Berlin

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Berlin}}
[[File:Berlin population pyramid in 2022.svg|thumb|Berlin population pyramid in 2022]]
[[File:Berlin population2.svg|thumb|left|Berlin's population, 1880–2012]]
At the end of 2018, the city-state of Berlin had 3.75&nbsp;million registered inhabitants<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2"/> in an area of {{cvt|891.1|km2}}.<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-3"/> The city's population density was 4,206 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>. Berlin is the [[Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits|most populous city proper]] in the [[European Union]]. In 2019, the urban area of Berlin had about 4.5&nbsp;million inhabitants.<ref name="citypopulation_urban"/> {{As of|2019}}, the [[Larger Urban Zones|functional urban area]] was home to about 5.2&nbsp;million people.<ref>[https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en Population on 1 January by age groups and sex – functional urban areas, Eurostat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150903213351/https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en |date=3 September 2015 }}. Retrieved 28 April 2019.</ref> The entire [[Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region|Berlin-Brandenburg capital region]] has a population of more than 6&nbsp;million in an area of {{cvt|30546|km2|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deutsche-metropolregionen.org/mitglieder/berlin-brandenburg/|title=Initiativkreis Europäische Metropolregionen in Deutschland: Berlin-Brandenburg|website=www.deutsche-metropolregionen.org|date=31 August 2020|access-date=6 February 2013|archive-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817083458/https://www.deutsche-metropolregionen.org/mitglieder/berlin-brandenburg/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-3"/>

{{historical populations
|1721|65300
|1750|113289
|1800|172132
|1815|197717
|1825|220277
|1840|330230
|1852|438958
|1861|547571
|1871|826341
|1880|1122330
|1890|1578794
|1900|1888848
|1910|2071257
|1920|3879409
|1925|4082778
|1933|4221024
|1939|4330640
|1945|3064629
|1950|3336026
|1960|3274016
|1970|3208719
|1980|3048759
|1990|3433695
|2000|3382169
|2010|3460725
|2020|3664088
|53=2022|54=3755251|footnote=Population size may be affected by changes in administrative divisions.}}

In 2014, the city-state Berlin had 37,368 live births (+6.6%), a record number since 1991. The number of deaths was 32,314. Almost 2.0&nbsp;million households were counted in the city. 54 percent of them were single-person households. More than 337,000 families with children under the age of 18 lived in Berlin. In 2014, the German capital registered a migration surplus of approximately 40,000 people.<ref>[https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/produkte/kleinestatistik/AP_kleinestatistik_en_2015_be.pdf statistics Berlin Brandenburg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315084534/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/produkte/kleinestatistik/AP_kleinestatistik_en_2015_be.pdf |date=15 March 2016}}. www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de Retrieved 10 October 2016.</ref>

===Nationalities===
{|class="wikitable floatright"
|+ Residents by Citizenship <small>(31 June 2022)</small><ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2">{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/publikationen/stat_berichte/2020/SB_A01-05-00_2019h02_BE.pdf|title=Statistischer Bericht: Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner im Land Berlin am 31. Dezember 2019|trans-title=Statistical Report: Residents in the state of Berlin on 31 December 2019|pages=4, 10, 13, 18–22|website=[[Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg]]|access-date=8 April 2020|language=de|archive-date=23 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223110544/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/publikationen/stat_berichte/2020/SB_A01-05-00_2019h02_BE.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
! Country|| Population
|-
| {{flag|Germany}} || 2,958,786
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || 99,421
|-
| {{flag|Poland}} || 53,664
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || 49,280
|-
| {{flag|Syria}} ||44,324
|-
| {{flag|Italy}} ||32,362
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}} ||32,170
|-
| {{flag|Russian Federation}} || 30,590
|-
| {{flag|Romania}} || 27,128
|-
| {{flag|India}} || 23,771
|-
| {{flag|Vietnam}} || 22,858
|-
| {{flag|USA}}|| 20,990
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}} || 20,567
|-
| {{flag|France}}|| 19,241
|-
| {{flag|Afghanistan}} || 17,481
|}

