Hell Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ===Christianity=== {{Main|Hell in Christianity|Christian views on Hades}} [[File:Valley of Hinom PA180090.JPG|thumb|"Gehenna", [[Valley of Hinnom]], 2007]] [[File:Brooklyn Museum - The Bad Rich Man in Hell (Le mauvais riche dans l'Enfer) - James Tissot - overall.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Parables of Jesus|parable]] of the [[Rich man and Lazarus]] depicting the rich man in hell asking for help to Abraham and Lazarus in [[Heaven (Christianity)|heaven]] by James Tissot]] [[File:Harrowing of hell Christ leads Adam by the hand. On scroll in border, the motto 'Entre tenir Dieu le viuelle' (f. 125) Cropped.jpg|thumb|''[[Harrowing of Hell]]''. Christ leads Adam by the hand, c.1504]] [[File:Fra Angelico 010.jpg|thumb|''The Last Judgment, Hell'', c.1431, by [[Fra Angelico]]]] The Christian doctrine of hell derives from passages in the [[New Testament]]. The English word ''hell'' does not appear in the Greek New Testament; instead one of three words is used: the Greek words ''Tartarus'' or ''Hades'', or the Hebrew word ''Gehinnom''. In the [[Septuagint]] and New Testament, the authors used the Greek term Hades for the Hebrew Sheol, but often with Jewish rather than Greek concepts in mind. In the Jewish concept of Sheol, such as expressed in Ecclesiastes,<ref>Ecclesiastes 9:10 πάντα ὅσα ἂν εὕρῃ ἡ χείρ σου τοῦ ποιῆσαι ὡς ἡ δύναμίς σου ποίησον ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ποίημα καὶ λογισμὸς καὶ γνῶσις καὶ σοφία ἐν ᾅδῃ ὅπου σὺ πορεύῃ ἐκεῖ</ref> Sheol or Hades is a place where there is no activity. However, since [[Augustine]], some {{which|date=July 2019}} Christians have believed that the souls of those who die either rest peacefully, in the case of Christians, or are afflicted, in the case of the damned, after death until the [[resurrection]].<ref name="Hoekema">{{cite book|last=Hoekema|first=Anthony A|title=The Bible and the Future|year=1994|location=Grand Rapids|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans|page=92}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Hebrew OT ! [[Septuagint]] ! Greek NT ! times in NT ! [[Vulgate]] ! [[KJV]] ! [[NIV]] |- |שְׁאוֹל (''Sheol'')<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H7585&t=KJV|title= Lexicon :: H7585 – shĕ'owl|author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|website= Blue Letter Bible|publisher= BLB Institute|access-date= 26 February 2017|quote= 1Mos 37:35, 42:38, 44:29, 44:31|url-status= live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151105180247/https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H7585|archive-date= 5 November 2015|df= dmy-all}}</ref> |Ἅιδης (''Haïdēs'')<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G86&t=KJV |title= Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= Blue Letter Bible |publisher= BLB Institute |access-date= 28 January 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120415063409/http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=G86 |archive-date= 15 April 2012 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> |ᾌδης (''Ádēs'')<ref>{{LSJ|*(/aidhs|Ἅιδης|longref}}</ref> |x10<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G86&t=KJV |title= Lexicon :: Strong's G86 – hadēs |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= Blue Letter Bible |publisher= BLB Institute |access-date= 28 January 2017 |quote= [[Mat.11:23]] 16:18 Luk.10:15. Ap.2:27,31. 1Kor 15:55.Upp.1:18 6:8 20:13,14 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170130145825/https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G86&t=KJV |archive-date= 30 January 2017 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> |infernus<ref>{{L&S|infernus|infernus|ref}}</ref> |Hell |Hades |- |גֵיא בֶן־הִנֹּם (''Ge Hinom'')<ref>גֵיא בֶן־הִנֹּם [http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H2011&t=KJV Hinnom] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606172603/http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H2011&t=KJV |date=6 June 2011 }}: Jer.19:6</ref> |Εννομ (''Ennom'')<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H8612&t=lxx |title= Lexicon :: Strong's H8612 – Topheth |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= Blue Letter Bible |publisher= BLB Institute |access-date= 28 January 2017 |quote= καὶ ἐμίανεν τὸν Ταφεθ τὸν ἐν φάραγγι υἱοῦ '''Εννομ''' τοῦ διάγειν ἄνδρα τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἄνδρα τὴν θυγατέρα αὐτοῦ τῷ Μολοχ ἐν πυρί |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170202120213/https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?strongs=H8612&t=lxx |archive-date= 2 February 2017 |df= dmy-all }}</ref> |γέεννα (''géenna'')<ref>{{LSJ|ge/enna|γέεννα|longref}}</ref> |x11<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1067&t=KJV|title= Lexicon :: Strong's G1067 – geenna|author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|website= Blue Letter Bible|publisher= BLB Institute|access-date= 28 January 2017|quote= Mat.5:22,29,30, 10:28, 18:09, 23:15,33. Mar. 9:43,45,47, Luk.12:05, Jak.3:6|url-status= live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170130210048/https://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1067&t=KJV|archive-date= 30 January 2017|df= dmy-all}}</ref> |gehennae<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.blueletterbible.org/search/search.cfm?Criteria=gehennae&t=VUL#s=s_primary_0_1|title= Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "gehennae"}}</ref>/gehennam<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blueletterbible.org/search/search.cfm?Criteria=gehennam&t=VUL#s=s_primary_0_1|title= Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "gehennam"}}</ref> |Hell |Hell |- |(Not applicable) |(Not applicable) |Ταρταρόω (''Tartaróō'')<ref>{{LSJ|tartaro/w|Ταρταρόω|longref}}</ref> |x1 |tartarum<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blueletterbible.org/search/search.cfm?Criteria=tartarum&t=VUL#s=s_primary_0_1|title= Blue Letter Bible: VUL Search Results for "tartarum"}}</ref> |Hell |Hell |} While these three terms are translated in the KJV as "hell" they have three very different meanings. * Hades has similarities to the Old Testament term, [[Sheol]] as "the place of the dead" or "grave". Thus, it is used in reference to both the righteous and the wicked, since both wind up there eventually.<ref>{{cite book |last=Unger |first=Merrill F.|author-link=Merrill Unger |year=1981 |title='''Unger's Bible Dictionary''' |publisher=Moody Bible Institute, The |location=Chicago|page=467}}</ref> * [[Gehenna]] refers to the "Valley of Hinnom", which was a garbage dump outside of Jerusalem. It was a place where people burned their garbage and thus there was always a fire burning there.{{contradict inline|article=Gehenna|section=Rabbinical Judaism|date=July 2019}} Bodies of those deemed to have died in sin without hope of salvation (such as people who committed suicide) were thrown there to be destroyed.<ref>''The New Schaf-Herzog Encyclopedia of religious Knowledge'', p. 415</ref> Gehenna is used in the New Testament as a metaphor for the final place of punishment for the wicked after the resurrection.<ref>The New Schaf-Herzog Encyclopedia of religious Knowledge pgs. 414–415</ref> * ''Tartaróō'' (the verb "throw to [[Tartarus]]", used of the fall of the Titans in a [[scholia|scholium]] on [[The Illiad|Illiad]] 14.296) occurs only once in the New Testament in II Peter 2:4, where it is parallel to the use of the noun form in [[1 Enoch]] as the place of incarceration of the fallen angels. It mentions nothing about human souls being sent there in the afterlife. According to the Roman Catholic Church, the [[Council of Trent]] taught, in the 5th canon of its 14th session, that damnation is eternal: "...the loss of eternal blessedness, and the eternal damnation which he has incurred..."<ref>[http://www.thecounciloftrent.com/ch14.htm Council of Trent, Session 14, Canon 5]</ref> The [[Catholic Church]] defines hell as "a state of definitive self-exclusion from communion with God and the blessed". One finds oneself in hell as the result of dying in [[mortal sin]] without repenting and accepting God's merciful love, becoming eternally separated from him by one's own free choice<ref>''Catechism of the Catholic Church'', Article 1033</ref> immediately after death.<ref>''Catechism of the Catholic Church'', Article 1035</ref> In the Roman Catholic Church, many other Christian churches, such as the [[Methodism|Methodists]], [[Baptists]] and [[Episcopalians]], and some [[Greek Orthodox]] churches,<ref>See Kallistos Ware, "Dare we hope for the salvation of all?" in ''The Inner Kingdom: Volume 1 of the Collected Works''</ref> hell is taught as the final destiny of those who have not been found worthy after the [[general resurrection]] and [[last judgment]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+20:11-15|title=Revelation 20:11–15|website=Bible Gateway|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203142225/http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+20:11-15|archive-date=3 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=romans+6:23|title=Romans 6:23|website=Bible Gateway|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602120139/http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+6:23|archive-date=2 June 2008}}</ref><ref>Mt 25:31, 32, 46</ref> where they will be eternally punished for [[sin]] and permanently separated from God.