Argentina

=== Climate ===
{{Main|Climate of Argentina|Climatic regions of Argentina}}
[[File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_ARG_present.svg|thumb|[[Köppen climate classification]] in Argentina]]

In general, Argentina has four main climate types: warm, moderate, arid, and cold, all determined by the expanse across latitude, range in altitude, and relief features.<ref name=arggov>{{cite web|url=http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1483 |title=Geography and Climate of Argentina |publisher=Government of Argentina |access-date=28 August 2015 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101220215355/http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1483 |archive-date=20 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Beck |first1=Hylke E. |last2=Zimmermann |first2=Niklaus E. |last3=McVicar |first3=Tim R. |last4=Vergopolan |first4=Noemi |last5=Berg |first5=Alexis |last6=Wood |first6=Eric F. |title=Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution |journal=Scientific Data |date=30 October 2018 |volume=5 |page=180214 |doi=10.1038/sdata.2018.214|pmid=30375988 |pmc=6207062 |bibcode=2018NatSD...580214B}}</ref> Although the most populated areas are generally [[temperate climate|temperate]], Argentina has an exceptional amount of climate diversity,<ref name = FAO>{{cite web |url= http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Argentina/argentina.htm |title= Argentina |work= Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles |publisher= Food and Agriculture Organization |access-date= 7 June 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150525011748/http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Argentina/argentina.htm |archive-date= 25 May 2015 |url-status = live}}</ref> ranging from [[subtropical]] in the north to [[Polar climate|polar]] in the far south.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150830193152/http://www.turismo.gov.ar/eng/Information/fsinformations.htm |archive-date=30 August 2015 |url=http://www.turismo.gov.ar/eng/Information/fsinformations.htm |title=General Information |publisher=Ministerio de Turismo |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status = dead}}</ref> Consequently, there is a wide variety of [[biomes]] in the country, including subtropical rain forests, semi-arid and [[arid]] regions, temperate plains in the Pampas, and cold subantarctic in the south.<ref name =Fernandez>{{cite web |last1=Fernandez |first1=Osvaldo |last2=Busso |first2=Carlos |title=Arid and semi–arid rangelands: two thirds of Argentina |url=http://www.rala.is/rade/ralareport/fernandez.pdf |publisher=The Agricultural University of Iceland |access-date=23 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924084601/http://www.rala.is/rade/ralareport/fernandez.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status = dead}}</ref> The average annual precipitation ranges from {{convert|150|mm|in|0}} in the driest parts of [[Patagonia]] to over {{convert|2000|mm|in|0}} in the westernmost parts of Patagonia and the northeastern parts of the country.<ref name = FAO /> Mean annual temperatures range from {{convert|5|C|0}} in the far south to {{convert|25|C|0}} in the north.<ref name=FAO />

Major wind currents include the cool [[Pampero Winds]] blowing on the flat plains of Patagonia and the Pampas; following the cold front, warm currents blow from the north in middle and late winter, creating mild conditions.{{sfn|Menutti|Menutti|1980|p=69}}
The [[Sudestada]] usually moderates cold temperatures but brings very heavy rains, rough seas and [[coastal flooding]]. It is most common in late autumn and winter along the central coast and in the Río de la Plata estuary.{{sfn|Menutti|Menutti|1980|p=69}}
The [[Zonda wind|Zonda]], a [[foehn wind|hot dry wind]], affects Cuyo and the central Pampas. Squeezed of all moisture during the {{convert|6000|m|0|abbr=on}} descent from the Andes, Zonda winds can blow for hours with gusts up to {{convert|120|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, fueling wildfires and causing damage; between June and November, when the Zonda blows, snowstorms and [[blizzard]] (''viento blanco'') conditions usually affect higher elevations.{{sfn|Menutti|Menutti|1980|p=53}}

[[Climate change in Argentina]] is predicted to have significant effects on the living conditions in Argentina.<ref name=cambioclimatico2009>{{cite web |url=http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/UCC/File/09ccargentina.pdf |language=es |title=El Cambio Climatico en Argentina |publisher=Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable |access-date=20 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052049/http://www.ambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/UCC/File/09ccargentina.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>{{rp|30}} The [[climate of Argentina]] is changing with regards to precipitation patterns and temperatures. The highest increases in precipitation (from the period 1960–2010) have occurred in the eastern parts of the country. The increase in precipitation has led to more variability in precipitation from year to year in the northern parts of the country, with a higher risk of prolonged [[droughts]], disfavoring agriculture in these [[regions]].