National and international migration into the city has a long history. In 1685, after the revocation of the [[Edict of Nantes]] in France, the city responded with the [[Edict of Potsdam]], which guaranteed religious freedom and tax-free status to French Huguenot refugees for ten years. The [[Greater Berlin Act]] in 1920 incorporated many suburbs and surrounding cities of Berlin. It formed most of the territory that comprises modern Berlin and increased the population from 1.9&nbsp;million to 4&nbsp;million.

Active immigration and asylum politics in West Berlin triggered waves of immigration in the 1960s and 1970s. Berlin is home to at least 180,000 [[Turkish people|Turkish]] and [[Turks in Germany|Turkish German]] residents,<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2"/> making it the largest Turkish community outside of Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Berlin Became the World's Second Turkish... |url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/germany/articles/how-berlin-became-the-worlds-second-turkish-capital |website=Culture Trip |language=en |date=6 March 2018 |access-date=23 August 2023 |archive-date=23 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823212341/https://theculturetrip.com/europe/germany/articles/how-berlin-became-the-worlds-second-turkish-capital |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 1990s the ''Aussiedlergesetze'' enabled immigration to Germany of some residents from the former [[Soviet Union]]. Today ethnic [[History of Germans in Russia and the Soviet Union|Germans]] from countries of the former Soviet Union make up the largest portion of the Russian-speaking community.<ref>{{cite web |author=Dmitry Bulgakov |url=https://www.russiajournal.com/node/4653 |title=Berlin is speaking Russians' language |publisher=Russiajournal.com |date=11 March 2001 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406142034/https://www.russiajournal.com/node/4653 |archive-date=6 April 2013}}</ref> The last decade experienced an influx from various Western countries and some African regions.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.welt.de/print-wams/article616463/Berlin_wird_farbiger_Die_Afrikaner_kommen.html |title=Berlin wird farbiger. Die Afrikaner kommen – Nachrichten Welt am Sonntag – Welt Online |language=de |newspaper=Die Welt |date=28 October 2001 |access-date=2 June 2011 |last1=Heilwagen |first1=Oliver |archive-date=15 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515022639/https://www.welt.de/print-wams/article616463/Berlin_wird_farbiger_Die_Afrikaner_kommen.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A portion of the African immigrants have settled in the [[Afrikanisches Viertel]].<ref>{{cite press release |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=6 February 2009 |title=Zweites Afrika-Magazin "Afrikanisches Viertel" erschienen Bezirksbürgermeister Dr. Christian Hanke ist Schirmherr |url=https://www.berlin.de/ba-mitte/aktuell/presse/archiv/20090206.1305.119894.html |location=Berlin |publisher=berlin.de |access-date=27 September 2016 |archive-date=21 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021050530/https://www.berlin.de/ba-mitte/aktuell/presse/archiv/20090206.1305.119894.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Young Germans, EU-Europeans and Israelis have also settled in the city.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Hummus in the Prenzlauer Berg|journal=The Jewish Week|date=12 December 2014|url=https://www.thejewishweek.com/special-sections/jewish-journeys/hummus-prenzlauer-berg|access-date=29 December 2014|archive-date=30 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230010937/https://www.thejewishweek.com/special-sections/jewish-journeys/hummus-prenzlauer-berg|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2019 there were 777,345 registered residents of foreign nationality and another 542,975 German citizens with a "migration background" ''(Migrationshintergrund, MH)'',<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2"/> meaning they or one of their parents immigrated to Germany after 1955. Foreign residents of Berlin originate from about 190 countries.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=28 April 2019|title=457 000 Ausländer aus 190 Staaten in Berlin gemeldet|trans-title=457,000 Foreigners from 190 Countries Registered in Berlin|url=https://www.morgenpost.de/printarchiv/berlin/article104791484/457-000-Auslaender-aus-190-Staaten-in-Berlin-gemeldet.html|date=5 February 2011|website=[[Berliner Morgenpost]]|language=de|archive-date=28 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428201553/https://www.morgenpost.de/printarchiv/berlin/article104791484/457-000-Auslaender-aus-190-Staaten-in-Berlin-gemeldet.html|url-status=live}}</ref> 48 percent of the residents under the age of 15 have a migration background in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rbb-online.de/politik/beitrag/2017/05/migrationshintergrund-berlin-jeder-dritte.html|title=Fast jeder Dritte in Berlin hat einen Migrationshintergrund|website=www.rbb-online.de}}{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Berlin in 2009 was estimated to have 100,000 to 250,000 unregistered inhabitants.