Catholic Herald

==History==
''The Catholic Herald'' was established as a weekly newspaper in 1888.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange">{{cite news|title=Herald of Change|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/aug/02/mondaymediasection10|access-date=5 October 2016|work=The Guardian|date=2 August 2004}}</ref> It was first owned and edited by [[Irish people|Irish]] [[Derry]]-born [[Charles Diamond]], a journalist and newspaper entrepreneur, until his death in 1934. In 1920, Diamond edited the Herald from jail after writing an editorial leader article that supported Irish nationalism and allegedly encouraged assassination in Ireland.

After his death the paper was bought by Ernest Vernor Miles, a recent convert to Roman Catholicism and head of the New Catholic Herald Ltd. Miles appointed Count [[Michael de la Bédoyère]] as editor, a post he held until 1962. From 1888 to 1962, the Herald only had two editors with the Herald being based for many years in a large building on the corner of [[Whitefriars Street]] and [[Fleet Street]] opposite ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' building and close to its rival newspaper, ''[[The Universe (Catholic newspaper)|The Universe]]''.  During his time as editor, he transformed it into a much respected intellectual newspaper, which often brought it into conflict with the more conservative members of the Roman Catholic Church. Circulation increased to over 100,000.

During the late 1930s, owner Vernor Miles published a number of articles, like [[Viscount Rothermere]] in the ''[[Daily Mail]]'', which displayed some moral ambivalence towards the rise of fascism in Europe. The Herald, however, condemned [[Oswald Mosley]]'s Blackshirts' street fights, anti-Semitism, and worship of State power over God.

De la Bédoyère's news editor was writer [[Douglas Hyde (author)|Douglas Hyde]], also a convert who arrived from the Communist ''[[Daily Worker (UK)|Daily Worker]]''.<ref name="Morgan">Kevin Morgan. [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaries-douglas-hyde-1365102.html "Obituary: Douglas Hyde"], ''The Independent'' (London), 29 September 1996</ref> After resigning from the party in 1948, he converted to Catholicism. After his conversion, he gained an international reputation in the late 1940s and 1950s as a critic of communism.

De la Bédoyère almost went to prison for criticising what he saw as [[Winston Churchill|Churchill's]] appeasement of the "godless" Soviet Union.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" /> It was a dangerous moment for the Herald when Churchill turned his ire on the magazine. The paper's editorial on the [[Yalta Conference]], in which De la Bédoyère strongly criticised Churchill and Roosevelt stance towards Stalin, lead to Churchill being reassured by his right hand man, Sir [[Desmond Morton (civil servant)|Desmond Morton]], that De la Bédoyère was not a British traitor.

De La Bedoyere was followed as editor by [[Desmond Fisher]]. As editor of the Herald from 1962 to 1966 he covered the [[Second Vatican Council]], after which he worked for [[RTÉ]]. He was in Rome in 1962 before the council was set up and covered the 1963 and 1964 sessions. Fisher's Vatican II coverage caused some ire in the Catholic hierarchy, not least [[John Heenan (cardinal)|Cardinal John Heenan]] of [[Westminster]], England. Indeed, the ''Catholic Herald'''s owners, likely influenced by Heenan, recalled Fisher to London.

The Herald's independence was of great importance to Fisher. In 1962, in his first Catholic Herald editorial, Fisher wrote that a lay-owned and independent Catholic paper had "a freedom that is journalistically necessary if it is to carry out what it conceives to be its function and which relieves the hierarchy and the clergy generally of any responsibility for opinions expressed in its columns."<ref>{{Cite web |author=Staff Reporter |date=2015-01-05 |title=Former Catholic Herald editor Desmond Fisher dies |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/former-catholic-herald-editor-desmond-fisher-dies/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Catholic Herald |language=en-GB}}</ref>

In the 1980s, when Peter Stanford became the editor, the publication openly supported left-wing politics in South America.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" /> Stephen Bates of ''[[The Guardian]]'' says that in the later 1990s and early 2000s under William Oddie, the publication moved to the right and published criticism of liberal bishops and Jesuits. Bates went on to say that editor Luke Coppen, installed in 2004, takes a more embracing stance towards Catholics of all political hues. During his tenure, Oddie lost a libel suit against Bates.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" />

