Devil Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! == Mandaeism == {{Main|World of Darkness (Mandaeism)}} {{See also|Mandaeism|Ruha}} In [[Mandaean mythology]], [[Ruha]] fell apart from the [[World of Light]] and became the queen of the [[World of Darkness (Mandaeism)|World of Darkness]], also referred to as [[Sheol]].<ref name="GR Saadi">{{cite book |url=https://www.amazon.de/Ginza-Rabba-English-Translation-Drabsha/dp/B00A3GO458|last1=Al-Saadi |first1=Qais Mughashghash |last2=Al-Saadi |first2=Hamed Mughashghash |chapter=Glossary |title=Ginza Rabba: The Great Treasure. An equivalent translation of the Mandaean Holy Book |year=2019 |edition=2 |publisher=Drabsha}}</ref><ref name="Aldihisi 2008">{{cite thesis|url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1444088/|last=Aldihisi|first=Sabah|year=2008|title=The story of creation in the Mandaean holy book in the Ginza Rba|type=PhD|publisher=University College London}}</ref><ref name="Buckley 2002">{{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Jorunn Jacobsen|title=The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people|publisher=Oxford University Press|publication-place=New York|year=2002|isbn=0-19-515385-5|oclc=65198443}}</ref> She is considered evil and a liar, sorcerer and seductress.<ref name = GB>Deutsch, Nathniel (2003). Mandaean Literature. In {{cite book|last1=Barnstone|first1=Willis|last2=Meyer|first2=Marvin|title=The Gnostic Bible|year=2003|publisher=Shambhala|location=Boston & London}}</ref>{{rp|541}}She gives birth to [[Ur (Mandaeism)|Ur]], also referred to as [[Leviathan]]. He is portrayed as a large, ferocious dragon or snake and is considered the king of the World of Darkness.<ref name="Aldihisi 2008"/> Together they rule the [[underworld]] and create the [[Classical planet|seven planets]] and [[Zodiac|twelve zodiac constellations]].<ref name="Aldihisi 2008"/> Also found in the underworld is [[Krun]], the greatest of the five Mandaean Lords of the underworld. He dwells in the lowest depths of creation and his epithet is the 'mountain of flesh'.<ref name="Drower">{{cite book |last = Drower|first = E.S.|title = The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran|publisher = Oxford University Press|date = 1937|location = Oxford}}</ref>{{rp|251}} Prominent infernal beings found in the World of Darkness include ''[[lilith]]'', ''nalai'' ([[vampire]]), ''niuli'' ([[hobgoblin]]), ''latabi'' (devil), ''gadalta'' ([[ghost]]), ''satani'' ([[Satan]]) and various other demons and evil spirits.<ref name="Aldihisi 2008"/><ref name="GR Saadi"/> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page