Oklahoma

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Oklahoma}}
[[File:Oklahoma population map.png|thumb|upright=1.75|Oklahoma population density map]]
{{US Census population
| 1890 = 258657
| 1900 = 790391
| 1910 = 1657155
| 1920 = 2028283
| 1930 = 2396040
| 1940 = 2336433
| 1950 = 2233513
| 1960 = 2328284
| 1970 = 2559229
| 1980 = 3025290
| 1990 = 3145585
| 2000 = 3450654
| 2010 = 3751675
| 2020 = 3959353
| estimate = 4053824
| estyear = 2023
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020) |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=May 1, 2022 |archive-date=April 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html }}</ref>
}}From a [[1920 United States census|1920 U.S. census]] population of 2,028,283, Oklahoma's population has continued to increase. At the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]], its population was 3,751,675. The [[2020 United States Census|2020 Census]] revealed its population to be was 3,959,353, an 5.5% increase since 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2020/dec/2020-apportionment-data.html |title=2020 Census Apportionment Results |date=April 26, 2021 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] }}</ref> A 2022 [[American Community Survey]] estimate found that the population had surpassed 4 million residents for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oklahoma eclipses 4 million residents, latest U.S. Census Bureau data shows |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/local/2023/01/06/oklahoma-population-2023-passes-4m-mark-mirroring-oklahoma-city-growth/69782081007/ |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=The Oklahoman |language=en-US}}</ref> Among the states of the [[South Central United States|South Central]] region, Oklahoma had the second-largest population increase from 2010 to 2020, behind [[Texas]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Texas Added Almost 4 Million People in Last Decade |url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/state-by-state/texas-population-change-between-census-decade.html |access-date=2023-01-24 |website=Census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oklahoma Population Up 5.5% Last Decade |url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/state-by-state/oklahoma-population-change-between-census-decade.html |access-date=2023-01-24 |website=Census.gov}}</ref>

Of the state's total resident population, approximately 236,882 were [[Immigrants (United States)|immigrants]] according to a study in 2018, making up 6% of the state's population at the time. Most of its immigrant population came from Mexico (45%), Vietnam (5%), India (5%), Germany (3%), and Guatemala (3%). In the state, 246,550 residents were native-born Americans who had at least one immigrant parent. An estimated 85,000 immigrants were undocumented with 125,989 Oklahomans having lived with at least one undocumented family member between 2010 and 2014. Immigrants to Oklahoma have contributed more than a billion U.S. dollars in taxes in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-05-01 |title=Immigrants in Oklahoma |url=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/immigrants-in-oklahoma |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=American Immigration Council |language=en}}</ref> In 2011, the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey data from 2005 to 2009 indicated about 5% of Oklahoma's residents were born outside the United States. This was lower than the national figure (about 12.5% of U.S. residents were foreign-born).<ref>Paul Monies, [http://newsok.com/article/3530618 Oklahoma's foreign-born population continues to grow in most counties], ''The Oklahoman'' (January 9, 2011).</ref>

In 2010, the [[center of population]] of Oklahoma was in [[Lincoln County, Oklahoma|Lincoln County]] near the town of [[Sparks, Oklahoma|Sparks]].<ref>{{cite web|title=2010 Census Centers of Population by State |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |year=2010 |url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/reference/cenpop2010/CenPop2010_Mean_ST.txt |access-date=September 17, 2011}}</ref>

According to [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development|HUD]]'s 2022 [[Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress|Annual Homeless Assessment Report]], there were an estimated 3,754 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Oklahoma.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2007-2022 PIT Counts by State |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fxls%2F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress |url=https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf}}</ref>

===Race and ethnicity===
[[File:Oklahoma counties by race.svg|thumb|Map of counties in Oklahoma by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census{{Collapsible list
| title = Legend|{{col-begin}}{{col-3}}

'''Non-Hispanic White'''

{{legend|#cc4125|50–60%}}

{{legend|#a61c00|60–70%}}

{{legend|#85200c|70–80%}}

{{legend|#5b0f00|80–90%}}

{{col-3}}

'''Native American'''