<ref name="EMCC2017">{{cite book |title=Evangelical Methodist Church Discipline |date=15 July 2017 |publisher=[[Evangelical Methodist Church Conference]] |language=English|page=17}}</ref> The nature of this judgment is inconsistent with many [[Protestant]] churches teaching the saving comes from accepting Jesus Christ as their savior, while the Greek Orthodox and Catholic Churches teach that the judgment hinges on both faith and works. However, many [[Liberal Christian]]s throughout [[Mainline Protestant]] churches believe in [[universal reconciliation]] (see below), even though it contradicts the traditional doctrines that are usually held by the evangelicals within their denominations.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/699929.stm |publisher=BBC |title=Hell – it's about to get hotter |date=4 April 2000 |access-date=30 April 2012 |first1=Joe |last1=Gooden |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031013436/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/699929.stm |archive-date=31 October 2012 }}</ref> Regarding the belief in hell, the interpretation of [[Extra Ecclesiam nulla salus]] is also relevant.<ref>Heinrich Döring: ''Der universale Anspruch der Kirche und die nichtchristlichen Religionen'', in: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift 41 (1990), p. 78 et sqq.</ref> Some modern Christian theologians subscribe to the doctrines of [[Christian conditionalism|conditional immortality]]. Conditional immortality is the belief that the soul dies with the body and does not live again until the resurrection. As with other Jewish writings of the [[Second Temple]] period, the New Testament text distinguishes two words, both translated "hell" in older English Bibles: ''Hades'', "the grave", and ''Gehenna'' where God "can destroy both body and soul".<ref>{{cite web|title=4.9 Hell|url=http://www.christadelphians.com/biblebasics/0409hell.html|publisher=The Christadelphians|access-date=6 August 2015}}</ref> A minority of Christians read this to mean that neither Hades nor Gehenna are eternal but refer to the ultimate destruction of the wicked in the Lake of Fire in a consuming fire after resurrection. However, because of the Greek words used in translating from the Hebrew text, the Hebrew ideas have become confused with Greek myths and ideas. In the Hebrew text when people died they went to [[Sheol]], the grave<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hirsch|first1=Emil G|title=SHEOL|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13563-sheol|publisher=JewishEncyclopedia.com|access-date=10 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918204814/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13563-sheol|archive-date=18 September 2015}}</ref> and the wicked ultimately went to Gehenna and were consumed by fire. The Hebrew words for "the grave" or "death" or "eventual destruction of the wicked", were translated using Greek words and later texts became a mix of mistranslation, pagan influence, and Greek myth.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bedore, Th.D.|first1=W. Edward|title=Hell, Sheol, Hades, Paradise, and the Grave|date=September 2007|url=https://www.bereanbiblesociety.org/hell-sheol-hades-paradise-and-the-grave/|publisher=Berean Bible Society|access-date=10 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711233406/https://www.bereanbiblesociety.org/hell-sheol-hades-paradise-and-the-grave/|archive-date=11 July 2015}}</ref> [[Christian mortalism]] is the doctrine that all men and women, including Christians, must die, and do not continue and are not conscious after death. Therefore, [[annihilationism]] includes the doctrine that "the wicked" are also destroyed rather than [[tortured|tormented]] [[eternity|forever]] in traditional "hell" or the [[lake of fire]]. Christian mortalism and annihilationism are directly related to the doctrine of conditional immortality, the idea that a human [[soul]] is not immortal unless it is given eternal life at the [[second coming of Christ]] and [[resurrection of the dead]]. Biblical scholars looking at the issue through the Hebrew text have denied the teaching of innate immortality.<ref>{{Citation | quote = Many biblical scholars down throughout history, looking at the issue through Hebrew rather than Greek eyes, have denied the teaching of innate immortality. | last = Knight | title = A brief history of Seventh-Day Adventists | page = 42 | year = 1999}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Pool |year=1998 |title=Against returning to Egypt: Exposing and Resisting Credalism in the Southern Baptist Convention |page=133 |quote='Various concepts of conditional immortality or annihilationism have appeared earlier in Baptist history as well. Several examples illustrate this claim. General as well as particular Baptists developed versions of annihilationism or conditional immortality.'