Tulsa, Oklahoma

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Tulsa}}

{{US Census population
| 1900 = 1390
| 1910 = 18182
| 1920 = 72075
| 1930 = 141258
| 1940 = 142157
| 1950 = 182740
| 1960 = 261685
| 1970 = 331638
| 1980 = 360919
| 1990 = 367302
| 2000 = 393049
| 2010 = 391906
| 2020 = 413066
| estyear = 2022
| estimate = 411867
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="QuickFactsJuly12019">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/tulsacityoklahoma/PST045219|title=QuickFacts: Tulsa city, Oklahoma - 2019|date=July 1, 2019}}</ref><ref name="QuickFacts"/>
}}
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2010- Tulsa (5560454596).png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in Tulsa, 2010 U.S. Census. Each dot is 25 people: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ff0000|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#0000ff|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#00ffaa|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffa600|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=#ffff07|Other}}]]

According to the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], Tulsa had a population of 391,906 and the racial and ethnic composition was as follows:<ref name="wwwcensusgov"/> [[White American]]: 62.6% (57.9% [[Non-Hispanic Whites]]);<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/OKtab.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=www.census.gov |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918051946/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/OKtab.pdf |archive-date=18 September 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Black-Americans|Black]], 15.6%; [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (of any race), 14.1% (11.5% [[Mexican American|Mexican]], 0.4% [[Puerto Ricans in the United States|Puerto Rican]], 0.3% [[Guatemalan American|Guatemalan]], 0.2% [[Spanish American|Spanish]], 0.2% [[Honduran American|Honduran]], 0.2% [[Salvadoran American|Salvadoran]]); some other race, 8.0%; [[Multiracial American|Two or more races]], 5.9%; [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]], 5.3%; [[Asian American]], 2.3% (0.5% [[Hmong American|Hmong]], 0.4% [[Vietnamese American|Vietnamese]], 0.3% [[Chinese American|Chinese]], 0.2% [[Indian American|Indian]], 0.2% [[Korean American|Korean]], 0.2% [[Burmese American|Burmese]]); and [[Pacific Islander American|Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander]]: 0.1%. In the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population increased to 413,066.

As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], there were 391,906 people, 163,975 households, and 95,246 families residing in the city, with a population density of {{convert| 2033.4 |PD/sqmi}} There were 185,127 housing units at an average density of {{convert|982.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. Of 163,975 households, 27% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.2% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. Of all households, 34.5% are made up of only one person, and 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 people and the average family size was 3.04.<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=July 21, 2015}}</ref>

In the city proper, the age distribution was 24.8% of the population under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% who were 65 years of age or older, while the median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.5 males, while for every 100 females over the age of 17 there were 90.4 males. In 2011, the median income for a household in the city was $40,268 and the median income for a family was $51,977. The per capita income for the city was $26,727. About 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line.<ref name="wwwcensusgov"/> Of the city's population over the age of 25, 29.8% holds a bachelor's degree or higher, and 86.5% have a high school diploma or [[General Educational Development|equivalent]].<ref name="wwwcensusgov"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/4075000.html |title=Tulsa (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau |publisher=Quickfacts.census.gov |access-date=June 4, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322080208/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/4075000.html |archive-date=March 22, 2009  }}</ref>

===Metropolitan area===
[[File:Tulsa Metro.svg|thumb|right|The Tulsa MSA's location (red) in the state of Oklahoma with the Tulsa-Bartlesville CSA (pink)]]
{{Main|Tulsa Metropolitan Area}}
The Tulsa [[Metropolitan Area|metropolitan area]], or the region immediately surrounding Tulsa with strong social and economic ties to the city,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_metro.htm| title=State and County Quickfacts – Metropolitan Statistical Area| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]| access-date=July 15, 2007| archive-date=July 11, 2007| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070711042345/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_metro.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> occupies a large portion of the state's northeastern quadrant. It is informally known as "[[Green Country]]", a longstanding name adopted by the state's official tourism designation for all of northeastern Oklahoma (its usage concerning the Tulsa Metropolitan Area can be traced to the early part of the 20th century).<ref name="Green Country Reborn">{{cite news | date=September 15, 2003 |url=http://www.tulsatoday.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=421&Itemid=2 | title=Vision of the Future Now, Part 3| first=David | last=Arnett | publisher=Tulsa Today | access-date=April 21, 2007}}</ref>

