Cerebral palsy

===Genetics===
[[File:Autosomal recessive - en.svg|right|thumb|Autosomal recessive inheritance pattern]]
Cerebral palsy is not commonly considered a genetic disease. About 2% of all CP cases are expected to be inherited, with [[GAD1|glutamate decarboxylase-1]] being one of the possible enzymes involved.<ref name="omim" /> Most inherited cases are [[autosomal recessive]].<ref name="omim" /> However, the vast majority of CP cases are connected to brain damage during birth and in infancy. There is a small percentage of CP cases caused by brain damage that stemmed from the prenatal period, which is estimated to be less than 5% of CP cases overall.<ref name="cdc.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/cp/causes.html|title = Causes and Risk Factors of Cerebral Palsy &#124; CDC|date = 15 December 2020}}</ref> Moreover, there is no one reason why some CP cases come from prenatal brain damage, and it is not known if those cases have a genetic basis.<ref name="cdc.gov"/>

[[Cerebellar hypoplasia]] is sometimes genetic<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Parolin Schnekenberg R, Perkins EM, Miller JW, Davies WI, D'Adamo MC, Pessia M, Fawcett KA, Sims D, Gillard E, Hudspith K, Skehel P, Williams J, O'Regan M, Jayawant S, Jefferson R, Hughes S, Lustenberger A, Ragoussis J, Jackson M, Tucker SJ, Németh AH | title = De novo point mutations in patients diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy | journal = Brain | volume = 138 | issue = Pt 7 | pages = 1817–1832 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25981959 | pmc = 4572487 | doi = 10.1093/brain/awv117 | quote = [...]a putative new gene had been found in Case 7, which is currently under investigation and will be presented elsewhere. }}</ref> and can cause [[ataxic cerebral palsy]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Parolin Schnekenberg R, Perkins EM, Miller JW, Davies WI, D'Adamo MC, Pessia M, Fawcett KA, Sims D, Gillard E, Hudspith K, Skehel P, Williams J, O'Regan M, Jayawant S, Jefferson R, Hughes S, Lustenberger A, Ragoussis J, Jackson M, Tucker SJ, Németh AH | title = De novo point mutations in patients diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy | journal = Brain | volume = 138 | issue = Pt 7 | pages = 1817–1832 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25981959 | pmc = 4572487 | doi = 10.1093/brain/awv117 | quote = Case 6 had cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and Case 7 had global cerebellar hypoplasia (vermis and cerebellar hemispheres), both these cases were clinically stable. }}</ref>