Anti-Defamation League

=== New antisemitism concept ===
{{main|New antisemitism}}

In 1974, ADL attorney [[Arnold Forster (ADL)|Arnold Forster]] and national director [[Benjamin Epstein]] published the book ''The New Anti-Semitism''. They expressed concern about what they described as new manifestations of antisemitism coming from radical left, radical right, and pro-Arab figures in the US.<ref>Forster, Arnold & Epstein, Benjamin, ''The New Anti-Semitism''. McGraw-Hill 1974, p.165. See for instance chapters entitled "[[Gerald L. K. Smith|Gerald Smith]]'s Road" (19–48), "The Radical Right" (285–296), "Arabs and Pro-Arabs" (155–174), "The Radical Left" (125–154)</ref> Forster and Epstein argued that radical left antisemitism took the form of indifference to the fears of the Jewish people, apathy in dealing with anti-Jewish bias, and an inability to understand the importance of Israel to Jewish survival.<ref name="ForsterEpstein324">Forster, Arnold & Epstein, Benjamin, ''The New Anti-Semitism''. McGraw-Hill 1974, p. 324.</ref> A subsequent book, ''The Real Anti-Semitism in America'', published in 1982, was written by ADL national leader Nathan Perlmutter and his wife, Ruth Ann Perlmutter.<ref name="JTAobit" />

Reviewing Forster and Epstein's work in 1974 for the [[neoconservative]] magazine ''[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]'', Earl Raab, founding director of the Nathan Perlmutter Institute for Jewish Advocacy at [[Brandeis University]], agreed that a "new anti-Semitism" was indeed emerging in America in the form of opposition to the supposed collective rights of the Jewish people, but Raab criticized Forster and Epstein for "stretch[ing] the word in practice to mean anti-Israel bias in general".<ref name="raab11">{{cite magazine |last=Raab |first=Earl |date=May 1974 |title=Is there a New Anti-Semitism? |url=https://www.commentary.org/articles/earl-raab-2/is-there-a-new-anti-semitism/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Commentary magazine]] |pages=53–54 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201144943/https://www.commentary.org/articles/earl-raab-2/is-there-a-new-anti-semitism/ |archive-date=December 1, 2021}}</ref> Allan Brownfeld, a columnist with ''The Lincoln Review'', wrote in the ''[[Journal of Palestine Studies]]'' 1987 that Forster and Epstein's new definition of antisemitism trivialized the concept by turning it into "a form of political blackmail" and "a weapon with which to silence any criticism of either Israel or US policy in the Middle East,"<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brownfeld |first=Allan |year=1987 |title=Anti-Semitism: Its Changing Meaning |journal=[[Journal of Palestine Studies]] |publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]] |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=53–67 |doi=10.2307/2536789 |issn=1533-8614 |jstor=2536789}}</ref> while [[Edward S. Shapiro]], in ''A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II'', has written that, "Forster and Epstein implied that the new antisemitism was the inability of Gentiles to love Jews and Israel enough."<ref>{{cite book |last=Shapiro |first=Edward S. |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780801843471/page/47 |title=A Time for Healing: American Jewry Since World War II |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=1992 |isbn=0-8018-4347-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780801843471/page/47 47] |author-link=Edward S. Shapiro}}</ref>

In 2005, [[Norman Finkelstein]] wrote that organizations such as the Anti-Defamation League have brought forward charges of new antisemitism at various intervals since the 1970s, "not to fight antisemitism, but rather to exploit the historical suffering of Jews in order to immunize Israel against criticism."<ref name="Finkelstein21">{{cite book |last=Finkelstein |first=Norman |title=Beyond Chutzpah: On the Misuse of Anti-Semitism and the Abuse of History |title-link=Beyond Chutzpah |publisher=University of California Press |year=2005 |pages=21–22 |author-link=Norman Finkelstein}}</ref> ''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported in 2006 that the ADL had over the years repeatedly accused Finkelstein of being a "[[Holocaust denial|Holocaust denier]]", and that "these charges have proved baseless."<ref name="WP sparks">{{cite news |last=Powell |first=Michael |date=October 9, 2006 |title=In N.Y., Sparks Fly Over Israel Criticism |pages=A03 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/08/AR2006100800817.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821144329/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/08/AR2006100800817.html |archive-date=August 21, 2017}}.</ref><ref>The terms the ADL website uses to describe Finkelstein are "an anti-Israel academic whose career has been marked by a vitriolic hatred of Zionism and Israel" ({{cite web |title=You are being redirected... |url=https://chicago.adl.org/former-depaul-professor-norman-finkelstein-to-speak-at-kinderusa-fundraiser/ |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=You are being redirected... |ref={{sfnref | You are being redirected...}}}}), "anti-Israel academic" ({{cite web |date=17 November 2022 |title=Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP): What You Need to Know |url=https://www.adl.org/resources/blog/jewish-voice-peace-jvp-what-you-need-know |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=ADL |ref={{sfnref | ADL | 2022}}}}, {{cite web |date=20 May 2020 |title=Antisemitism and the Radical Anti-Israel Movement on U.S. Campuses, 2019 |url=https://www.adl.org/resources/report/antisemitism-and-radical-anti-israel-movement-us-campuses-2019 |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=ADL |ref={{sfnref | ADL | 2020}}}}), "political scientist" ({{cite web |date=27 February 2020 |title=Antisemitism Uncovered: Myth – Jews Use Christian Blood for Religious Rituals |url=https://antisemitism.adl.org/blood/ |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=Antisemitism Uncovered |language=es |ref={{sfnref | Antisemitism Uncovered | 2020}}}}), "an anti-Israel speaker" ({{cite web |date=22 January 2014 |title=Ron Unz: Controversial Writer and Funder of Anti-israel Activists |url=https://www.adl.org/resources/news/ron-unz-controversial-writer-and-funder-anti-israel-activists |access-date=9 July 2023 |website=ADL |ref={{sfnref | ADL | 2014}}}})</ref>