The [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]] defines the sphere of the city's influence as the Tulsa [[Metropolitan Statistical Area|metropolitan statistical area]] (MSA), spanning seven counties: Tulsa, [[Rogers County, Oklahoma|Rogers]], Osage, Wagoner, [[Okmulgee County, Oklahoma|Okmulgee]], [[Pawnee County, Oklahoma|Pawnee]], and [[Creek County, Oklahoma|Creek]]. The 2020 U.S. census shows the Tulsa MSA to have 1,015,331 residents<ref name="metropop13">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/datasets/2017/demo/popest/total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html|title=Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|date=June 24, 2016|access-date=June 24, 2016}}</ref> The 2020 U.S. census shows the Tulsa-Muscogee-Bartlesville CSA to have 1,134,125 residents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oklahomastudiosearch.com/tulsaapartments.htm|title=Oklahoma Apartments in Oklahoma|publisher=Oklahoma Apartments|access-date=April 29, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428134848/http://oklahomastudiosearch.com/tulsaapartments.htm|archive-date=April 28, 2012}}</ref><ref name="Metro growth nearing 7 digits">{{cite news|date=April 5, 2007|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?articleID=070405_1_A1_hThes35833|title=Metro Area growth nearing 7 digits|first=Leigh|last= Bell|newspaper=Tulsa World|access-date=April 13, 2007}}</ref>

===Religion===
Tulsa has a large conservative following, with the majority of Tulsans being Christians. The second-largest religion in Tulsa is Islam, followed by Buddhism and Judaism.{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}}

Tulsa is part of the Southern region demographers and commentators{{who|date=September 2023}} refer to as the "[[Bible Belt]]," where Protestant and, in particular, [[Southern Baptist]] and other [[evangelical]] Christian traditions are very prominent. In fact, Tulsa, home to [[Oral Roberts University]], [[Phillips Theological Seminary]], and [[RHEMA Bible Training Center|RHEMA Bible Training College]] (in the suburb of [[Broken Arrow, Oklahoma|Broken Arrow]]), is sometimes called the "[[Bible Belt#Buckle|buckle of the Bible Belt]]".<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newvoices.org/cgi-bin/articlepage.cgi?id=672 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070121104922/http://www.newvoices.org/cgi-bin/articlepage.cgi?id=672 | archive-date=January 21, 2007 | title=Jewish Life in the Bible Belt| first=Thursday | last=Bram | publisher=New Voices Magazine| access-date=August 5, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 29, 2007 |url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-162762471.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910074711/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-162762471.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 10, 2016 |title=Minister's book plunges into cultural issues |first=Bill |last=Sherman |work=Tulsa World |access-date=July 2, 2016}}</ref> Tulsa is also home to a number of vibrant [[Mainline Protestant]] congregations. Some of these congregations were founded during the oil boom of the early twentieth century and are noted for striking architecture, such as the art deco [[Boston Avenue Methodist Church]] and [[First Presbyterian Church (Tulsa)|First Presbyterian Church of Tulsa]]. The metropolitan area has at least four religious radio stations ([[KCFO]], [[KNYD]], [[KXOJ-FM|KXOJ]], & [[KPIM-LP|KPIM]]), and at least two religious TV stations ([[KWHB]] & [[KGEB]]).

While the state of Oklahoma has fewer Roman Catholics than the national average,<ref name="religion2">{{cite web | url= http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/| title=U.S. Religious Landscapes Survey| publisher=The Pew Forum on Religion and Life| access-date=January 30, 2019}}</ref> [[Holy Family Cathedral in Tulsa|Holy Family Cathedral]] serves as the Cathedral for the Diocese of Tulsa.

Tulsa is also home to the largest Jewish community in Oklahoma, with active Reform, Conservative and Orthodox congregations.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Shevitz|first1=Amy Hill|title=Jews|url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=JE009|website=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History|publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society|access-date=August 14, 2016}}</ref> Tulsa's [[Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art]] offers the largest collection of Judaica in the South-Central and Southwestern United States.