{{legend|#b6d7a8|40–50%}}

{{legend|#93c47d|50–60%}}

{{col-3}}

'''Hispanic or Latino'''

{{legend|#76a5af|50–60%}}

{{col-end}}
}}]]
As with majority of the U.S., Oklahoma has experienced diversification since the beginning of the 21st century;<ref>{{Cite web |title=New census data show's the nation is diversifying even faster than predicted |url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/new-census-data-shows-the-nation-is-diversifying-even-faster-than-predicted/ |website=Brookings Institution|date=July 2020 }}</ref> in 1940, 90.1% of the state's population was [[non-Hispanic White]]; in 2020, 75.5% of the population was White, down from 1990's 81% yet up from 2010's 72.2%. Among its population at the 2020 census, the remainder of its increasingly diverse population was 11.9% [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] of any race, 16% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian and Alaska Native]], 9.7% [[African Americans|Black or African American]], 3.1% [[Asian Americans|Asian]], 0.4% [[Native Hawaiians|Native Hawaiian]] and [[Pacific Islander Americans|other Pacific Islander]], and 9% some other race.<ref name="2020OKCensus" /> According to the 2010 census, 8.6% were American Indian and Alaska Native, 7.4% Black or African American, 1.7%  Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, 4.1% from some other race and 5.9% of two or more races; 8.9% of Oklahoma's population were of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race).<ref name="2020OKCensus" />

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|+ Historical racial demographics
|-
! Racial composition !!1940<ref name="census" />  !! 1970<ref name="census" />  !! 1990<ref name="census">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-date=July 25, 2008 |title=Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=April 23, 2014 }}</ref> !! 2010<ref name="Census2010">{{cite web |title=2010 Census: Oklahoma Profile |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10_thematic/2010_Profile/2010_Profile_Map_Oklahoma.pdf |website=census.gov |publisher=US Census Bureau |access-date=June 28, 2021}}</ref>
|-
| [[White Americans|White]] || 90.1% || 89.1% || 81% || 72.2% 
|-
| [[Hispanic Americans|Hispanic]] || – || – || 2.7% || 8.9% 
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native]] || 2.7% || 3.8% || 8% || 8.6% 
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]] || 7.2% || 6.7%|| 7.4% || 7.4% 
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]] (Included<br />[[Pacific Islands Americans|Pacific Islanders]] before 1990) || - || 0.1% || 1.1% || 1.7%  
|-
| [[Native Hawaiian]] and<br />[[Pacific Islands Americans|other Pacific Islander]] || – || – || – || 0.1% 
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Other race]] || – || 0.2% || 1.3% || 4.1% 
|-
| [[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races]]  || – || – || – || 5.9% 
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|+ Oklahoma racial composition by ethnicity, including in combination
|-
! Racial composition !!2010<ref name="2020OKCensus">{{cite web |title=Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html |website=census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 15, 2021}}</ref> !!2020<ref name="2020OKCensus" />
|-
| [[White Americans|White]] || 77.5% || 75.5%
|-
| [[Hispanic Americans|Hispanic]] || 8.9% || 11.9% 
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native]] || 12.9% || 16% 
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]] || 8.7% ||9.7%
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]] || 2.2% || 3.1% 
|-
| [[Native Hawaiian]] and<br />[[Pacific Islands Americans|other Pacific Islander]] || 0.2% || 0.4%
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Other race]] || 4.7% || 9% 
|}
[[File:Oklahoma Tribal Areas.svg|thumb|[[Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area]]s (teal)]]In 2005, Oklahoma's estimated ancestral makeup was 14.5% German, 13.1% [[Southern United States#European colonization|American]], 11.8% [[Irish American|Irish]], 9.6% [[English American|English]], 8.1% [[African Americans|African American]], and 11.4% Native American (including 7.9% Cherokee),<ref name="demo">{{cite web | year=2002 | url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2002pubs/c2kbr01-15.pdf | title= The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2000| publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=August 5, 2007}}</ref> though the percentage of people claiming American Indian as their only race was 8.1%.<ref name="Oklahoma QuickFacts">{{cite web|date=January 12, 2006 |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40000.html |title=Oklahoma QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau |website=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=July 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514235102/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40000.html |archive-date=May 14, 2008 }}</ref> Most people from Oklahoma who self-identify as having [[American ancestry]] are of overwhelmingly [[English American|English]] and [[Scots-Irish Americans|Scots-Irish]] ancestry with significant amounts of [[Scottish American|Scottish]], [[Welsh American|Welsh]] and [[Irish American|Irish]] ancestry as well.<ref>[[David Hackett Fischer]], ''[[Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America]]'', New York: Oxford University Press, 1989, pp.602–645</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Dominic Pulera|title=Sharing the Dream: White Males in Multicultural America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57|year=2004|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-8264-1643-8|page=57}}</ref> The majority of Hispanics in Oklahoma are of [[Mexican Americans|Mexican]] origin.<ref>[https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=HI014 Hispanics | The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture]</ref> There are 38 federally recognized Native American tribes in the state.<ref>[https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndok/indian-country Northern District of Oklahoma | Indian Country]</ref>