<ref>{{cite news |author=Von Andrea Dernbach |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/deutschland/berlin-will-illegalen-einwanderern-helfen/1452916.html |title=Migration: Berlin will illegalen Einwanderern helfen – Deutschland – Politik – Tagesspiegel |newspaper=Der Tagesspiegel Online |publisher=Tagesspiegel.de |date=23 February 2009 |access-date=15 September 2011 |archive-date=18 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218131251/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/migration-berlin-will-illegalen-einwanderern-helfen/1452916.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Boroughs of Berlin with a significant number of migrants or foreign born population are [[Mitte]], [[Neukölln]] and [[Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg]].<ref>{{cite news |date=8 September 2016 |newspaper=Junge Freiheit |url=https://jungefreiheit.de/politik/deutschland/2016/zahl-der-auslaender-in-berlin-steigt-auf-rekordhoch/ |title=Zahl der Ausländer in Berlin steigt auf Rekordhoch |language=de |access-date=13 June 2017 |archive-date=4 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804053354/https://jungefreiheit.de/politik/deutschland/2016/zahl-der-auslaender-in-berlin-steigt-auf-rekordhoch/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The number of Arabic speakers in Berlin could be higher than 150,000. There are at least 40,000 Berliners with Syrian citizenship, third only behind Turkish and Polish citizens. The [[2015 European migrant crisis|2015 refugee crisis]] made Berlin Europe's capital of Arab culture.<ref>{{cite web |title=Berlin: Inside Europe's capital of Arab culture |url=https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/berlin-germany-europe-capital-arab-culture |website=Middle East Eye |access-date=23 August 2023 |archive-date=27 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027161825/https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/berlin-germany-europe-capital-arab-culture |url-status=live }}</ref> Berlin is among the cities in Germany that have received the biggest amount of refugees after the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]. As of November 2022, an estimated 85,000 Ukrainian refugees were registered in Berlin,<ref>{{cite news |title=Berlin to create 10,000 extra beds for Ukrainian refugees – DW – 11/20/2022 |url=https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-to-create-10000-more-beds-for-ukrainian-refugees/a-63811862 |work=dw.com |language=en |access-date=23 August 2023 |archive-date=23 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823063024/https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-to-create-10000-more-beds-for-ukrainian-refugees/a-63811862 |url-status=live }}</ref> making Berlin the most popular destination of Ukrainian refugees in Germany.<ref>{{cite web |title=Survey of Ukrainian War Refugees |url=https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/kurzmeldungen/EN/2022/04/survey-ukraine.html |website=Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community |language=en |access-date=23 August 2023 |archive-date=23 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823064914/https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/kurzmeldungen/EN/2022/04/survey-ukraine.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Berlin has a vibrant [[expatriate]] community involving precarious immigrants, illegal immigrants, seasonal workers, and refugees. Therefore, Berlin sustains a broad variety of English-based speakers. Speaking a particular type of English does attract prestige and [[cultural capital]] in Berlin.<ref>{{Cite book | title= English in the German-Speaking World| date= 5 December 2019| isbn= 9781108488099| editor1= Raymond Hickey |publisher= Cambridge University Press | page= 150}}</ref>

===Languages===
{{Main|German language|Berlinerisch dialect}}
German is the official and predominant spoken language in Berlin. It is a [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic language]] that derives most of its vocabulary from the Germanic branch of the [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] language family. German is one of 24 languages of the European Union,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/languages/policy/linguistic-diversity/official-languages-eu_en.htm |title=Official Languages |author=European Commission |access-date=29 July 2014 |archive-date=26 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140926004848/https://ec.europa.eu/languages/policy/linguistic-diversity/official-languages-eu_en.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and one of the three [[working language]]s of the [[European Commission]].

