Adultery

====Islam====
{{See also|Extramarital sex#Islam}}
''[[Zina (Arabic)|Zina']]'' is an Arabic term for illegal intercourse, premarital or extramarital. Various conditions and punishments have been attributed to adultery. Under [[Sharia|Islamic law]], adultery in general is sexual intercourse by a person (whether man or woman) with someone to whom they are not married. Adultery is a violation of the marital contract and one of the major sins condemned by God in the [[Qur'an]]:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surah An-Nur 24:1-2 - Towards Understanding the Quran - Quran Translation Commentary - Tafheem ul Quran |url=https://www.islamicstudies.info/tafheem.php?sura=24&verse=1&to=2 |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=www.islamicstudies.info}}</ref>

Qur'anic verses prohibiting adultery include:

{{Blockquote|Do not go near adultery. It is truly a shameful deed and an evil way.|{{qref|17|32|c=y}}}}

{{Blockquote|Say, “My Lord has only forbidden open and secret indecencies, sinfulness, unjust aggression, associating ˹others˺ with Allah ˹in worship˺—a practice He has never authorized—and attributing to Allah what you do not know.”|{{qref|7|33|c=y}}}}

Punishments are reserved to the legal authorities and false accusations are to be punished severely.<ref>[http://al-quran.info/#&&sura=24&trans=no-einar_berg&show=both,quran-uthmani&format=rows&ver=1.00 Online Qur'an Project Chapter 24] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129090725/http://al-quran.info/#&&sura=24&trans=no-einar_berg&show=both,quran-uthmani&format=rows&ver=1.00 |date=29 January 2009 }}.</ref> It has been said that these legal procedural requirements were instituted to protect women from [[slander]] and false accusations: i.e. four witnesses of good character are required for conviction, who were present at that time and saw the deed taking place; and if they saw it they were not of good moral character, as they were looking at naked adults; thus no one can be convicted of adultery unless both of the accused also agree and give their confession under oath four times.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asmasociety.org/perspectives/article_8.html |title=American Muslims need to speak out against violations of Islamic Shariah law |publisher=Asmasociety.org |access-date=12 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705191356/http://www.asmasociety.org///perspectives/article_8.html |archive-date=5 July 2010 }}</ref>

According to ''a [[hadith]]'' attributed to Muhammad, an unmarried person who commits adultery or fornication is punished by flogging 100 times; a married person will then be [[stoning|stoned]] to death.<ref>Hadith Muslim 17:4192. Also, see the following: Bukhari 6:60:79, Bukhari 83:37, Muslim 17:4196, Muslim 17:4206, Muslim 17:4209, Ibn Ishaq 970.</ref> A survey conducted by the [[Pew Research Center]] found support for stoning as a punishment for adultery mostly in [[Arab countries]]; it was supported in [[Egypt]] (82% of respondents in favor of the punishment) and [[Jordan]] (70% in favor), as well as [[Pakistan]] (82% favor), whereas in [[Nigeria]] (56% in favor) and in [[Indonesia]] (42% in favor) opinion is more divided, perhaps due to diverging traditions and differing interpretations of Sharia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pewglobal.org/2010/12/02/muslims-around-the-world-divided-on-hamas-and-hezbollah |title=Muslim Publics Divided on Hamas and Hezbollah Retrieved 2011-06-02 |publisher=Pewglobal.org |date=2 December 2010 |access-date=28 September 2013 |archive-date=29 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929010643/http://www.pewglobal.org/2010/12/02/muslims-around-the-world-divided-on-hamas-and-hezbollah/ |url-status=live }}</ref>