In 2011, 47.3% of Oklahoma's population younger than age{{nbsp}}1 were minorities, meaning they had at least one parent who was not non-Hispanic white.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html|title=Americans under age{{nbsp}}1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot|last=Exner|first=Rich|date=June 3, 2012|work=[[The Plain Dealer]]}}</ref>

===Language===
{{Infobox language
| name             = Oklahoman English
| region           = Oklahoma
| ethnicity        = [[Okie]]s
| speakers         = 
| date             = 
| ref              = 
| speakers2        = 
| familycolor      = Indo-European
| fam2             = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]]
| fam3             = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]]
| fam4             = [[North Sea Germanic|Ingvaeonic]]
| fam5             = [[Anglo-Frisian languages|Anglo–Frisian]]
| fam6             = [[Anglic languages|Anglic]]
| fam7             = [[English language|English]]
| fam8             = [[North American English]]
| fam9             = [[American English]]
| fam10            = [[Southern American English]]
| fam11            = American Inland South English
| ancestor         = [[Old English]]
| ancestor2        = [[Middle English]]
| ancestor3        = [[Early Modern English]]
| script           = [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[English alphabet]])<br />[[American Braille]]
| isoexception     = dialect
| glotto           = ozar1236
| ietf             = 
| notice           = 
}}

[[File:Cherokeestompdance.ogg|thumb|right|Recording of a [[Cherokee language]] stomp dance ceremony in Oklahoma]]
[[File:Cherokee stop sign.png|thumb|right|upright=0.7|Located in [[Tahlequah]], this [[stop sign]] includes [[Cherokee language|Cherokee]] lettering. ]]

====English====
The English language has been official in the state of Oklahoma since 2010.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://newsok.com/oklahoma-votes-to-make-english-official-language/article/3510663|title=Oklahoma votes to make English official language|publisher=News OK|date=November 2, 2010|access-date=May 17, 2014}}</ref> The variety of [[North American English]] spoken is called Oklahoma English, and this dialect is quite diverse with its uneven blending of features of North Midland, South Midland, and [[Southern American English|Southern]] dialects.<ref name="Languages">{{cite web|url=http://www.city-data.com/states/Oklahoma-Languages.html|title=Oklahoma-Languages|publisher=City-data.com|date=2000|access-date=May 17, 2014}}</ref> In 2000, 2,977,187 Oklahomans—92.6% of the resident population, five years or older—spoke only English at home, a decrease from 95% in 1990.<ref name="Languages" /> 238,732 Oklahoma residents reported speaking a language other than English at home in the 2000 census, about 7.4% of the state's population.<ref name="Languages" />

