Czech Republic

=== Law ===
{{Main|Law of the Czech Republic|Judiciary of the Czech Republic|Law enforcement in the Czech Republic}}
{{See also|Gun law in the Czech Republic|Self-defence (Czech Republic)}}
[[File:Ústavní soud, Brno Joštova 4277 sněmovna.jpg|right|thumb|Interior of the [[Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic]] in [[Brno]]]]
The Czech Republic is a [[unitary state]],<ref name="CabadaWaisová2011">{{cite book|first1=Ladislav|last1=Cabada|first2=Šárka|last2=Waisová|title=Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic in World Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PS76MzGVjSwC&pg=PR18|year=2011|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-6733-5|page=18}}</ref> with a [[Civil law (legal system)|civil law system]] based on the continental type, rooted in Germanic legal culture. The basis of the legal system is the [[Constitution of the Czech Republic]] adopted in 1993.<ref name="Kuklík2015"/> The [[Criminal code|Penal Code]] is effective from 2010. A new [[Civil code]] became effective in 2014. The court system includes district, county, and supreme courts and is divided into civil, criminal, and administrative branches. The Czech judiciary has a [[triumvirate]] of supreme courts. The [[Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic|Constitutional Court]] consists of 15 constitutional judges and oversees violations of the [[Constitution of the Czech Republic|Constitution]] by either the legislature or by the [[Government of the Czech Republic|government]].<ref name="Kuklík2015"/> The [[Supreme Court of the Czech Republic|Supreme Court]] is formed of 67 judges and is the court of highest appeal for most [[legal case]]s heard in the Czech Republic. The [[Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic|Supreme Administrative Court]] decides on issues of procedural and administrative propriety. It also has jurisdiction over certain political matters, such as the formation and closure of political parties, jurisdictional boundaries between government entities, and the eligibility of persons to stand for public office.<ref name="Kuklík2015"/> The Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court are both based in [[Brno]], as is the Supreme Public Prosecutor's Office.<ref name="Kuklík2015">{{cite book|first=Jan|last=Kuklík|title=Czech Law in Historical Contexts|year=2015|publisher=Charles University in Prague, Karolinum Press|isbn=978-80-246-2860-8|pages=221–234}}</ref>