Tulsa is also home to the progressive [[All Souls Unitarian Church]], reportedly the largest [[Unitarian Universalist]] congregation in the United States.<ref name="French">Kimberly French, [http://www.uuworld.org/life/articles/145503.shtml "The gospel of inclusion: A black Pentecostal bishop embraces Universalism, befriends a Unitarian minister, and shakes up the largest congregation in the UUA."] ''UU World'', Fall 2009.</ref><ref name="Madison">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180909184906/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-111662143.html "Biggest in the U.S.: That Now Describes The First Unitarian Society Of Madison, And In 15 Years It Has Doubled To 1,300 Members"], ''[[Wisconsin State Journal]]'', December 26, 2003.</ref><ref>[http://swuuc.org/pages/about-us/our-history.php "A Brief History of the Southwestern Unitarian Universalist Conference"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821154502/http://www.swuuc.org/pages/about-us/our-history.php |date=August 21, 2016 }} at Southwestern Unitarian Universalist Conference website (retrieved July 17, 2009).</ref>

Chùa Tam Bào (Vietnamese: "Three Jewels Temple"), Oklahoma's only Buddhist temple, was established in east Tulsa in 1993 by Vietnamese refugees. A {{Convert|57|ft|m|-tall|adj=mid}} granite statue of Quan Âm  (commonly known by her Chinese name, [[Guanyin]]) is located in the grounds.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thislandpress.com/2015/09/02/tulsas-temple-of-the-three-jewels/|title=Tulsa's Temple of the Three Jewels {{!}} This Land Press - Made by You and Me|website=thislandpress.com|access-date=2020-01-01}}</ref>

===Crime rate===
{{Infobox UCR
|city_name= Tulsa
|year= 2017
|homicide= 17.29
|rape= 104.48
|robbery= 238.10
|aggravated_assault= 680.96
|violent_crime= 1,040.83
|burglary= 1,376.75
|larceny_theft= 3,224.26
|motor_vehicle_theft= 854.60
|arson= 35.57
|property_crime= 5,455.61
|source_url= https://ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u.s/2017/crime-in-the-u.s.-2017/tables/table-8/table-8-state-cuts/oklahoma.xls
|source_name= 2017 FBI UCR Data
|notes= 2017 population: 404,868
}}

Tulsa experienced elevated levels of gang violence in the late 1980s and early 1990s, when [[Crack Cocaine|crack cocaine]] flooded neighborhoods in North Tulsa. Tulsa gang problems became noticeable after an outbreak of gang-related crime between 1980 and 1983, which was traced to the Crips, a local gang which had been founded by two brothers whose family had recently moved to Oklahoma from [[Compton, California|Compton]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/11/05/us/wider-pattern-of-gang-violence-seen.html?pagewanted=all |title=Wider Pattern Of Gang Violence Seen |work=The New York Times |date=November 5, 1986 |access-date=March 8, 2019}}</ref> In 1986, gang graffiti started to show up on walls and drive-by shootings started occurring on late nights.<ref>{{cite web|author=Griff Palmer |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1986/08/17/street-gang-rumors-surface-in-tulsa/62717757007/ |title=Street Gang Rumors Surface in Tulsa |work=The Oklahoman |date=August 17, 1986 |access-date=June 7, 2022}}</ref>  In 1990 the city hit a record of 60 homicides, the highest since the 1981 peak.<ref>{{cite web|author=Tim Barker |url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/archives/city-homicide-mark-lives-on-deaths-in-short-of-record/article_e993ebab-cfa7-531d-8a95-f3d01228cfbb.html |title=City Homicide Mark Lives On |work=tulsaworld.com |date=January 2, 1991 |access-date=March 8, 2019}}</ref> North Tulsa has the highest crime rate in the city, with public housing projects being the most heavily affected areas.<ref>{{cite web|author=Chris Casteel |url= https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1991/07/07/tulsa-housing-projects-symbols-of-scandals/62523211007/ |title=Tulsa Housing Projects Symbols of Scandals |work=The Oklahoman |date=July 7, 1991 |access-date=June 7, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Anthony Thornton |url= https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1988/12/11/tenants-of-tulsa-complex-fear-thought-of-relocating/62630416007/ |title=Tenants of Tulsa Complex Fear Thought of Relocating |work=The Oklahoman |date=December 11, 1988 |access-date=June 7, 2022}}</ref> On June 1, 2022, a [[Warren Clinic shooting|mass shooting]] occurred in a medical center, killing at least 4 people, including the perpetrator.<ref>{{Cite web |title=4 killed in shooting at medical building in Tulsa, Oklahoma; suspected shooter dead, police say |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/3-killed-in-shooting-at-medical-building-in-tulsa-oklahoma-suspected-shooter-dead-authorities-say/ar-AAXYW6h |access-date=2022-06-02 |website=MSN}}</ref>