Berlinerisch or Berlinisch is not a dialect linguistically. It is spoken in Berlin and the [[Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region|surrounding metropolitan area]]. It originates from a [[Brandenburgisch dialect|Brandenburgish]] variant. The dialect is now seen more like a [[sociolect]], largely through increased immigration and trends among the educated population to speak [[standard German]] in everyday life.

The most commonly spoken foreign languages in Berlin are Turkish, Polish, English, Persian, Arabic, Italian, Bulgarian, Russian, Romanian, Kurdish, Serbo-Croatian, French, Spanish and Vietnamese. Turkish, Arabic, Kurdish, and Serbo-Croatian are heard more often in the western part due to the large Middle Eastern and former-Yugoslavian communities. Polish, English, Russian, and Vietnamese have more native speakers in East Berlin.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2010 |title=how many- languages are spoken in berlin |url=https://berlinbnb.co/2023/12/15/how-many-languages-are-spoken-in-berlin-2/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522160634/https://www.morgenpost.de/printarchiv/wirtschaft/article1309952/Zwei-Millionen-Berliner-sprechen-mindestens-zwei-Sprachen.html |archive-date=22 May 2011 |access-date=2 June 2011 |publisher=Morgenpost.de}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{Main|Religion in Berlin}}

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Berlin (2022)<ref name=stats2022>[https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/publikationen/stat_berichte/2021/SB_A01-05-00_2022h02_BE.pdf ''Statistischer Bericht Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner im Land Berlin am 31 Dezember 2022''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223190613/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/publikationen/stat_berichte/2023/SB_A01-05-00_2018h02_BE.pdf |date=23 February 2023 }} (PDF). Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg. Retrieved 22 February 2023.</ref>
|label1 = Not religious/other
|value1 = 72
|color1 = Honeydew
|label2 = [[Protestant Church in Germany|EKD Protestants]]
|value2 = 15
|color2 = DodgerBlue
|label3 = [[Catholics]]
|value3 = 9
|color3 = DarkOrchid
|label4 = [[Islam]]
|value4 = 4
|color4 = Green
|label5 = Jewish
|value5 = 1
|color5 = Black
|label6 = Other
|value6 = 0.5
|color6 = Red
}}

{{multiple image
| align = right
| perrow = 2
| total_width = 400
| width1 = 500 |width2=500 |width3=500 |width4=500
| height1=350 |height2=350 |height3=350 |height4=350
| image1 = Berliner Dom - panoramio (20).jpg
| image2 = NeueSynagogue.JPG
| image3 = 2020-04-16 P4160889 St.Hedwigs-Kathedrale, Bebelplatz.jpg

