Council of Chalcedon

==Liturgical commemorations==
The [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] commemorates the "Holy Fathers of the 4th Ecumenical Council, who assembled in Chalcedon" on the Sunday on or after July 13;
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anastasis.org.uk/holy_fathers.htm |title=On the Sunday of the Holy Fathers of the 4th Ecumenical Council, who assembled in Chalcedon |work=Liturgical Texts – Menaion – July – Holy Fathers |publisher=Anastasis – The Home Page of Archimandrite Ephrem |access-date=2013-08-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230235329/http://www.anastasis.org.uk/holy_fathers.htm |archive-date=2013-12-30 }}</ref>
<ref name="Menaion_Greek">{{cite web |url=http://analogion.gr/glt/texts/Jul/13-19.uni.htm |title=TA ΜΗΝΑΙΑ – Ιούλιος – Τῇ Κυριακῇ τῶν ἁγίων Πατέρων τῆς Δ' Οἰκουμενικῆς Συνόδου, τῶν ἐν Χαλκηδόνι συνελθόντων |access-date=2013-08-28}}</ref> however, in some places (e.g., Russia) on that date is rather a feast of the Fathers of the First Six Ecumenical Councils.<ref name="Menaion_Slavonic">{{cite web |url=http://www.orthlib.info/Menaia/Rjadovaja-Minea/11-July/jul16.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927172719/http://www.orthlib.info/Menaia/Rjadovaja-Minea/11-July/jul16.pdf |archive-date=2013-09-27 |url-status=live |title=Богослужебные тексты – Рядовая Минея – Июль – 16 июля: Священномученика Афиногена и десяти учеников его. Святые отцов шести Вселенских соборов |access-date=2013-08-28}}</ref>

For both of the above complete [[Proper (liturgy)|propers]] have been composed and are found in the [[Menaion]].

For the former "The Office of the 630 Holy and God-bearing Fathers of the 4th ... Summoned against the Monophysites Eftyches and Dioskoros ..." was composed in the middle of the 14th century by [[Patriarch Philotheus I of Constantinople]]. This contains numerous hymns exposing the council's teaching, commemorating its leaders whom it praises and whose prayers it implores, and naming its opponents pejoratively, e.g., "Come let us clearly reject the errors of ... but praise in divine songs the fourth council of pious fathers."<ref name=Menaion_Greek/>

For the latter the propers are titled "We Commemorate Six Holy Ecumenical Councils".<ref name=Menaion_Slavonic/> This repeatedly damns those anathematized by the councils with such rhetoric as "Christ-smashing deception enslaved Nestorius" and "mindless Arius and ... is tormented in the fires of Gehenna ..." while the fathers of the councils are praised and the dogmas of the councils are expounded in the hymns therein.