====Native American languages====

The two most commonly spoken native North American languages are [[Cherokee language|Cherokee]] and [[Choctaw language|Choctaw]], with 10,000 Cherokee speakers living within the [[Cherokee Nation]] tribal jurisdiction area of eastern Oklahoma and another 10,000 Choctaw speakers living in the [[Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma|Choctaw Nation]] directly south of the Cherokees.<ref name="Cherokee">{{cite web|title=Cherokee|website=Ethnologue|access-date=April 11, 2014|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/chr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150730231052/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/chr|archive-date=July 30, 2015}}</ref> Cherokee is an official language in the Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area and in the [[United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians]].<ref name="official" /><ref name="constitution" /><ref name="CARLA">{{cite web| title = The Cherokee Nation & its Language |website=University of Minnesota: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition |date =2008 |url= http://www.carla.umn.edu/conferences/past/immersion2008/documents/Peter_L_CherokeeNation.pdf |access-date=May 22, 2014}}</ref>

Twenty-five [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Native American languages]] are spoken in Oklahoma,<ref name="languages" /> second only to [[California]]. However, only Cherokee, if any, exhibits some language vitality at present. ''[[Ethnologue]]'' sees Cherokee as [[Endangered language|moribund]] because the only remaining active users of the language are members of the grandparent generation and older.

====Other languages====

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:1em; float:center"
|+ '''Top 10 non-English languages spoken in Oklahoma'''
|-
! Language !! Percentage of population<br /><small>({{as of|2000|lc=on}})</small><ref name="Languages" />
|-
| Spanish || 4.4%
|-
| [[Indigenous languages of North America|Native North American languages]] || 0.6%
|-
| German and Vietnamese (tied) || 0.4%
|-
| French || 0.3%
|-
| Chinese || 0.2%
|-
| Korean, Arabic, [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], Japanese (tied) || 0.1%
|}

[[Spanish language in the United States|Spanish]] is the second-most commonly spoken language in the state, with 141,060 speakers counted in 2000.<ref name="Languages" /> German has 13,444 speakers representing about 0.4% of the state's population,<ref name="Languages" /> and Vietnamese is spoken by 11,330 people,<ref name="Languages" /> or about 0.4% of the population,<ref name="Languages" /> many of whom live in the [[Asia District, Oklahoma City|Asia District]] of [[Oklahoma City]]. Other languages include French with 8,258 speakers (0.3%), [[Chinese Americans|Chinese]] with 6,413 (0.2%), Korean with 3,948 (0.1%), Arabic with 3,265 (0.1%), other Asian languages with 3,134 (0.1%), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] with 2,888 (0.1%), Japanese with 2,546 (0.1%), and African languages with 2,546 (0.1%).<ref name="Languages" />

===Religion===
{{see also|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Oklahoma}}
[[File:BostonAvenueMethodist.jpg|thumb|The [[Boston Avenue Methodist Church]] in Tulsa is a [[National Historic Landmark]].]]

Oklahoma is part of a geographical region characterized by conservative and Evangelical Protestant Christianity known as the "[[Bible Belt]]". Spanning the southern and eastern parts of the United States, the area is known for [[Ideology|politically and socially]] conservative views, with the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] having the greater number of voters registered between the two major parties.<ref name="ok.gov">{{cite news |url=https://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/20180115%20-%20Registration%20By%20County%20%28vr2420%29.pdf |title=Current Registration Statistics by County |work=ok.gov |date=January 15, 2018 |access-date=January 23, 2018 |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124135641/https://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/20180115%20-%20Registration%20By%20County%20%28vr2420%29.pdf }}</ref> Tulsa, the state's second-largest city, home to [[Oral Roberts University]], is sometimes called the "[[Bible Belt#Buckle|buckle of the Bible Belt]]".<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newvoices.org/cgi-bin/articlepage.cgi?id=672 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070121104922/http://www.newvoices.org/cgi-bin/articlepage.cgi?id=672 | archive-date=January 21, 2007 | title=Jewish Life in the Bible Belt| first=| last=Bram | publisher=New Voices Magazine| access-date=August 5, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=April 29, 2007 |url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-162762471.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910074711/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-162762471.html |archive-date=September 10, 2016 |title=Minister's book plunges into cultural issues |first=Bill |last=Sherman |work=Tulsa World |access-date=July 2, 2016}}</ref>

