Nazareth

===Crusader period===
[[File:Sainn7992.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Makam al-Nabi Sain Mosque]] of Nazareth]]
In 1099, the Crusader [[Tancred, Prince of Galilee|Tancred]] captured Galilee and established his capital in Nazareth. He was the ruler of the [[Principality of Galilee]], which was established, at least in name, in 1099, as a [[Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem|vassal of the Kingdom of Jerusalem]]. Later, in 1115, Nazareth was created as a [[seigneuries|seigneury]] within the principality. A Martin of Nazareth, who probably acted as viscount of Nazareth, is documented in 1115 and in 1130/1131.<ref>Murray, Alan, ''The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Dynastic History 1099-1125'' (Unit for Prosopographical Research, Linacre College, Oxford, 2000) p. 217.</ref> Nazareth was the original site of the Latin Patriarch, also established by Tancred. The ancient diocese of [[Beit She'an|Scythopolis]] was relocated under the [[Archbishop of Nazareth]], as one of the four archdioceses in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. When the town returned to Muslim control in 1187 following the victory of [[Saladin]] in the [[Battle of Hattin]], the remaining Crusaders and European clergy were forced to leave town.<ref name=Dumperp273>Dumper, p. 273.</ref> [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick II]] managed to negotiate safe passage for pilgrims from Acre in 1229, and in 1251, [[Louis IX]], the king of France, attended mass in the grotto, accompanied by his wife.<ref name=Dumperp273/>