November 2015 Paris attacks

=== Local ===
{{Main|Reactions to the November 2015 Paris attacks#Popular reactions}}

The [[hashtag]] ''#portesouvertes'' ("open doors") was used by Parisians to offer shelter to those afraid to travel home after the attacks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://qz.com/549818/isil-supporters-already-have-a-hashtag-for-the-bloody-paris-attacks-underway/|title=ISIL supporters already have a hashtag for the bloody Paris attacks|author=Caitlin Hu|work=Quartz|date=14 November 2015 |access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116051511/http://qz.com/549818/isil-supporters-already-have-a-hashtag-for-the-bloody-paris-attacks-underway/|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Dozens of mourning people captured during civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks victims. Western Europe, France, Paris, place de la République, November 15, 2015.jpg|thumb|left|Civil service in remembrance of the attacks victims at the [[Place de la République]] on 15 November 2015]]
As had been the case in January after the ''Charlie Hebdo'' attacks, the [[Place de la République]] became a focal point of mourning, memorial, and tributes.<ref name="NYT1">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/in-place-de-la-republique-a-defiant-gathering-to-mourn/|title=Attacks in Paris: Live Updates From France|work=The New York Times|date=14 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116015759/http://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/in-place-de-la-republique-a-defiant-gathering-to-mourn/|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> An impromptu memorial also developed near the Bataclan theatre.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/paris-terror-attacks/paris-attacks-mother-daughter-pay-tribute-victims-male-sense-n463751|title=Paris Attacks: Mom, Daughter Pay Tribute to Victims, Make Sense of Terror|publisher=NBC News|date=15 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115114711/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/paris-terror-attacks/paris-attacks-mother-daughter-pay-tribute-victims-male-sense-n463751|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> On 15 November, two days after the attacks, a memorial service was held at [[Notre Dame Cathedral]], presided over by the Archbishop of Paris, Cardinal [[André Vingt-Trois]], with several political and religious figures in attendance.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/mass-at-notre-dame-will-mourn-victims/|title=Attacks in Paris: Live Updates From France|work=The New York Times|date=14 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117043456/http://www.nytimes.com/live/paris-attacks-live-updates/mass-at-notre-dame-will-mourn-victims/|archive-date=17 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

Muslim organisations in France, such as the [[Union of Islamic Organisations of France]], strongly condemned the attacks in Paris.<ref>{{cite news|last=Fisher|first=David|title=France's Muslims strongly condemn Paris attacks|url=http://www.newsfultoncounty.com/politics/news/1416259-frances-muslims-strongly-condemn-paris-attacks|date=14 November 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20151129092653/http://www.newsfultoncounty.com/politics/news/1416259-frances-muslims-strongly-condemn-paris-attacks|archive-date=29 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Attentats de Paris : les fédérations musulmanes dénoncent "une barbarie abjecte"|url=http://www.rtl.fr/actu/societe-faits-divers/attentats-de-paris-les-federations-musulmanes-denoncent-une-barbarie-abjecte-7780513339|access-date=15 November 2015|publisher=[[RTL (French radio)|RTL]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115232610/http://www.rtl.fr/actu/societe-faits-divers/attentats-de-paris-les-federations-musulmanes-denoncent-une-barbarie-abjecte-7780513339|archive-date=15 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Après les attentats à Paris, les musulmans appelés à réagir|url=http://www.lesechos.fr/politique-societe/societe/021479424407-apres-les-attentats-a-paris-les-musulmans-appeles-a-reagir-1175306.php|access-date=15 November 2015|work=[[Les Échos (France)|Les Échos]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151116141449/http://www.lesechos.fr/politique-societe/societe/021479424407-apres-les-attentats-a-paris-les-musulmans-appeles-a-reagir-1175306.php|archive-date=16 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The attacks affected business at high-profile venues and shopping centres in Paris, and many Parisians were concerned the attacks might lead to a marginalisation of Muslims in the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/parisians-fear-attacks-will-divide-not-unite-the-city.html |title=Parisians Fear Terror Attacks Will Divide, Not Unite, the City|author=Celestine Bohlen|newspaper=The New York Times|date=15 November 2015|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020131558/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/15/world/europe/parisians-fear-attacks-will-divide-not-unite-the-city.html |archive-date=20 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> There was not the same call for solidarity with Islam, as in January, following the attacks.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/17/world/europe/after-paris-attacks-a-darker-mood-toward-islam-emerges-in-france.html|title=After Paris Attacks, a Darker Mood Toward Islam Emerges in France|author1=Adam Nossiter|author2=Liz Alderman|name-list-style=amp|newspaper=The New York Times|date=16 November 2015|access-date=16 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117091659/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/17/world/europe/after-paris-attacks-a-darker-mood-toward-islam-emerges-in-france.html|archive-date=17 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Sales of the [[Flag of France|French flag]], which the French had rarely displayed prior to the attacks, increased dramatically after the attacks.<ref name=FrenchPatriotism>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/27/world/europe/paris-attacks-have-many-in-france-eager-to-join-the-fight.html|title=Paris Attacks Have Many in France Eager to Join the Fight|author=Liz Alderman|newspaper=The New York Times|date=26 November 2015|access-date=26 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127084903/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/27/world/europe/paris-attacks-have-many-in-france-eager-to-join-the-fight.html|archive-date=27 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 4 December, the Bonne Bière café reopened, adorned by a banner with the defiant slogan "Je suis en terrasse" ("I'm on the Terrace"). A street cleaner told [[France 24]] that the city had removed six truckloads of wilted flowers and several kilograms of candles from memorials placed around this and the other shooting scenes: "We didn't really want to get rid of things, but it feels a bit like a cemetery with all the flowers."<ref>{{cite web|last=Chappell|first=Bill|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/12/04/458439094/caf-that-was-hit-by-paris-terrorism-attack-reopens|title=Cafe That Was Hit By Paris Terrorism Attack Reopens|date=4 December 2015|work=NPR.org|access-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011191815/http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/12/04/458439094/caf-that-was-hit-by-paris-terrorism-attack-reopens|archive-date=11 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>