In 2000, there were about 5,000 [[List of synagogues in Oklahoma|Jews]] and 6,000 Muslims, with ten congregations to each group.<ref name="religion">{{cite web| url=http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/40_2000.asp| title=State Membership Report—Oklahoma| publisher=Association of Religion Data Archives| access-date=August 5, 2007| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926234702/http://thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/state/40_2000.asp| archive-date=September 26, 2007}}</ref>

According to the [[Pew Research Center]] in 2008, the majority of Oklahoma's religious adherents were [[Christian]], accounting for about 80% of the population. The percentage of Catholics was half the national average, while the percentage of [[Evangelical]] Protestants was more than twice the national average (tied with Arkansas for the largest percentage of any state).<ref name="religion2">{{cite web | url=http://religions.pewforum.org/maps | title=U.S. Religious Landscapes Survey| publisher=The Pew Forum on Religion and Life| access-date=April 22, 2008}}</ref>
[[File:OKC Cathedral.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Oklahoma City)|Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help]] in Oklahoma City]]

In 2010, the state's largest church memberships were in the [[Southern Baptist Convention]] (886,394 members), the [[United Methodist Church]] (282,347), the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]] (178,430), and the [[Assemblies of God USA|Assemblies of God]] (85,926) and [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] (LDS Church)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/united-states/state/oklahoma|title=LDS Statistics and Church Facts {{!}} Total Church Membership|work=www.mormonnewsroom.org|access-date=July 31, 2017|language=en}}</ref> (47,349). Other religions represented in the state include [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism]], and [[Islam]].<ref name="www.thearda.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/40/rcms2010_40_state_family_2010.asp |title=The Association of Religion Data Archives &#124; State Membership Report |publisher=thearda.com |access-date=December 5, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209190519/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/40/rcms2010_40_state_family_2010.asp |archive-date=February 9, 2014 }}</ref>

According to the Pew Research Center in 2014, the majority of Oklahoma's religious adherents remained Christian accounting for 79% of the population, 9 percent higher than the national average.<ref name="Pew2014national" /> The percentage of Evangelical Protestants declined since the last study, but they remain the largest religious group in the state at 47% over 20 percent higher than the national average.<ref name="Pew2014national">{{cite web |title=Religious Landscape Study- Religions |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/ |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=April 27, 2021}}</ref> The largest growth over the six years between Pew's 2008 and 2014 survey was in the number of people who identify as [[irreligious|unaffiliated]] in the state with an increase of 6% of the total population.

By the 2020 [[Public Religion Research Institute]]'s survey, 73% of the population were Christian.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PRRI – American Values Atlas |url=https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-OK |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=ava.prri.org |archive-date=April 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404161714/https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-OK |url-status=dead }}</ref> Evangelicalism made up 29% of the state population, followed by [[Mainline Protestant]]ism at 19%. [[Black church|Historically and predominantly African-American]] and Latino churches collectively made up 8% of the religious demographic. An estimated 13% of the state's religious population were Roman Catholic. About 22% of the population had no religious affiliation.

{| class="wikitable sortable" 
|+ '''Religious affiliation in Oklahoma'''
|-
! Religion 
! 2008<ref name="religion" />{{efn|Determined by a survey by the Pew Research Center in 2008. Percentages represent claimed religious beliefs, not necessarily membership in any particular congregation. Figures have a ±5{{nbsp}}percent margin of error.<ref name="religion2"/>}}  
! 2014<ref name="Pew2014">{{cite web |title=Adults in Oklahoma Religious composition of adults in Oklahoma |url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/oklahoma/ |website=pewforum.org |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=April 27, 2021}}</ref>
|-
| [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical]] Protestant||  53% || 47%
|-
| [[Mainline Protestant]] || 16% || 18%
|-
| Historically [[Black Protestant]] || 3% || 4%
|-
| [[Catholic]] || 12%  || 8%
|-
| [[Mormon]]|| <0.5% || 1%
|-
| [[Orthodoxy#Christianity|Orthodox Christianity]] || <0.5% || <1%
|-
| [[Jehovah's Witness]] || <0.5% || <1%
|-
| Other [[Christians]] || 1% || <1%
|-
| [[Jewish]] || 1% || <1%
|-
| [[Muslim]] || <0.5% || <1%
|-
| [[Buddhist]] || 1% || <1%
|- 
| [[Hindu]] || <0.5% || <1%
|- 
| Other World Faiths ||<0.5% || <1%
|-
| [[irreligious|Unaffiliated]], [[Atheist]], [[Agnostic]], and nothing in particular || 12% || 18%
|-
|[[Unitarianism|Unitarians]], [[Humanists]], [[Deists]], [[Spiritual but not religious]], [[Eclecticism|Eclectic]], and "other liberal faiths" ||  No data || <1%
|-
|[[New Age religion]], [[Paganism|Pagans]] or [[Wiccan]] || No data || <1%
|-
| [[Native American religions]] || No data || <1%
|-
| Don't Know || 1% || 1%
|}

