Galilee

===Modern Israeli period===
After the [[1948 Arab–Israeli war]], nearly the whole of Galilee came under Israel's control. A large portion of the population fled or was forced to leave, leaving dozens of entire villages empty; however, a large [[Arab citizens of Israel|Israeli Arab]] community remained based in and near the cities of Nazareth, [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], [[Tamra]], [[Sakhnin]], and [[Shefa-'Amr]], due to some extent to a successful rapprochement with the Druze. The [[kibbutz]]im around the [[Sea of Galilee]] were sometimes shelled by the [[Syrian army]]'s artillery until Israel seized Western [[Golan Heights]] in the 1967 [[Six-Day War]].

During the 1970s and the early 1980s, the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) [[Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon|launched multiple attacks]] on towns and villages of the Upper and Western Galilee from [[Lebanon]]. This came in parallel to the general destabilization of [[Southern Lebanon]], which became a scene of fierce sectarian fighting which deteriorated into the [[Lebanese Civil War]]. On the course of the war, Israel initiated [[Operation Litani]] (1979) and [[Operation Peace For Galilee]] (1982) with the stated objectives of destroying the PLO infrastructure in Lebanon, protecting the citizens of the Galilee and supporting allied Christian Lebanese militias. Israel took over much of southern Lebanon in support of Christian Lebanese militias until 1985, when it withdrew to a [[Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon|narrow security buffer zone]].

From 1985 to 2000, [[Hezbollah]], and earlier [[Amal Movement|Amal]], [[South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)|engaged]] the [[South Lebanon Army]] supported by the [[Israel Defense Forces]], sometimes shelling [[Upper Galilee]] communities with [[Katyusha rocket launcher|Katyusha]] rockets. In May 2000, [[Prime Minister of Israel|Israeli prime minister]] [[Ehud Barak]] unilaterally withdrew IDF troops from southern Lebanon, maintaining a security force on the [[Blue Line (Lebanon)|Israeli side of the international border]] recognized by the [[United Nations]]. The move brought a collapse to the [[South Lebanon Army]] and takeover of Southern Lebanon by Hezbollah. However, despite Israeli withdrawal, clashes between Hezbollah and Israel continued along the border, and UN observers condemned both for their attacks.

The [[2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict]] was characterized by round-the-clock Katyusha rocket attacks (with a greatly extended range) by Hezbollah on the whole of Galilee, with long-range, ground-launched missiles hitting as far south as the [[Sharon Plain]], [[Jezreel Valley]], and [[Jordan Valley (Middle East)|Jordan Valley]] below the Sea of Galilee.