Pedophilia

==Etymology and definitions==
[[File:Psychopathia sexualis Wellcome L0068484.jpg|thumb|221x221px|Title page of the tenth edition of ''[[Psychopathia Sexualis]]'' (1899, translated)]]
The word ''pedophilia'' comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] {{lang|el|παῖς, παιδός}} (''paîs, paidós''), meaning {{gloss|child}}, and {{lang|el|φιλία}} (''[[Philia|philía]]''), {{gloss|friendly love}} or {{gloss|friendship}}.<ref name="Liddell, H.G. 1959">{{cite book | first1 = H.G. | last1 = Liddell | first2 = Robert | last2 = Scott | title = Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon | publisher = [[Oxford University Press|Oxford At The Clarendon Press]] | location = Oxford, England | date = 1959 | isbn = 978-0-19-910206-8}}</ref> The term {{lang|de|paedophilie}} (in German) started being used in the 1830's among researchers of [[Pederasty in ancient Greece|pederasty in Ancient Greece]]. It was further used in the field of [[Forensic science|forensics]] after the 1890's, following [[Richard von Krafft-Ebing]]'s coinage of the term ''paedophilia erotica'' in the 1896 edition of ''[[Psychopathia Sexualis]]''. Krafft-Ebing was the first researcher to use the term pedophilia to refer to a pattern of sexual attraction toward children who had not yet reached puberty, excluding [[Preadolescence|pubescent minors]] from the pedophilic age range. In 1895, the English word ''pedophily'' was used as a translation of the German word ''pädophilie''.<ref name="janssen2">{{Cite journal |last=Janssen |first=Diederik F. |date=2015 |title='Chronophilia': Entries of Erotic Age Preference into Descriptive Psychopathology |journal=[[Medical History (journal)|Medical History]] |language=en |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=575–598 |doi=10.1017/mdh.2015.47 |issn=0025-7273 |pmc=4595948 |pmid=26352305}}</ref>

The term ''pedophilia'' was hardly used by 1945, but started appearing in medical records after 1950. By the 1950s and throughout the 1980s, the word pedophilia started being increasingly used by the popular media.<ref name="janssen2"/>

''Infantophilia'' (or ''nepiophilia'') is a sub-type of pedophilia; it is used to refer to a sexual preference for children under the age of 5 (especially [[infant]]s and [[toddler]]s).<ref>{{cite journal | first1 = David M. | last1 = Greenberg | first2 = John | last2 = Bradford | first3 = Susan | last3 = Curry | title = Infantophilia—a new subcategory of pedophilia?: a preliminary study | url = http://jaapl.org/content/23/1/63 | journal = The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | pages = 63–71 | date = 1995 | pmid = 7599373 | access-date = 2019-09-27 | archive-date = 2019-09-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190927152855/http://jaapl.org/content/23/1/63 | url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="mayoclinic"/> This is sometimes referred to as ''nepiophilia'' (from the Greek {{lang|el|νήπιος}} (''népios'') meaning {{gloss|infant}} or {{gloss|child}}, which in turn derives from ''ne-'' and ''epos'' meaning {{gloss|not speaking}}), though this term is rarely used in academic sources.<ref name="Goode2009">{{cite book | first = Sarah D. | last = Goode | title = Understanding and Addressing Adult Sexual Attraction to Children: A Study of Paedophiles in Contemporary Society | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=uNKOAgAAQBAJ | date = 2009 | publisher = [[Routledge]] | location = London, England | isbn = 978-1-135-25804-7 | pages = 13–14 | access-date = 2017-06-13 | archive-date = 2020-08-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200820000440/https://books.google.com/books?id=uNKOAgAAQBAJ | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |first1= D. Richard |last1= Laws | first2 = William T. | last2 = O'Donohue | title = Sexual Deviance: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment |url= https://archive.org/details/sexualdevianceth00laws | publisher = [[Guilford Press]] | location = London, England | date = 2008 |isbn= 978-1-59385-605-2 | page = [https://archive.org/details/sexualdevianceth00laws/page/176 176]}}</ref> ''[[Hebephilia]]'' is defined as individuals with a primary or exclusive sexual interest in 11- to 14-year-old pubescents.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Blanchard R, Lykins AD, Wherrett D, Kuban ME, Cantor JM, Blak T, Dickey R, Klassen PE | title = Pedophilia, hebephilia, and the DSM-V | journal = Arch Sex Behav | volume = 38 | issue = 3 | pages = 335–50 | date = June 2009 | pmid = 18686026 | doi = 10.1007/s10508-008-9399-9 | s2cid = 14957904 }}</ref> The DSM-5 does not list hebephilia among the diagnoses. While evidence suggests that hebephilia is separate from pedophilia, the ICD-10 includes early pubertal age (an aspect of hebephilia) in its pedophilia definition, covering the physical development overlap between the two philias.<ref name="SetoReview">{{cite journal | author = Seto MC | year = 2009 | title = Pedophilia | journal = Annual Review of Clinical Psychology | volume = 5 | pages = 391–407 | doi=10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153618 | pmid=19327034 | s2cid = 241202227 }}</ref> In addition to hebephilia, some clinicians have proposed other categories that are somewhat or completely distinguished from pedophilia; these include ''pedohebephilia'' (a combination of pedophilia and hebephilia) and ''[[ephebophilia]]'' (though ephebophilia is not considered pathological).<ref name="dsm5.org">{{Cite web | url = http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevision/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=186 | title = APA DSM-5 {{!}} U 03 Pedophilic Disorder | access-date = 2012-02-01 | archive-date = 2011-11-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111113205242/http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevision/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=186 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="www.usccb.org">{{cite web | first = Frederick | last = S. Berlin | title = Interview with Frederick S. Berlin, M.D., Ph.D | publisher = Office of Media Relations | access-date = 2008-06-27 | url = http://www.usccb.org/comm/kit6.shtml | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110623130406/http://www.usccb.org/comm/kit6.shtml | archive-date = June 23, 2011 }}</ref>