| image4 = Şehitlik mosque Berlin by ZUFAr.jpg
| footer = Clockwise from top left: [[Berlin Cathedral]], [[New Synagogue (Berlin)|New Synagogue]], [[Şehitlik Mosque]], and [[St. Hedwig's Cathedral]]
}}
On the report of the 2011 census, approximately 37 percent of the population reported being members of a legally-recognized church or religious organization. The rest either did not belong to such an organization, or there was no information available about them.<ref name="Census 2011">{{cite web|title=Zensus 2011 – Bevölkerung und Haushalte – Bundesland Berlin|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/zensus/gdb/bev/be/11_Berlin_bev.pdf|website=[[Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg]]|pages=6–7|access-date=23 February 2019|language=de|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193809/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/zensus/gdb/bev/be/11_Berlin_bev.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The largest religious denomination recorded in 2010 was the [[Protestant]] [[Landeskirche|regional church body]]—the [[Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia|Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia (EKBO)]]—a [[united church]]. EKBO is a member of the [[Protestant Church in Germany|Protestant Church in Germany (EKD)]] and of the [[Union of Protestant Churches in the EKD|Union of Protestant Churches in the EKD (UEK)]]. According to the EKBO, their membership accounted for 18.7 percent of the local population, while the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]] had 9.1 percent of residents registered as its members.<ref name="kirchenmitglieder2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.ekd.de/ekd_de/ds_doc/Ber_Kirchenmitglieder_2010.pdf |title=Kirchenmitgliederzahlen am 31.12.2010 |trans-title=Church membership on 31 December 2010 |date=November 2011 |publisher=[[Protestant Church in Germany]] |access-date=10 March 2012 |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209204513/https://www.ekd.de/ekd_de/ds_doc/Ber_Kirchenmitglieder_2010.pdf |archive-date=9 February 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> About 2.7% of the population identify with other Christian denominations (mostly [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]], but also various Protestants).<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin–Brandenburg-2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/Produkte/kleinestatistik/kBEst_2010.pdf |title=Die kleine Berlin–Statistik 2010 |trans-title=The small Berlin statistic 2010 |publisher=[[List of statistical offices in Germany|Amt für Statistik Berlin–Brandenburg]] |date=December 2010 |access-date=4 January 2011 |language=de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719085946/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/Produkte/kleinestatistik/kBEst_2010.pdf |archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref> According to the Berlin residents register, in 2018 14.9 percent were members of the Evangelical Church, and 8.5 percent were members of the Catholic Church.<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2"/> The government keeps a register of members of these churches for tax purposes, because it collects [[Church tax#Germany|church tax]] on behalf of the churches. It does not keep records of members of other religious organizations which may collect their own church tax, in this way.

In 2009, approximately 249,000 [[Muslim]]s were reported by the [[Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg|Office of Statistics]] to be members of mosques and Islamic religious organizations in Berlin,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/produkte/jahrbuch/jb2010/JB_201004_BE.pdf |title=Statistisches Jahrbuch für Berlin 2010 |trans-title=Statistical yearbook for Berlin 2010 |publisher=[[List of statistical offices in Germany|Amt für Statistik Berlin–Brandenburg]] |language=de |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-date=20 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120202750/https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/produkte/jahrbuch/jb2010/JB_201004_BE.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> while in 2016, the newspaper ''[[Der Tagesspiegel]]'' estimated that about 350,000 Muslims observed [[Ramadan]] in Berlin.<ref>{{cite news|access-date=23 February 2019|title=Ramadan in Flüchtlingsheimen und Schulen in Berlin|url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/muslime-im-fastenmonat-ramadan-in-fluechtlingsheimen-und-schulen-in-berlin/13696160.html|website=[[Der Tagesspiegel]]|date=6 June 2016|last1=Berger|first1=Melanie|archive-date=12 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212013247/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/muslime-im-fastenmonat-ramadan-in-fluechtlingsheimen-und-schulen-in-berlin/13696160.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, about 437,000 registered residents, 11.6% of the total, reported having a migration background from one of the [[Member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation]].<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg-2"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/muslime-im-fastenmonat-ramadan-in-fluechtlingsheimen-und-schulen-in-berlin/13696160.html |title=Ramadan in Flüchtlingsheimen und Schulen in Berlin |trans-title=Ramadan in refugee camps and schools in Berlin |work=[[Der Tagesspiegel]] |date=6 June 2016 |access-date=13 June 2017 |language=de |last1=Berger |first1=Melanie |archive-date=12 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712125538/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/muslime-im-fastenmonat-ramadan-in-fluechtlingsheimen-und-schulen-in-berlin/13696160.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Between 1992 and 2011 the Muslim population almost doubled.<ref>{{cite news |last=Schupelius |first=Gunnar |date=28 May 2015 |title=Wird der Islam künftig die stärkste Religion in Berlin sein? |url=https://www.bz-berlin.de/berlin/kolumne/wird-der-islam-kuenftig-die-staerkste-religion-in-berlin-sein |work=[[Berliner Zeitung]] |access-date=13 June 2017 |archive-date=3 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603092248/https://www.bz-berlin.de/berlin/kolumne/wird-der-islam-kuenftig-die-staerkste-religion-in-berlin-sein |url-status=live }}</ref>

