United States Marine Corps

===Korean War===
[[File:Koreacloseairsupport1950.JPEG|thumb|[[Vought F4U Corsair|F4U Corsairs]] providing close air support to marines of the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]] fighting Chinese forces in North Korea, December 1950]]

The beginning of the [[Korean War]] (1950–1953) saw the hastily formed [[1st Provisional Marine Brigade|Provisional Marine Brigade]] holding the defensive line at the [[Battle of Pusan Perimeter|Pusan Perimeter]]. To execute a [[flanking maneuver]], General [[Douglas MacArthur]] called on United Nations forces, including U.S. Marines, to make an amphibious landing at [[Battle of Inchon|Inchon]]. The successful landing resulted in the collapse of North Korean lines and the pursuit of North Korean forces north near the [[Yalu River]] until the entrance of the People's Republic of China into the war. Chinese troops surrounded, surprised, and overwhelmed the overextended and outnumbered American forces. The U.S. Army's X Corps, which included the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]] and the Army's [[7th Infantry Division (United States)|7th Infantry Division]] regrouped and inflicted heavy casualties during their fighting withdrawal to the coast, known as the [[Battle of Chosin Reservoir]].

The fighting calmed after the Battle of the Chosin Reservoir, but late in March 1953, the relative quiet of the war was broken when the [[People's Liberation Army]] launched a massive offensive on three outposts manned by the [[5th Marine Regiment]]. These outposts were codenamed "Reno", "Vegas", and "Carson". The campaign was collectively known as the Nevada Cities Campaign. There was brutal fighting on Reno Hill, which was eventually captured by the Chinese. Although Reno was lost, the 5th Marines held both Vegas and Carson through the rest of the campaign. In this one campaign, the Marines suffered approximately 1,000 casualties and might have suffered much more without the U.S. Army's [[Task Force Faith]]. Marines would continue a battle of attrition around the [[38th parallel north|38th Parallel]] until the [[Korean Armistice Agreement|1953 armistice]].<ref name="Fehrenbach">{{Cite book
 |last= Fehrenbach
 |first= T. R.
 |author-link = T. R. Fehrenbach
 |title= This Kind of War: The Classic Korean War History
 |publisher= Brassey's
 |year= 1994
 |isbn= 1-57488-259-7}}</ref> During the war, the Corps expanded from 75,000 regulars to a force of 261,000 marines, mostly reservists; 30,544 marines were killed or wounded during the war, and 42 were awarded the [[Medal of Honor]].<ref>{{cite web
 |title= Fast Facts on the Korean War
 |publisher= History Division, U.S. Marine Corps
 |url= http://hqinet001.hqmc.usmc.mil/HD/Special_Interests/KWC/Fast_Facts.htm
 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070806010111/http://hqinet001.hqmc.usmc.mil/HD/Special_Interests/KWC/Fast_Facts.htm
 |archive-date=6 August 2007
}}</ref>