation
While early Muslims debated whether scripture on Judgement day should be interpreted literally or figuratively, the school of thought that prevailed ([[Ash'ari|Ashʿarī]]) "affirmed that such things as the individual records of deeds (including the paper, pen, and ink with which they are inscribed), the bridge, the balance, and the pond are realities to be understood in a concrete and literal sense."<ref name="JISYYHIU1981:65">[[Last Judgment#JISYYHIU1981|Smith & Haddad, ''Islamic Understanding'', 1981]]: p. 65.</ref>