Vancouver

===Architecture===
{{Main|Architecture of Vancouver}}
{{Anchor|Culture}}
[[File:Robson Square Vancouver 03.JPG|thumb|left|[[Robson Square]] is a [[civic centre]] and public square designed by local architect [[Arthur Erickson]].]]
[[File:Waterfront station Vancouver (42914420220).jpg|thumb|left|Waterfront station, Vancouver]]
The [[Vancouver Art Gallery]] is housed downtown in the [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]] former courthouse built in 1906. The courthouse building was designed by [[Francis Rattenbury]], who also designed the [[British Columbia Parliament Buildings]] and the [[The Empress (hotel)|Empress Hotel]] in Victoria, and the lavishly decorated second Hotel Vancouver.<ref>{{cite web |last=Davis |first=Chuck |title=Rattenbury |url=http://www.vancouverhistory.ca/archives_rattenbury.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103045039/http://www.vancouverhistory.ca/archives_rattenbury.htm |archive-date=January 3, 2007 |access-date=November 23, 2006 |work=The History of Metropolitan Vancouver}}</ref> The 556-room [[Hotel Vancouver]], opened in 1939 and the third by that name, is across the street with its copper roof. The Gothic-style [[Christ Church Cathedral (Vancouver)|Christ Church Cathedral]], across from the hotel, opened in 1894 and was declared a heritage building in 1976.

There are several [[modern architecture|modern]] buildings in the downtown area, including the [[Harbour Centre]], the [[Law Courts (Vancouver)|Vancouver Law Courts]] and surrounding plaza known as [[Robson Square]] (designed by [[Arthur Erickson]]) and the [[Vancouver Public Library|Vancouver Library Square]] (designed by [[Moshe Safdie]] and [[DA Architects + Planners|DA Architects]]), reminiscent of the [[Colosseum]] in Rome, and the recently completed [[Woodward's Building|Woodward's building]] Redevelopment (designed by [[Gregory Henriquez|Henriquez Partners Architects]]).

The original [[BC Hydro]] headquarters building (designed by [[Ronald Thom|Ron Thom]] and Ned Pratt) at Nelson and Burrard Streets is a [[modernism|modernist]] high-rise, now converted into the Electra condominium.<ref>[http://vancouver.ca/commsvcs/planning/heritage/casestudies/970Burr.htm The Electra], at vancouver.ca {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050123162421/http://vancouver.ca/commsvcs/planning/heritage/casestudies/970Burr.htm |date=January 23, 2005}}</ref> Also notable is the "concrete waffle" of the [[MacMillan Bloedel]] building on the north-east corner of the Georgia and Thurlow intersection.

[[File:Living Shangri-La from One Wall Centre.jpg|thumb|upright|Completed in 2008, [[Living Shangri-La]] is the [[List of tallest buildings in Vancouver|tallest building in Vancouver]].]]
A prominent addition to the city's landscape is the giant tent-frame [[Canada Place]] (designed by [[Zeidler Partnership Architects|Zeidler Roberts Partnership]] Partnership, MCMP & [[DA Architects + Planners|DA Architects]]), the former Canada Pavilion from the [[Expo 86|1986 World Exposition]], which includes part of the [[Vancouver Convention Centre|Convention Centre]], the [[Pan Pacific Vancouver Hotel|Pan-Pacific Hotel]], and a cruise ship terminal. Two modern buildings that define the southern skyline away from the downtown area are [[Vancouver City Hall|City Hall]] and the Centennial Pavilion of [[Vancouver General Hospital]], both designed by [[Fred Townley|Townley]] and Matheson in 1936 and 1958, respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://memorybc.ca/townley-matheson-and-partners;isaar |title=Townley, Matheson and Partners |publisher=Archives Association of British Columbia |year=2009 |access-date=November 30, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728104509/http://memorybc.ca/townley-matheson-and-partners%3Bisaar |archive-date=July 28, 2011}}</ref><ref name="kalman">{{cite book |last=Kalman |first=Harold |title=Exploring Vancouver: Ten Tours of the City and its Buildings |publisher=[[University of British Columbia Press]] |year=1974 |isbn=978-0-7748-0028-0 |location=Vancouver}}</ref>{{Citation page|pages=160-161}}

A collection of [[Edwardian architecture|Edwardian buildings]] in the city's old downtown core were, in their day, the tallest commercial buildings in the [[British Empire]]. These were, in succession, the Carter-Cotton Building (former home of ''[[The Province]]'' newspaper), the [[Dominion Building]] (1907) and the [[Sun Tower]] (1911), the former two at Cambie and [[Hastings Street (Vancouver)|Hastings Streets]] and the latter at Beatty and Pender Streets.
The Sun Tower's [[cupola]] was finally exceeded as the Empire's tallest commercial building by the elaborate [[Art Deco]] [[Marine Building]] in the 1920s.<ref name="kalman" />{{Citation page|pages=22, 24, 78}} The Marine Building is known for its elaborate ceramic tile facings and brass-gilt doors and elevators, which make it a favourite location for movie shoots.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archiseek.com/2009/1930-marine-building-vancouver-british-columbia/ |title=Marine Building |work=Archiseek |access-date=November 23, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429045540/http://archiseek.com/2009/1930-marine-building-vancouver-british-columbia/ |archive-date=April 29, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> Topping the [[list of tallest buildings in Vancouver]] is [[Living Shangri-La]], the tallest building in BC at {{cvt|201|m}}<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=176375 |title=Living Shangri-La |publisher=[[Emporis Buildings]] |access-date=November 30, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224224609/http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=176375 |archive-date=December 24, 2010}}</ref> and 62&nbsp;storeys. The second-tallest building in Vancouver is the [[Paradox Hotel Vancouver]] at {{cvt|188|m}}, followed by the Private Residences at [[Hotel Georgia]], at {{cvt|156|m}}. The fourth-tallest is [[One Wall Centre]] at {{cvt|150|m}}<ref name="EMP">{{cite web |url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=100997&bt=2&ht=3&sro=1 |title=Vancouver High-rise buildings (in ft) |publisher=Emporis Buildings |access-date=February 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930012745/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=100997&bt=2&ht=3&sro=1 |archive-date=September 30, 2007}}</ref> and 48&nbsp;storeys, followed closely by the [[Shaw Tower (Vancouver)|Shaw Tower]] at {{cvt|149|m}}.<ref name="EMP" />{{clear}}