Logic Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! ====Internal structure==== Premises and conclusions have an internal structure. As propositions or sentences, they can be either simple or complex.{{sfnm|1a1=King|1y=2019|2a1=Pickel|2y=2020|2pp=2991β3006}} A complex proposition has other propositions as its constituents, which are linked to each other through [[Logical connective|propositional connectives]] like "and" or "if...then". Simple propositions, on the other hand, do not have propositional parts. But they can also be conceived as having an internal structure: they are made up of subpropositional parts, like [[singular term]]s and [[Predicate (grammar)|predicates]].{{sfn |Honderich |2005 |loc=philosophical logic}}{{sfnm|1a1=King|1y=2019|2a1=Pickel|2y=2020|2pp=2991β3006}} For example, the simple proposition "Mars is red" can be formed by applying the predicate "red" to the singular term "Mars". In contrast, the complex proposition "Mars is red and Venus is white" is made up of two simple propositions connected by the propositional connective "and".{{sfn |Honderich |2005 |loc=philosophical logic}} Whether a proposition is true depends, at least in part, on its constituents. For complex propositions formed using [[Truth function|truth-functional]] propositional connectives, their truth only depends on the truth values of their parts.{{sfn |Honderich |2005 |loc=philosophical logic}}{{sfn |Pickel |2020 |pp=2991β3006}} But this relation is more complicated in the case of simple propositions and their subpropositional parts. These subpropositional parts have meanings of their own, like referring to objects or classes of objects.{{sfnm|1a1=Honderich|1y=2005|1loc=philosophical logic|2a1=Craig|2y=1996|2loc=Philosophy of logic|3a1=Michaelson|3a2=Reimer|3y=2019}} Whether the simple proposition they form is true depends on their relation to reality, i.e. what the objects they refer to are like. This topic is studied by [[theories of reference]].{{sfn |Michaelson |Reimer |2019}} Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page