Evolution Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! === Coevolution === {{Further|Coevolution}} [[File:Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis Wooster.jpg|thumb|The [[common garter snake]] has evolved resistance to the [[anti-predator adaptation|defensive substance]] [[tetrodotoxin]] in its amphibian prey.]] Interactions between organisms can produce both conflict and cooperation. When the interaction is between pairs of species, such as a [[pathogen]] and a [[host (biology)|host]], or a predator and its prey, these species can develop matched sets of adaptations. Here, the evolution of one species causes adaptations in a second species. These changes in the second species then, in turn, cause new adaptations in the first species. This cycle of selection and response is called coevolution.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wade |first=Michael J. |s2cid=36705246 |author-link=Michael J. Wade |date=March 2007 |title=The co-evolutionary genetics of ecological communities |journal=Nature Reviews Genetics |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=185β195 |doi=10.1038/nrg2031 |pmid=17279094}}</ref> An example is the production of [[tetrodotoxin]] in the [[rough-skinned newt]] and the evolution of tetrodotoxin resistance in its predator, the [[common garter snake]]. In this predator-prey pair, an [[evolutionary arms race]] has produced high levels of toxin in the newt and correspondingly high levels of toxin resistance in the snake.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Geffeney |first1=Shana |last2=Brodie | first2=Edmund D. Jr. |last3=Ruben |first3=Peter C. |last4=Brodie |first4=Edmund D. III |s2cid=8816337 |date=23 August 2002 |title=Mechanisms of Adaptation in a Predator-Prey Arms Race: TTX-Resistant Sodium Channels |journal=Science |volume=297 |issue=5585 |pages=1336β1339 |bibcode=2002Sci...297.1336G |doi=10.1126/science.1074310 |pmid=12193784}} * {{cite journal |last1=Brodie | first1=Edmund D. Jr. |last2=Ridenhour |first2=Benjamin J. |last3=Brodie |first3=Edmund D. III |date=October 2002 |title=The evolutionary response of predators to dangerous prey: hotspots and coldspots in the geographic mosaic of coevolution between garter snakes and newts |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution_2002-10_56_10/page/2067 |journal=Evolution |volume=56 |issue=10 |pages=2067β2082 |doi=10.1554/0014-3820(2002)056[2067:teropt]2.0.co;2 |pmid=12449493 |s2cid=8251443 |ref=none}} * {{cite news |last=Carroll |first=Sean B. |date=21 December 2009 |title=Whatever Doesn't Kill Some Animals Can Make Them Deadly |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/22/science/22creature.html |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The New York Times |location=New York |access-date=26 December 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423075609/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/22/science/22creature.html |archive-date=23 April 2015 |ref=none}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page