}}</ref> Rejection of the [[immortality of the soul]], and advocacy of Christian mortalism, was a feature of Protestantism since the early days of the [[Reformation]] with [[Martin Luther]] himself rejecting the traditional idea, though his mortalism did not carry into orthodox [[Lutheranism]]. One of the most notable English opponents of the immortality of the soul was [[Thomas Hobbes]] who describes the idea as a Greek "contagion" in Christian doctrine.<ref>Stephen A. State ''Thomas Hobbes and the Debate Over Natural Law and Religion'' 2013 "The natural immortality of the soul is in fact a pagan presumption: "For men being generally possessed before the time of our Saviour, by contagion of the Daemonology of the Greeks, of an opinion, that the Souls of men were substances distinct from their Bodies, and therefore that when the Body was dead"</ref> Modern proponents of conditional immortality include some in the [[Anglican church]] such as [[N. T. Wright]]<ref>N. T. Wright ''For All the Saints?: Remembering the Christian Departed'' 2004 "many readers will get the impression that I believe that every human being comes already equipped with an immortal soul. I don't believe that. Immortality is a gift of God in Christ, not an innate human capacity (see 1 Timothy 6.16)."</ref> and as denominations the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Seventh-day Adventists]], [[Bible Student movement|Bible Students]], [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], [[Christadelphians]], Living Church of God, The Church of God International, and some other [[Protestant]] [[Christians]]. The Catholic Catechism states "The souls of sinners descend into hell, where they suffer 'eternal fire{{' "}}. However, [[Cardinal Vincent Nichols]], the most senior Catholic in England and Wales, said "there's nowhere in Catholic teaching that actually says any one person is in hell".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-43596919|title=Vatican: Pope did not say there is no hell|date=2018-03-30|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-03-30|language=en-GB|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331001451/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-43596919|archive-date=31 March 2018}}</ref> The 1993 ''[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]]'' states: "This state of definitive self-exclusion from communion with God and the blessed is called 'hell{{' "}}<ref>1033</ref> and "they suffer the punishments of hell, 'eternal fire{{' "}}.<ref>1035</ref> The chief punishment of hell is eternal separation from God" (CCC 1035). During an Audience in 1999, [[Pope John Paul II]] commented: "images of hell that Sacred Scripture presents to us must be correctly interpreted. They show the complete frustration and emptiness of life without God. Rather than a place, hell indicates the state of those who freely and definitively separate themselves from God, the source of all life and joy."<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/audiences/1999/documents/hf_jp-ii_aud_28071999.html|title=GENERAL AUDIENCE 28 July 1999|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113172530/http://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/audiences/1999/documents/hf_jp-ii_aud_28071999.html|archive-date=13 November 2016}}</ref> ====Other denominations==== The [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]]'s [[28 Fundamental Beliefs|official beliefs]] support [[annihilationism]].<ref>"[http://www.adventist.org/beliefs/fundamental/index.html Fundamental Beliefs] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060310104717/http://www.adventist.org/beliefs/fundamental/index.html |date=10 March 2006 }}" (1980) webpage from the official church website. See "25. Second Coming of Christ", "26. Death and Resurrection", "27. Millennium and the End of Sin", and "28. New Earth". The earlier 1872 and 1931 statements also support conditionalism</ref><ref>Samuele Bacchiocchi, "[http://www.biblicalperspectives.com/books/immortality_resurrection/6.htm Hell: Eternal Torment or Annihilation?] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216040008/http://www.biblicalperspectives.com/books/immortality_resurrection/6.htm |date=16 February 2015 }}" chapter 6 in ''Immortality Or Resurrection?''