===Incarceration===

Oklahoma has been described as "the world's prison capital", with 1,079 of every 100,000 residents imprisoned in 2018, the fourth-highest incarceration rate of any state, and by comparison, higher than the [[List of countries by incarceration rate|incarceration rates]] of any country in the world.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Wagner | first1 = Peter | last2 = Sawyer | first2 = Wendy | date = June 2018 | title = States of Incarceration: The Global Context 2018 | url = https://www.prisonpolicy.org/global/2018.html | journal = Prison Policy Initiative}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | last = Sweeney | first = Catherine | date = November 27, 2018 | title = Growth of Oklahoma's Prison Population Slows | url = http://journalrecord.com/2018/11/27/growth-of-oklahomas-prison-population-slows/ | work = The Journal Record}}</ref>

=== Gender issues ===
In 2022, Oklahoma was rated the worst state for women in a WalletHub study.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Writer |first=Jeff Elkins {{!}} Transcript Staff |title=Oklahoma ranked worst state for women in 2022 |url=https://www.normantranscript.com/news/oklahoma-ranked-worst-state-for-women-in-2022/article_ae61e792-99bb-11ec-ac4a-dff13bcca7f3.html |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Norman Transcript |date=March 2, 2022 |language=en}}</ref> ''[[The Oklahoman]]'' did investigative reporting and highlighted the inequities of men and women in the state based on this report.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grading Oklahoma: Status of Women |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/storytelling/graphic-novels/news/state/grading-ok-women-status/1681667375079/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=www.oklahoman.com |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oklahoma is ranked the worst state for women. Here's where equity needs to improve. |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/state/2023/04/18/oklahoma-ranked-the-worst-state-for-women-economically-and-physically/70119810007/ |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=The Oklahoman |language=en-US}}</ref> [[The Sentencing Project]] has highlighted the harsh sentencing laws in Oklahoma, such as Failure to Protect laws, which tend to over punish women than it does men who in an April 2023 report.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=Sentencing Reform for Criminalized Survivors |url=https://www.sentencingproject.org/app/uploads/2023/04/Sentencing-Reform-for-Criminalized-Survivors.pdf?emci=d27cd503-26de-ed11-8e8b-00224832eb73&emdi=134a7479-bade-ed11-8e8b-00224832eb73&ceid=10123357&fbclid=IwAR2aJ-Ekg7RYu6Q5WwlC6JMjDB7oKEWLhB2BAQK_SWKLYv3F1B_tQxDgVog}}</ref> The [[Human Rights Campaign]] has also pointed out cases of the Oklahoma legislature's actions against the LGBTQ population and censuring of a nonbinary lawmaker.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Rights Campaign Condemns Oklahoma Senate Passage of Three Anti-LGBTQ+ Bills and Slams Oklahoma House for Censuring Rep Turner |url=https://www.hrc.org/press-releases/human-rights-campaign-condemns-oklahoma-senate-passage-of-three-anti-lgbtq-bills-and-slams-oklahoma-house-for-censuring-rep-turner |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=Human Rights Campaign |date=March 7, 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>