Many bishops in England, Ireland and [[Scotland]], including [[Dublin]]'s Archbishop [[John Charles McQuaid|John McQuaid]], disagreed with the Herald's view of Vatican II events. McQuaid called it "very objectionable." Yet when Fisher resigned, many other bishop-attendees to Vatican II wrote in to say they agreed with the Herald.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vatican II reporter Desmond Fisher dies at age 94 |url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/vatican-ii-reporter-desmond-fisher-dies-age-94 |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=National Catholic Reporter |language=en}}</ref>

Fisher had grown up in [[Derry]] in the 1920s, during [[The Troubles]] that led to partition in 1922. After graduating from [[University College Dublin]], where he was a classicist, he moved to London in 1952 to become London editor of ''[[The Irish Press]]''. Fisher's reporting of the Second Vatican Council was said to be so incisive that [[Franz König|Cardinal Franz König]] of [[Vienna]] said he learned more from reading Mr Fisher's reports than from being there.

[[Desmond Albrow]] followed Fisher as editor during the later sessions of Vatican II. Writing in an editorial in 1968, entitled "Publish and be Banned" (30 August 1968), following  the publication of the [[Pope Paul VI]]'s encyclical [[Humanae vitae|Humanae Vitae]], Albrow voiced the views of many Catholics in Britain, and elsewhere, after the encyclical letter condemned the use of artificial contraception – a papal missive which a Herald editorial stated was  'a Roman time-bomb: a theological and pastoral blockbuster'.<ref>{{Citation |last=Harris |first=Alana |title=A Spiritual Storm in the Summer of '68: English Catholic reactions to the "Humanae vitae" crisis |date=2020-12-01 |url=https://www.schoeningh.de/display/book/9783657760220/BP000022.xml |work=Liebe und tu, was du willst? |pages=323–346 |access-date=2023-07-05 |publisher=Brill Schöningh |language=de |isbn=978-3-657-76022-0}}</ref>

Albrow was also the editor responsible for bringing the paper's celebrated 1960s cartoonist [[John Ryan (cartoonist)|John Ryan]] into the Herald which began 'what was to become an entertaining visual chronicle of the post Vatican II Catholic church'. Ryan had attended [[Ampleforth]] and was able to speak to ordinary Catholics as he had been educated in the liturgical practice of the pre-Vatican II church in which his audience had also been raised. Ryan's cartoons gently mocked the clergy and curia of Rome and his work became an integral part of the Herald's weekly news coverage of church affairs as Ryan 'lived and breathed his subject'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=James |first=Serenhedd |date=2021-02-11 |title=John Ryan – gently lampooning the Catholic sixties |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/john-ryan-gently-lampooning-the-catholic-sixties/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Catholic Herald |language=en-GB}}</ref>

From the 1970s to the 1980s, the Herald's commercial survival was partly due to the tight budgeting of the Herald's pipe smoking managing director, [[Austrians|Austrian]] Otto Herschan. He was first appointed as managing director in 1961 by Vernor Miles.

Herschan's sense of economy ensured that editorial costs were controlled through forensic accounting and a distaste for any unnecessary spending, down to questioning the cost of interval ice-creams for the theatre critic. His memoir, ''Holy Smoke?'' revealed that his speciality as managing director was to invite Catholic grandees to write for negligible sums. Writers such as [[Delia Smith]] would be paid by being taken to lunch at the RAC Club.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 August 2011 |title=Otto Herschan |work=The Times |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/otto-herschan-sz8lk3n2s2q}}</ref>

Albrow was followed by aristocratic journalist [[Gerard Noel (editor)|Gerard Noel]], author of 20 books, who had met with [[Pope Pius XII]] at the [[Palace of Castel Gandolfo|Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo]] in 1947. He had two stints as editor, from 1971–1974, and then 1982–1983. Stuart Reid, later deputy editor of ''[[The Spectator]]'', edited the paper briefly in 1975, to be succeeded by [[Richard Dowden]].

