The Bronx

==Divisions of the Bronx==
===Regional divisions===
[[File:Aerial_view_of_the_Bronx,_Harlem_River,_Harlem,_Hudson_River,_George_Washington_Bridge,_2008-05-10.jpg|thumb|An aerial view of the Bronx, [[Harlem River]], [[Harlem]], [[Hudson River]] and [[George Washington Bridge]]]]
There are two primary systems for dividing the Bronx into regions, which do not necessarily agree with one another. One system is based on the [[Bronx River]], while the other strictly separates [[South Bronx]] from the rest of the borough.

The [[Bronx River]] divides the borough nearly in half, putting the earlier-settled, more urban, and hillier sections in the western lobe and the newer, more suburban coastal sections in the eastern lobe. It is an accurate reflection on the Bronx's history considering that the towns that existed in the area prior to annexation to the City of New York generally did not straddle the Bronx River.{{cn|date=September 2023}} In addition, what is today the Bronx was annexed to New York City in two stages: areas west of the Bronx River were annexed in 1874 while areas to the east of the river were annexed in 1895.{{cn|date=September 2023}}
* '''[[West Bronx]]''': all parts of the Bronx west of the '''Bronx River''' (as opposed to Jerome Avenue – this street is simply the "east-west" divider for designating numbered streets as "east" or "west." As the Bronx's numbered streets continue from Manhattan to south, on which the street numbering system is based, Jerome Avenue actually represents a longitudinal halfway point for Manhattan, not the Bronx.)<ref name="geo">{{cite web|title=Unlock the Grid, Then Ditch the Maps and Apps|date=February 24, 2012 |url=http://www.thirteen.org/metrofocus/2012/02/unlock-the-grid-then-ditch-the-maps-and-apps/|accessdate=October 30, 2015}}</ref>
* '''[[East Bronx]]''': all parts of the Bronx east of the '''Bronx River''' (as opposed to Jerome Avenue)<ref name="geo"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Geography & Neighborhoods|url=http://grandconcourse100.org/brief/geography|accessdate=October 30, 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227053358/http://grandconcourse100.org/brief/geography|archivedate=December 27, 2015}}</ref>

Under this system, the Bronx can be further divided into the following regions:
* '''Northwest Bronx''': the northern half of the West Bronx; the area north of Fordham Road and west of the Bronx River
* '''Southwest Bronx''': the southern half of the West Bronx; the area south of Fordham Road and west of the Bronx River
* '''Northeast Bronx''': the northern half of the East Bronx; the area north of Pelham Parkway and east of the Bronx River
* '''Southeast Bronx''': the southern half of the East Bronx; the area south of Pelham Parkway and east of the Bronx River

A second system divides the borough first and foremost into the following sections:
* '''[[North Bronx]]''': all areas not in the South Bronx (Southwest Bronx) – i.e. the Northwest Bronx, Northeast Bronx, and Southeast Bronx
* '''[[South Bronx]]''': the Southwest Bronx – south of Fordham Road and west of the Bronx River. This includes the areas traditionally considered part of the South Bronx.

=== Neighborhoods ===
{{See also|List of Bronx neighborhoods|Bronx Community Board|Timeline of town creation in Downstate New York}}
The number, locations, and boundaries of the Bronx's neighborhoods (many of them sitting on the sites of 19th-century villages) have become unclear with time and successive waves of newcomers. Even city officials do not necessarily agree. In a 2006 article for ''[[The New York Times]]'', Manny Fernandez described the disagreement:

<blockquote>According to a [[New York City Department of City Planning|Department of City Planning]] map of the city's neighborhoods, the Bronx has 49. The map publisher [[Hagstrom]] identifies 69. The borough president, [[Adolfo Carrión Jr.]], says 61. The Mayor's Community Assistance Unit, in a listing of the [[Bronx Community Board|borough's community boards]], names 68.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/16/nyregion/16bronx.html As Maps and Memories Fade, So Do Some Bronx Boundary Lines] by Manny Fernandez, ''[[The New York Times]]'', September 16, 2006, retrieved on August 3, 2008</ref></blockquote>

Major neighborhoods of the Bronx include the following.

