21st century

====2003====
* 2003–present – In February 2003, a conflict in [[Darfur]], [[Sudan]] begins and escalates into [[War in Darfur|full-scale war]]. By 2008 it was believed that up to 400,000 people had been killed and over 2.5 million displaced. In 2005, the ICC decided that Darfur war criminals would be tried, and on [[July 14]], 2008, Sudanese president [[Omar al-Bashir]] was charged with 5 accounts of [[crimes against humanity]] and 2 accounts of war crimes, even though the ICC had no power to enforce such charges.
* 2003–2010 – The [[Multi-National Force – Iraq|U.S.-led coalition]] [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invades]] [[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]] on [[March 20]], 2003, and overthrows the government of [[Saddam Hussein]] (who is executed by the Iraqi government on December 30, 2006). Coalition troops remain in the country to install a democratic government and fight an escalating insurgency. In addition to an insurgency against the American presence, Iraq also suffered from a [[Iraqi insurgency (2003–11)|civil war]] for several years. The war was soon seen as the central front of the War on Terror by many governments, despite growing international dissatisfaction with the war. The [[Casualties of the Iraq War|total death toll]] has been estimated at near 150,000 but these estimations are highly disputed, with one highly disputed study guessing even over 1 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://antiwar.com/casualties/|title=Estimated casualties in Iraq|access-date=6 October 2014|archive-date=7 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007084135/http://antiwar.com/casualties/|url-status=live}}</ref> After the U.S.-led coalition initiated a [[Iraq War troop surge of 2007|troop surge]] in 2007, casualty numbers have decreased significantly. Combat ended, at least officially, in August 2010.
* 2003–2005 – A series of [[nonviolence|nonviolent]] [[revolution]]s known as the [[colour revolution]]s overthrow governments in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Ukraine]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], and [[Lebanon]].
* [[December]] – Libyan leader [[Muammar Gaddafi]] announces that Libya would voluntarily eliminate all [[Libya and weapons of mass destruction|weapons of mass destruction]].