Dowden was followed by [[Terence Sheehy]] (1983–1988). Educated by Jesuits in London and Dublin, Sheehy was appointed as a 'caretaker' editor in 1983 after working for ''[[The Irish Catholic]]'' in Dublin from 1942-46. Sheehy did not step into the doctrinal and liturgical wars that were dividing the church in the 1980s as he set out a populist agenda for the paper to help its commercial interests. Employing young journalists straight from university, he steered a middle course at a time when Catholicism was starting to divide into factions as [[Pope John Paul II]], Karol Wojtyla, clashed with more progressive elements of the church. For a traditionalist, Sheehy surprised readers by not censoring the voices of divorced, gay and progressive Catholics.

He reported the various scandals that emanated from the Vatican and vigorously resisted censorship from cardinals, bishops and papal nuncios for a more "deferential" line. Sheehy always insisted that the Herald needed to remain a strong independent voice in the church. An example was his campaign to encourage the Vatican to give their blessing to the Marian shrine at [[Medjugorje]], in former [[Yugoslavia]]. Although when the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mostar-Duvno|Bishop of Mostar]] was opposed to the reports of the six visionaries, Sheehy published articles and reports from the pilgrims who had their own experiences there. In the end, the Herald influenced the Vatican to revisit their views in a more favourable way on the visions.

In 1988, when [[Peter Stanford]] became the editor, the publication openly supported left-wing politics in [[South America]]. He was editor from 1988 to 1992 and resigned, to concentrate on writing books.

[[Cristina Odone]] edited ''The Catholic Herald'' from 1992–95. Odone was an Italian-American journalist, educated at [[Marymount School of New York|Marymount School]] and [[University of Oxford|Oxford University]]. A dashing and bubbly younger editor, with a gift for snappy language and a wide network of contacts, she brought a breath of fresh air to the cramped newsroom above St Joseph's Church in the City of London, drawing in celebrity Catholic writers for the Herald and herself becoming something of a celebrity. She clashed with Otto Herschan, by then also chairman and a Herald shareholder, who was largely liberal in his church politics. Herschan first fell out with columnist [[Alice Thomas Ellis]], an orthodox Catholic of traditional persuasion, after she wrote a piece condemning the late [[Archbishop of Liverpool]], [[Derek Worlock]]. The saga helped to end the editorship of Odone, whose resignation letter was printed on the front page of the Catholic Herald.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-07-05 |title=Otto Herschan |newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/otto-herschan-sz8lk3n2s2q |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref>

Odone was followed in the editor's chair in October 1996 by Deborah Jones, a former teacher, who once considered becoming a nun. Although Jones did not apply for the editor's position, chairman Otto Herschan sought her appointment as the board wanted to ensure that the newspaper's coverage was uncontroversial. Jones was a liberal Catholic, described as an 'ardent supporter of the modern church reforms introduced by the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s'.<ref>{{Cite news |title="Catholic Herald" journalists are delighted with "great new editor" |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/catholic-herald-journalists-are-delighted-with-great-new-editor-1.76289 |access-date=2023-07-05 |newspaper=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref>

She lasted two years before being replaced by William Oddie. Stephen Bates of ''The Guardian'' says that in the later 1990s and early 2000s under editor Oddie, the Herald moved in a different direction to the right and published criticism of liberal bishops and Jesuits. Oddie was appointed as editor in 1998 at a time when [[Conrad Black]], also owner of ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' and ''[[The Jerusalem Post|Jerusalem Post]]'', owned a 47% stake in the Herald whilst a similar stake was held by hotelier [[Sir Rocco Forte]] and the remaining 5% by chairman Peter Sheppard.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" />

In 1996 Oddie had already caused controversy when he published an article, under Odone's editorship, asking: "Can Catholic loyalty to the Crown be sustained in present conditions?" He argued that the Queen had "given royal sanction to the secularisation of Christian marriage" by encouraging the Prince of Wales to divorce; also in removing the Princess of Wales's HRH designation, the Queen had "devalued motherhood". At the time of his appointment, ''[[The Tablet]]'', speaking for the liberal Catholic establishment, published an open letter on Oddie's appointment, chiding him for "failure to understand the Catholic mind".<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Obituaries |first=Telegraph |date=2019-11-18 |title=William Oddie, former clergyman, pugnacious 'Telegraph' columnist, editor of 'The Catholic Herald' and author of books including a biography of GK Chesterton – obituary |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2019/11/18/william-oddie-former-clergyman-pugnacious-telegraph-columnist/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