. [[Biblical Perspectives]], 1997; {{ISBN|1-930987-12-9}}, {{ISBN|978-1-930987-12-8}}{{page needed|date=January 2014}}</ref> They deny the Catholic purgatory and teach that the dead lie in the grave until they are [[Last judgment|raised for a last judgment]], both the righteous and wicked await the resurrection at the [[Second Coming]]. Seventh-day Adventists believe that [[death]] is a state of [[Soul sleep|unconscious sleep]] until the resurrection. They base this belief on biblical texts such as {{Bibleverse||Ecclesiastes|9:5|NIV}} which states "the dead know nothing", and {{Bibleverse|1|Thessalonians|4:13–18|NIV}} which contains a description of the dead being raised from the [[Grave (burial)|grave]] at the second coming. These verses, it is argued, indicate that death is only a period or form of slumber. Adventists teach that the resurrection of the righteous will take place shortly after the second coming of [[Jesus]], as described in Revelation 20:4–6 that follows Revelation 19:11–16, whereas the resurrection of the wicked will occur after the [[millennialism|millennium]], as described in Revelation 20:5 and 20:12–13 that follow Revelation 20:4 and 6–7, though Revelation 20:12–13 and 15 actually describe a ''mixture'' of saved and condemned people being raised from the dead and judged. Adventists reject the traditional doctrine of hell as a state of everlasting conscious torment, believing instead that the wicked will be permanently destroyed after the millennium by the [[lake of fire]], which is called 'the [[second death]]' in Revelation 20:14. Those Adventist doctrines about death and hell reflect an underlying belief in: (a) conditional immortality (or conditionalism), as opposed to the [[immortality]] of the [[soul]]; and (b) the [[Christian anthropology|monistic nature]] of [[human beings]], in which the soul is not separable from the body, as opposed to [[bipartite (theology)|bipartite]] or [[tripartite (theology)|tripartite]] conceptions, in which the soul is separable. [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] hold that the soul ceases to exist when the person dies<ref name="bibleteach">"What Does the Bible Really Teach?", 2005, Published by Jehovah's Witnesses</ref> and therefore that hell (Sheol or Hades) is a state of non-existence.<ref name="bibleteach" /> In their theology, Gehenna differs from Sheol or Hades in that it holds no hope of a resurrection.<ref name="bibleteach" /> Tartarus is held to be the metaphorical state of debasement of the fallen angels between the time of their moral fall (Genesis chapter 6) until their post-millennial destruction along with Satan (Revelation chapter 20).<ref>"Insight on the scriptures, Volume 2", 1988, Published by Jehovah's Witnesses.</ref> [[Bible Student movement|Bible Students]] and [[Christadelphians]] also believe in annihilationism. [[Christian Universalism|Christian Universalists]] believe in [[universal reconciliation]], the belief that all human souls will be eventually reconciled with God and admitted to heaven.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.auburn.edu/~allenkc/chr-univ.html |title=What is Christian Universalism? |access-date=17 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122135418/http://www.auburn.edu/~allenkc/chr-univ.html |archive-date=22 November 2017 }} What is Christian Universalism by Ken Allen Th.D</ref> This belief is held by some [[Unitarian Universalism|Unitarian-Universalists]].<ref>''New Bible Dictionary'', "Hell", InterVarsity Press, 1996.</ref><ref>''New Dictionary of Biblical Theology'', "Hell", InterVarsity Press, 2000.</ref><ref>[[Evangelical Alliance]] Commission on Truth and Unity Among Evangelicals, ''The Nature of Hell'', Paternoster, 2000.</ref> According to [[Emanuel Swedenborg]]'s [[Second Coming]] [[Christianity|Christian]] revelation, hell exists because evil people want it.<ref>Swedenborg, E. [http://swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/HH.html Heaven and its Wonders and Hell From Things Heard and Seen(Swedenborg Foundation, 1946 #545ff.)]</ref> They, not God, introduced evil to the human race.<ref>Swedenborg, E. [http://www.swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/tcrtc.html The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1, 2] (Swedenborg Foundation, 1946, #489ff.).</ref> In [[The New Church (Swedenborgian)|Swedenborgianism]], every soul joins the like-minded group after death in which it feels the most comfortable. Hell is therefore believed to be a place of happiness for the souls which delight in evilness.<ref>offTheLeftEye: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpCWOpiTVds&t=2507s The Good Thing About Hell - Swedenborg and Life], YouTube, 14 March 2016.</ref> Members of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church) teach that hell is a state between death and resurrection, in which those spirits who did not repent while on earth must suffer for their own sins (Doctrine and Covenants 19:15–17<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/19?lang=eng|title=Doctrine and Covenants 19}}</ref>). After that, only the [[Son of perdition (Mormonism)|Sons of perdition]], who committed the [[Eternal sin]], would be cast into [[Outer darkness]]. However, according to Mormon faith, committing the Eternal sin requires so much knowledge that most persons cannot do this.<ref>[[Spencer W. Kimball]]: The Miracle of Forgiveness, p. 123.</ref> [[Satan]] and [[Cain]] are counted as examples of Sons of perdition. Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page