About 0.9% of Berliners belong to other religions. Of the estimated population of 30,000–45,000 Jewish residents,<ref name="The Boston Globe 2014-11-01">{{cite web |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/11/01/germany-jewish-community-now-thrives/fcPnmnfpbLQ0hM1A6zDyNN/story.html |title=In Germany, a Jewish community now thrives |first=Mike |last=Ross |date=1 November 2014 |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |access-date=19 August 2016 |archive-date=22 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222235631/https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/11/01/germany-jewish-community-now-thrives/fcPnmnfpbLQ0hM1A6zDyNN/story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> approximately 12,000 are registered members of religious organizations.<ref name="Amt für Statistik Berlin–Brandenburg-2010"/>

Berlin is the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Berlin|Roman Catholic archbishop of Berlin]] and [[Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia|EKBO]]'s elected chairperson is titled the bishop of EKBO. Furthermore, Berlin is the seat of many Orthodox cathedrals, such as the Cathedral of St. Boris the Baptist, one of the two seats of the [[Bulgarian Orthodox Church|Bulgarian Orthodox]] Diocese of Western and Central Europe, and the Resurrection of Christ Cathedral of the Diocese of Berlin (Patriarchate of Moscow).

The faithful of the different religions and denominations maintain many [[List of places of worship in Berlin|places of worship in Berlin]]. The [[Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church]] has eight parishes of different sizes in Berlin.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.selk-berlin.de/ |title=Lutheran Diocese Berlin-Brandenburg |publisher=Selbständige Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche |access-date=19 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328152944/https://www.selk-berlin.de/ |archive-date=28 March 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> There are 36 [[Baptist]] congregations (within [[Union of Evangelical Free Church Congregations in Germany]]), 29 [[New Apostolic Church]]es, 15 [[United Methodist]] churches, eight Free Evangelical Congregations, four [[Church of Christ, Scientist|Churches of Christ, Scientist]] (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 11th), six congregations of [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], an [[Old Catholic]] church, and an [[Anglican]] church in Berlin. Berlin has more than 80 mosques,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/berlins-mosques/g-17572423 |title=Berlin's mosques |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |access-date=11 November 2018 |archive-date=11 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111093250/https://www.dw.com/en/berlins-mosques/g-17572423 |url-status=live }}</ref> ten synagogues,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/berlins-juedische-gotteshaeuser-vor-der-pogromnacht-1938-untergang-einer-religioesen-vielfalt/9052966.html |title=Berlins jüdische Gotteshäuser vor der Pogromnacht 1938: Untergang einer religiösen Vielfalt |trans-title=Berlin's jewish places of worship before the Pogromnacht 1938: Decline of a religious diversity |date=10 November 2013 |access-date=11 November 2018 |work=[[Der Tagesspiegel]] |language=de |quote=Von den weit mehr als 100 jüdischen Gotteshäusern sind gerade einmal zehn übrig geblieben. (in english: Of the far more than 100 synagogues, only ten are left.) |last1=Keller |first1=Claudia |archive-date=11 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111093246/https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/berlins-juedische-gotteshaeuser-vor-der-pogromnacht-1938-untergang-einer-religioesen-vielfalt/9052966.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and two [[Buddhist]] as well as two [[Hinduism|Hindu]] temples.