===Into the 2000s===

There were controversies under Oddie's editorship. Columnist Father [[David Torkington]] resigned in 1999, saying that the Herald was "lurching to the Right" ever since the passing of [[Basil Hume|Cardinal Hume]], who had been "a stabilising influence" on the newspaper.<ref name=":0" />

His support for [[John Ward (archbishop of Cardiff)|John Ward]], the Archbishop of [[Cardiff]] accused of covering up the actions of two known priests implicated in sexual abuse alegations, led to his downfall. After Oddie criticised Guardian journalist Stephen Bates, claiming his account of the affair was "an unscrupulous fabrication"; the Herald was successfully sued.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bates |first=Stephen |date=2001-12-14 |title=Bates: why I sued the Catholic Herald |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/dec/14/pressandpublishing1 |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Oddie resigned from the editorship in 2004.

Oddie was replaced by editor [[Luke Coppen]], who was appointed in his late twenties. Coppen introduced a re-design along with a fresh editorial policy designed to "see off the increasingly conservative competition for good".<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" /> In this Coppen succeeded, with online readership of the Herald peaking at 1.5 million global readers a month.

Under Coppen, the online version of the magazine began by only including articles from the weekly print edition of the Catholic Herald, but later he added web-only content such as the coverage of Pope Benedict XVI's April 2008 trip to the United States. The site was revamped in November 2013 and again in 2023 following new investment.

In December 2014 Coppen was tasked by the board, chaired by Peter Sheppard, with turning the Herald into a weekly magazine, with a revamped website covering breaking news.<ref name="theguardianheraldofchange" />  "The" was dropped from the title and the magazine started being known as Catholic Herald. A relaunch party on 11 December 2014 was attended by Cardinal [[Cormac Murphy-O'Connor]] and [[Princess Michael of Kent]].

In 2018, Black sold his 47.5% shareholding in the Herald to Catholic Herald directors [[William Cash (writer)|William Cash]], a multi-award winning editor and author, and [[Brooks Newmark]], a businessman, philanthropist, homelessness campaigner and founder of [[Angels for Ukraine]] charity who has rescued over 30,000 women and children in the Ukraine since the start of the war.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ukraine |first=Christina Lamb, Lozova, eastern |date=2023-07-05 |title=Former Tory minister Brooks Newmark saves thousands from Ukraine |newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/former-tory-minister-brooks-newmark-saves-thousands-from-ukraine-hh5kg7jl7 |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref>

A US print edition of the Catholic Herald was launched on 16 November 2018 with board members, led by Sir Rocco Forte, travelling to Washington and New York for various launch events attended by leading Catholics in America. The ''[[New York Post]]'' reported how "Conservative British Catholics came to New York" and attended various events organised by [[Constance Watson]], great-granddaughter of Evelyn Waugh.

The US edition was closed<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rowan |first1=Nicholas |date=6 March 2020 |title=''Catholic Herald'' US to shut down offices |publisher=Washington Examiner |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/catholic-herald-us-to-shut-down}}</ref> during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] after churches closed and editor-in-chief [[Damian Thompson]] resigned due to differences over the U.S. edition's editorial direction. The Catholic Herald closed its Washington, D.C. offices in March 2020 as a result of US churches being closed during the pandemic. The Herald board then decided to re-invent itself as a monthly magazine of global influence taking advantage of digital subscription opportunities and focus on investment and growth in America.

===Latest developments===

When Coppen stepped down after 14 successful years, he was replaced by Dan Hitchens, formerly Deputy editor. Shortly after Dan Hitchens took on the position as editor in 2020, the newspaper revealed that it would be publishing on a monthly basis, a change from its previous weekly format. Hitchens stated that the change would provide the newspaper with the opportunity to expand its scope and publish more material online.

