England

===Politics===
{{Main|Politics of England}}
[[File:Palace of Westminster, London - Feb 2007.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|alt=Photograph of rectangular floodlight building, reflected in water. The building has multiple towers including one at each end. The tower on the right includes an illuminated clock face.|right|The [[Palace of Westminster]], the seat of the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]]]]

England is part of the United Kingdom, a [[constitutional monarchy]] with a [[parliamentary system]].<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-kingdom/ "United Kingdom"] CIA ''The World Factbook'']. Retrieved 13 April 2021</ref> There has not been a [[government of England]] since 1707, when the [[Acts of Union 1707]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Act of Union between England and Scotland |url=https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Act-of-Union/ |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Historic UK |language=en-GB}}</ref> putting into effect the terms of the [[Treaty of Union]], joined England and Scotland to form the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]].<ref name="Union with Scotland">{{Cite web |title=The first Parliament of Great Britain |url=http://www.parliament.uk/actofunion/08_02_great.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621165514/http://www.parliament.uk/actofunion/08_02_great.html |archive-date=21 June 2008 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=Parliament}}</ref> Before the union England was ruled by [[List of English monarchs|its monarch]] and the [[Parliament of England]]. Today England is governed directly by the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]], although other [[countries of the United Kingdom]] have [[Devolution|devolved]] governments.<ref name="Devolution">{{Cite web |last=Cabinet Office |author-link=Cabinet Office |date=26 March 2009 |title=Devolution in the United Kingdom |url=http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/devolution.aspx |access-date=16 August 2009 |publisher=cabinetoffice.gov.uk}}</ref>

In the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] which is the [[lower house]] of the British Parliament based at the [[Palace of Westminster]], there are 532 members of parliament (MPs) for constituencies in England, out of the 650 total.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lists of MPs |url=http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/mps/ |access-date=21 May 2009 |publisher=Parliament.uk}}</ref> England is represented by 345 MPs from the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], 179 from the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], seven from the [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrats]], one from the [[Green Party of England and Wales|Green Party]], and the [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House]].

Since devolution, in which other countries of the United Kingdom – Scotland, Wales and [[Northern Ireland]] – each have their own devolved parliament or assemblies for local issues, there has been debate about how to counterbalance this in England. Originally it was planned that various [[regions of England]] would be devolved, but following the proposal's rejection by the [[North East England|North East]] in a [[2004 North East England devolution referendum|2004 referendum]], this has not been carried out.<ref name="The Times 2004-11-05" />