=== East Bronx ===
{{Main|East Bronx}}

([[Bronx Community Board|Bronx Community District]]s 9 ''[south central]'', 10 ''[east]'', 11 ''[east central]'' and 12 ''[north central]'')<ref>Most correlations with Community Board jurisdictions in this section come from [http://www.bronxmall.com/commboards/index.html Bronx Community Boards] at the Bronx Mall web-site, and [http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/neighbor/neigh.shtml New York: a City of Neighborhoods] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915134408/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/neighbor/neigh.shtml |date=September 15, 2012 }}, [[New York City Department of City Planning]], both retrieved on August 5, 2008</ref>

[[File:Co-op City Hutch River.jpg|thumb|The neighborhood of [[Co-op City]] is the largest cooperative housing development in the world.]]
East of the [[Bronx River]], the borough is relatively flat and includes four large low peninsulas, or 'necks,' of low-lying land which jut into the waters of the East River and were once saltmarsh: Hunts Point, Clason's Point, Screvin's Neck (Castle Hill Point) and [[Throgs Neck]]. The East Bronx has older tenement buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multifamily homes, as well as single family homes. It includes New York City's largest park: [[Pelham Bay Park]] along the [[Westchester County, New York|Westchester]]-Bronx border.

Neighborhoods include: [[Clason's Point, Bronx|Clason's Point]], [[Harding Park, Bronx|Harding Park]], [[Soundview, Bronx|Soundview]], [[Castle Hill, Bronx|Castle Hill]], [[Parkchester, Bronx|Parkchester]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 9|Community District 9]])''; [[Throggs Neck]], [[Country Club, Bronx|Country Club]], [[City Island, Bronx|City Island]], [[Pelham Bay]], [[Edgewater Park (Bronx)|Edgewater Park]], [[Co-op City, Bronx|Co-op City]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 10|Community District 10]])''; [[Westchester Square, Bronx|Westchester Square]], [[Van Nest]], [[Pelham Parkway, Bronx|Pelham Parkway]], [[Morris Park, Bronx|Morris Park]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 11|Community District 11]])''; [[Williamsbridge, Bronx|Williamsbridge]], [[Eastchester, Bronx|Eastchester]], [[Baychester, Bronx|Baychester]], [[Edenwald, Bronx|Edenwald]] and [[Wakefield, Bronx|Wakefield]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 12|Community District 12]])''.

==== City Island and Hart Island ====
{{Main|City Island, Bronx|Hart Island (Bronx)}}

[[File:CityIsland.jpg|thumb|A sunken boat off the shore of [[City Island, Bronx|City Island]]]]
([[Bronx Community Board|Bronx Community District]] 10)

City Island is east of [[Pelham Bay Park]] in [[Long Island Sound]] and is known for its seafood restaurants and private waterfront homes.<ref>{{cite news | last=Fischler | first=Marcelle Sussman | title=City Island, a Quainter Side of the Bronx |work=The New York Times | date=September 13, 2015 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/13/realestate/city-island-a-quainter-side-of-the-bronx.html | access-date=January 23, 2016}}</ref> City Island's single shopping street, City Island Avenue, is reminiscent of a small New England town. It is connected to [[Rodman's Neck]] on the mainland by the [[City Island Bridge]].

East of City Island is [[Hart Island (New York)|Hart Island]], which is uninhabited and not open to the public. It once served as a prison and now houses New York City's [[potter's field]] for unclaimed bodies.<ref>{{cite web | last=Walshe | first=Sadhbh | title='Like a prison for the dead': welcome to Hart Island, home to New York City's pauper graves |work=[[The Guardian]]| date=June 3, 2015 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jun/03/hart-island-new-york-city-mass-burial-graves | access-date=January 23, 2016}}</ref>

=== West Bronx ===
{{Main|West Bronx}}

[[File:Grand Conc 165 jeh.JPG|thumb|[[Grand Concourse (Bronx)|Grand Concourse]] at East 165th Street in 2008]]
([[Bronx Community Board|Bronx Community District]]s 1 to 8, progressing roughly from south to northwest)

