Baptism

====Anabaptist====
Early Anabaptists were given that name because they re-baptized persons who they felt had not been properly baptized, as they did not recognize infant baptism.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Anabaptist | title = Online Etymological Dictionary | orig-date = 2001 | year = 2010 | first = Douglas | last = Harper | contribution = Anabaptist | access-date = August 6, 2013}}</ref>

The traditional form of Anabaptist baptism was pouring, the form commonly used in Western Christianity in the early 16th century when they emerged. Pouring continues to be normative in [[Mennonite]], [[Amish]] and [[Hutterite]] traditions of Anabaptist Christianity.<ref name="KurianDay2017">{{cite book |last1=Kurian |first1=George Thomas |last2=Day |first2=Sarah Claudine |title=The Essential Handbook of Denominations and Ministries |date=14 March 2017 |publisher=Baker Books |isbn=978-1-4934-0640-1 |language=en |quote=The Conservative Mennonite Conference practices believer's baptism, seen as an external symbol of internal spiritual purity and performed by immersion or pouring of water on the head; Communion; washing the feet of the saints, following Jesus's example and reminding believers of the need to be washed of pride, rivalry, and selfish motives; anointing the sick with oil--a symbol of the Holy Spirit and of the healing power of God--offered with the prayer of faith; and laying on of hands for ordination, symbolizing the imparting of responsibility and of God's power to fulfill that responsibility.}}</ref><ref name="Kraybill2010">{{cite book |last1=Kraybill |first1=Donald B. |title=Concise Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites |date=1 November 2010 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-0-8018-9911-9 |page=23 |language=English |quote=All Amish, Hutterites, and most Mennonites baptized by pouring or sprinkling.}}</ref> The [[Mennonite Brethren Church]], [[Schwarzenau Brethren]] and [[River Brethren]] denominations of Anabaptist Christianity practice immersion. The Schwarzenau church immerses in the forward position three times, for each person of the Holy Trinity and because "the Bible says Jesus bowed his head (letting it fall forward) and died. Baptism represents a dying of the old, sinful self."<ref name="Durnbaugh1983">{{cite book |last1=Durnbaugh |first1=Donald F. |title=The Brethren Encyclopedia |date=1983 |publisher=Brethren Encyclopedia, Incorporated |isbn=978-0-318-00487-7 |page=82 |language=English}}</ref><ref name="Mitchell2007">{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Larry |title=Old Brethren follow distinctive practices |url=https://www.chicoer.com/2007/11/04/old-brethren-follow-distinctive-practices/ |publisher=[[Chico Enterprise-Record]] |access-date=11 May 2022 |language=English |date=4 November 2007}}</ref> Today all modes of baptism (such as pouring and immersion) can be found among Anabaptists.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baptism - GAMEO |url=https://gameo.org/index.php?title=Baptism |access-date=2023-05-02 |website=gameo.org}}</ref>

[[Conservative Mennonites|Conservative Mennonite Anabaptists]] count baptism to be one of the [[Ordinance (Christianity)|seven ordinances]].<ref name="Hartzler2013">{{cite book |last1=Hartzler |first1=Rachel Nafziger |title=No Strings Attached: Boundary Lines in Pleasant Places: A History of Warren Street / Pleasant Oaks Mennonite Church |date=30 April 2013 |publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers |isbn=978-1-62189-635-7 |language=English}}</ref> In [[Anabaptist theology]], baptism is a part of the process of salvation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fretz |first1=Clarence Y. |title=How To Make SURE You Are Saved |url=https://www.anabaptists.org/tracts/saved.html |publisher=Anabaptists |access-date=22 May 2021 |language=English}}</ref> For Anabaptists, "believer's baptism consists of three parts, the Spirit, the water, and the blood—these three witnesses on earth."<ref name="Eby">{{cite web |last1=Eby |first1=Edwin R. |title=Early Anabaptist Positions on Believer's Baptism and a Challenge for Today |url=https://www.pilgrimministry.org/literature/early-anabaptist-positions-on-believer%E2%80%99s-baptism-and-a-challenge-for-today |publisher=Pilgrim Mennonite Conference |access-date=11 May 2022 |language=English |archive-date=May 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511071751/https://www.pilgrimministry.org/literature/early-anabaptist-positions-on-believer%E2%80%99s-baptism-and-a-challenge-for-today }}</ref> According to [[Anabaptist theology]]: (1) In believer's baptism, the Holy Spirit witnesses the candidate entering into a [[covenant (religion)|covenant]] with God.<ref name="Eby"/> (2) God, in believer's baptism, "grants a baptized believer the water of baptism as a sign of His covenant with them—that such a one indicates and publicly confesses that he wants to live in true obedience towards God and fellow believers with a blameless life."<ref name="Eby"/> (3) Integral to believer's baptism is the candidate's mission to witness to the world even unto [[Christian martyr|martyrdom]], echoing Jesus' words that "they would be baptized with His baptism, witnessing to the world when their blood was spilt."<ref name="Eby"/>