In April 2020, with the churches closing and lockdown announced in the UK because of Covid-19 pandemic, the US weekly print edition was merged into the UK print edition to create an international magazine.<ref name="monthly">{{Cite news |last=Hitchens |first=Dan |date=2 April 2020 |title=Letter to subscribers – why we're becoming a monthly magazine |work=[[The Catholic Herald]] |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/letter-to-subscribers-why-were-becoming-a-monthly-magazine/ |access-date=18 January 2021}}</ref> The ''[[Scottish Catholic Observer]]'', Britain's oldest religious newspaper founded in 1885, is also owned by the Catholic Herald. The title was mothballed during the pandemic due to the closure of all Scottish Catholic churches. Hitchens was replaced by William Cash in January 2021.

Cash was chairman from 2018 to February 2023 and has been editor-in-chief since January 2021. Cash is a two time winner of Editor of the Year at the PPA Independent Publisher Awards (2007 and 2008) as well as winning Writer of the Year in 2022 for his Catholic Herald work.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Megan |date=2023-01-24 |title=60 Seconds with William Cash |url=https://ppa.co.uk/60-seconds-with-william-cash |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=PPA |language=en-US}}</ref> In January 2023, the Daily Telegraph wrote: 'The Catholic Herald is riding high after it was shortlisted for Consumer Publication of the Year at the 2022 PPA Independent Publisher Awards. Now it is expanding to find a new audience in the US, described as the "political and moral battleground of the Catholic church".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hope |first=Christopher |date=2023-01-07 |title=Careful Cameron, it's not the drink that's the problem |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/01/06/careful-cameron-not-drink-problem/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

In March 2023, a 50.1% shareholding of the Catholic Herald was sold to New York based GEM Global Yield LLC SCS (Luxembourg), an alternative investment private equity group with offices in Paris, New York, and The Bahamas, with the chairmanship of the Herald passing to GEM founder Chris Brown whilst Cash remained editor-in-chief, Director and a shareholder.<ref name="gem" /> Brown is also co-chairman of French fashion magazine ''[[L'Officiel]]'' which GEM held a 65% stake and built up globally through an international licensing franchise model covering 29 countries. In May 2022, ''L'Officiel'' was sold to Hong Kong based AMTD NYSE for $57,000,000. This international licensing model is one that GEM plans to replicate with the Catholic Herald magazine in leading Catholic countries around the world, as well as license content in the Herald's 100 year old plus archive library for films, books and other digital platforms (the Herald's digital library dates back to 1934).

Under Cash's award winning editorship, Herald website traffic increased significantly to over half a million original users a month with over 50% being from America. The magazine increased the number of special surveys including their new landmark 'Top 250 US Catholic Leaders of Today'<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herald |first=The Catholic |date=2022-10-01 |title=US Catholic Leaders of Today 2022: Thought Leaders |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/us-catholic-leaders-of-today-2022-thought-leaders/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Catholic Herald |language=en-GB}}</ref> along with its UK Catholic Leaders of Today.

The magazine was nominated for Editor of the Year (Consumer Magazine) at the 2021 PPA Independent Publisher Awards, with cover artist Adam Dant nominated for Cover of the Year, as well as for Launch of the Year for which the Herald was awarded runner-up. In 2022, the Herald was nominated for Magazine of the Year and Writer of the Year and won for Writer of the Year (William Cash) at a ceremony in the City of London on 25 November.  At the 2023 PPA awards, Cash was nominated for Editor of the Year (Consumer Media) and also for Writer of the Year, for articles that included a report from Ukraine at the start of the war and coverage of various pilgrimages. "To be shortlisted in a line-up that includes the publishers Hearst, Bauer Media, Condé Nast, the BBC, Future and Haymarket shows how the Herald has evolved into a world-leading media brand," Cash said. "The nominations are very much a team effort and reflect the exceptional calibre of our editorial staff."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herald |first=The Catholic |date=2023-06-01 |title=The Herald nominated for media awards |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/the-herald-nominated-for-media-awards/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Catholic Herald |language=en-GB}}</ref>