The western parts of the Bronx are hillier and are dominated by a series of parallel ridges, running south to north. The West Bronx has older apartment buildings, low income public housing complexes, multifamily homes in its lower income areas as well as larger single family homes in more affluent areas such as [[Riverdale, Bronx|Riverdale]] and [[Fieldston, Bronx|Fieldston]].<ref>[http://fpoa.info/images/FPOA_APPROVED_BY-LAWS.doc Fieldston Property Owners' Association, Inc. By-Laws] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721202132/http://fpoa.info/images/FPOA_APPROVED_BY-LAWS.doc |date=July 21, 2011 }}, by the FPOA, September 17, 2006</ref> It includes New York City's third-largest park: [[Van Cortlandt Park]] along the Westchester-Bronx border. The [[Grand Concourse (Bronx)|Grand Concourse]], a wide boulevard, runs through it, north to south.

==== Northwestern Bronx ====
([[Bronx Community Board|Bronx Community District]]s 7 ''[between the [[Bronx River|Bronx]] and [[Harlem River]]s]'' and 8 ''[facing the [[Hudson River]]]'' – plus part of Board 12)

Neighborhoods include: Fordham-Bedford, [[Bedford Park, Bronx|Bedford Park]], [[Norwood, Bronx|Norwood]], [[Kingsbridge Heights]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 7|Community District 7]])'', [[Kingsbridge, Bronx|Kingsbridge]], [[Riverdale, Bronx|Riverdale]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 8|Community District 8]])'', and [[Woodlawn Heights, Bronx|Woodlawn Heights]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 12|Community District 12]])''.
([[Marble Hill, Manhattan]] is now connected by land to the Bronx rather than Manhattan and is served by Bronx Community District 8.)

==== South Bronx ====
{{Main|South Bronx}}[[File:Morrisheightsbx.JPG|thumb|left|[[Morris Heights, Bronx|Morris Heights]], a Bronx neighborhood of over 45,000]]([[Bronx Community Board|Bronx Community District]]s 1 to 6 plus part of CD 7—''progressing northwards, CDs 2, 3 and 6 border the [[Bronx River]] from its mouth to [[Bronx Park]], while 1, 4, 5 and 7 face Manhattan across the [[Harlem River]]'')

Like other [[neighborhoods in New York City]], the South Bronx has no official boundaries. The name has been used to represent poverty in the Bronx and is applied to progressively more northern places so that by the 2000s, [[Fordham Road]] was often used as a northern limit. The [[Bronx River]] more consistently forms an eastern boundary. The South Bronx has many high-density apartment buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multi-unit homes. The South Bronx is home to the [[Bronx County Courthouse]], Borough Hall, and other government buildings, as well as [[Yankee Stadium]]. The [[Cross Bronx Expressway]] bisects it, east to west. The South Bronx has some of the poorest neighborhoods in the country, as well as very high crime areas.

Neighborhoods include: [[The Hub, Bronx|The Hub]] (a retail district at [[Third Avenue]] and East 149th Street), [[Port Morris, Bronx|Port Morris]], [[Mott Haven, Bronx|Mott Haven]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 1|Community District 1]])'', [[Melrose, Bronx|Melrose]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 1|Community District 1]] & [[Bronx Community Board 3|Community District 3]])'', [[Morrisania]], [[East Morrisania, Bronx|East Morrisania]] [also known as Crotona Park East] ''([[Bronx Community Board 3|Community District 3]])'', [[Hunts Point, Bronx|Hunts Point]], [[Longwood, Bronx|Longwood]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 2|Community District 2]])'', [[Highbridge, Bronx|Highbridge]], [[Concourse, Bronx|Concourse]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 4|Community District 4]])'', [[West Farms, Bronx|West Farms]], [[Belmont, Bronx|Belmont]], [[East Tremont, Bronx|East Tremont]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 6|Community District 6]])'', [[Tremont, Bronx|Tremont]], [[Morris Heights, Bronx|Morris Heights]] ''([[Bronx Community Board 5|Community District 5]])'', [[University Heights, Bronx|University Heights]]. ''([[Bronx Community Board 5|Community District 5]] & [[Bronx Community Board 7|Community District 7]])''.