Mathematics

=== Computational mathematics ===
{{Main|Computational mathematics}}
Computational mathematics is the study of [[mathematical problem]]s that are typically too large for human, numerical capacity.<ref>{{cite web
 | title=G I Marchuk's plenary: ICM 1970
 | first=Gurii Ivanovich
 | last=Marchuk
 | website=MacTutor
 | date=April 2020
 | publisher=School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland
 | url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Computational_mathematics/
 | access-date=November 13, 2022
 | archive-date=November 13, 2022
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113155409/https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Extras/Computational_mathematics/
 | url-status=live
 }}</ref><ref>{{cite conference | title=Grand Challenges, High Performance Computing, and Computational Science | last1=Johnson | first1=Gary M. | last2=Cavallini | first2=John S. | conference=Singapore Supercomputing Conference'90: Supercomputing For Strategic Advantage | date=September 1991 | page=28 |lccn=91018998 |publisher=World Scientific | editor1-first=Kang Hoh | editor1-last=Phua | editor2-first=Kia Fock | editor2-last=Loe | url={{GBurl|id=jYNIDwAAQBAJ|p=28}} | access-date=November 13, 2022 }}</ref> [[Numerical analysis]] studies methods for problems in [[analysis (mathematics)|analysis]] using [[functional analysis]] and [[approximation theory]]; numerical analysis broadly includes the study of [[approximation]] and [[discretization]] with special focus on [[rounding error]]s.<ref>{{cite book |last=Trefethen |first=Lloyd N. |author-link=Lloyd N. Trefethen |editor1-last=Gowers |editor1-first=Timothy |editor1-link=Timothy Gowers |editor2-last=Barrow-Green |editor2-first=June |editor2-link=June Barrow-Green |editor3-last=Leader |editor3-first=Imre |editor3-link=Imre Leader |year=2008 |chapter=Numerical Analysis |pages=604–615 |title=The Princeton Companion to Mathematics |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0-691-11880-2 |lccn=2008020450 |mr=2467561 |oclc=227205932 |url=http://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/trefethen/NAessay.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307054158/http://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/trefethen/NAessay.pdf |archive-date=March 7, 2023 |access-date=February 15, 2024}}</ref> Numerical analysis and, more broadly, scientific computing also study non-analytic topics of mathematical science, especially algorithmic-[[numerical linear algebra|matrix]]-and-[[graph theory]]. Other areas of computational mathematics include [[computer algebra]] and [[symbolic computation]].
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